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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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Subject: Home Science Extension Education × Author: SHUKLA, PRAGATI × End date: 2021 × Start date: 2021 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ROLE OF WOMEN IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY IN SAMASTIPUR DISTRICT OF BIHAR
    (DRPCAU, PUSA, 2021) SHUKLA, PRAGATI; Kumari, Arunima
    Agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy as roughly 70 -75 % of its population depends directly or indirectly on agriculture. Women play key role in agricultural production, processing and natural resource management. Rural women perform numerous labour intensive jobs such as weeding, hoeing, grass cutting, irrigation, plant protection, harvesting, keeping of livestock and its other associated activities like milking, milk processing, etc. Economic Survey 2017-18 says that with growing rural to urban migration by men, there is ‘feminization’ of agriculture sector, with increasing number of women in multiple roles as cultivators, entrepreneurs, and labourers. Based on facts and evidences, it can be summarized that in future woman will be represent in both form as a housewife and as a woman, but also farmers, now we have a wealth of pragmatic evidence demonstrating that women actively involve in agriculture development in all regions, crop zones, facing numourous disadvantage such as a lack of access to education and public life.They have shown a response to change and developments. Regional disparties in women’s participation are. Ofcourse due to a number of factors, concluding their important positions in the manufacturing process, cultural values and customs, caste restriction, the introduction of labourdisplacing innovations, and shifts in production relations, to name a few. These are not static and must be regarded as part of a continuous process of transition. Objective of the study 1. To study the socio- economical, psychological attributes of farm women and their role in decision making in the field of agriculture in research area. 2. To examine the women’s participation in various agricultural activities in the locale area. 3. To find out the changing scenario of participation of men and women in agriculture work. 4. To identify the constraints of farm women in performing the agricultural work in research area. Methodology The current investigation was conducted in Bihar. Out of 38 district of Sanastipur district was choose purposively. Out of 20 blocks in Samastipur Pusa block and Kalyanpur block were selected purposively. In Pusa block Harpur and Bhuskaul villages were selected and in Kalyanpur block Ladaura and Tara villages were selected. The last step of the sampling process involved selecting respondents from each of the four villages. Within the selected villages, 30 respondents each were selected randomly for the study. So the total number of respondent were 120. Welldeveloped scheduled was made for the collection of data from the respondents. Secondary data was taken from published and unpublished records, books, journals, government reports and publications. The collected data were analyzed using mean, frequency and percentage method, binomial logit model and correlation coefficient. Major findings of the study From the present study it was found that 70% farm women were marginal land holders (<1hac) and 75.83% farm women annual income was more than 109586 rupees per year. And 86.66% farm women possesed only 0 to 4 agricultural assets. 81.66% farm women were economic motivated. From this study it was found that, women involvement in various farm related activities effect the decision making behaviour of farm women, it was positively significant (0.000) For this it can be concluded that if 1 unit of participation of farm women will increase than decision making will increase 20.1%. Land holding and extension participation are positively associated with women’s participation in various agricultural activites at 1 percent level of significant. Annual income and agriculture assets possesion are positively associated with women’s participation in various agricultural activites at 5 percent level of significant. However educational year was not found to be correlated with women’s participation in agricultural activities. Three-quarters of Bihari's women are in farming occupations. The proportion of women employed in agriculture in the state was estimated at 19.32%. A total of 19.48% of all agricultural workers were female, in rural areas, while 14.1% were female in urban areas. Harvesting of crops was the most common occupation of women (14,56%) subsequently by planting (11,36%). from the present study it was found that the main constraints percieved by farm while performing the agricultural work was economic motivation with mean value 4.17 followed by risk taking ability with mean value 3.42 and so on.