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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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Subject: Home Science Extension Education × Author: Kumari, Ruby × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2018 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Impact analysis of Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) in Samastipur district of Bihar.
    (Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, 2018) Kumari, Ruby; Kumari, Shipra
    India has a shockingly high maternal mortality ratio (MMR) of 174, for every 100000 births (2015). This is more than twice the target to be achieved under the sustainable development goal. Although infant mortality rate is declining at a moderating rate from 50.74 per thousand live birth in 2007 to 34 per thousand live birth in 2016.The government target to bring infant mortality rate to 28 by 2019 and maternal mortality ratio (MMR) to 100 by 2020 through various scheme and awareness programme such as JananiSurakshaYojana. Looking to this essential demand,one such new maternity benefit scheme is JananiSurakshaYojana. The Government of India had launched JananiSurakshaYojana (JSY) on April 12, 2005 as a part of the National Rural Health Mission(NRHM), to ensure safe motherhood and to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality.The main objectives of JSY scheme were to reduce Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) through encouraging institutional deliveries; particularly in below poverty line families. Under this scheme cash incentives are given to women who opt for institutional deliveries and also to the local health functionary who motivates the family for institutional delivery and helps them in obtaining ante-natal and post-natal services. The main components of the scheme are mobilizing the community with the help of intervention worker and providing cash assistance as an incentive for institutional delivery as a mean to reduce maternal and neonatal death. The scheme has ASHA as a key functionary for providing services and functioning as a link between healthcare delivery systems and the pregnant women.ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activists) who motivates the family for institutional delivery and helps them in obtaining ante-natal and post-natal services.Main role of ASHA is to facilitate pregnant women to avail services of maternal care and arrange referral transport andplay an important role in implementing the JSY at the grassroots level.Keeping in view of the above facts, the present study is undertaken with the following specific objectives: Objectives 1. To know the Socio-Economic and Personal Characteristics of the women beneficiaries of JananiSurakshaYojana scheme. 2. To study the knowledge level and attitude of women beneficiaries ofJananiSurakshaYojna scheme. 3. To explore the service utilization pattern provided underJananiSurakshaYojana among women beneficiaries. 4. To identify the constraints faced by beneficiaries ofJananiSurakshaYojanascheme. Methodology There are 20 blocks in Samastipur district out of which two blocks viz. Pusa and Kalyanpur were selected purposively. Out of these two blocks four villages from each block were selected randomly for study. From Pusa Block, Harpur and Mahmadda were selected and from Kalyanpur block, saidpur andMalinagar were selected purposively. 30 beneficiariesfromPusa block and 30 beneficiaries from Kalyanpur block were selected as sample for dataCollection. Major findings The study reveals that majority of the JSY women beneficiaries were belong to middle age group, economically backward classes (EBC), high school level of education, nuclear and small size of family, working in house wife, medium level of family annual income, member of more than one organization, mostly source of information given by ASHA, AWW and ANM. The findings showed that majority of respondents among 48.34 per cent of the respondents have high level of overall knowledge about JananiSurakshaYojana. In component wise level of knowledge of JSY beneficiaries have medium level of knowledge regarding JSY scheme.The relationship between socio-economic and personal profile with knowledge level about JSY scheme indicated that the variables education, family size, family annual income and attitude were found as significant correlation. Majority of the respondents having high level of knowledge 43.34 per cent about cash assistance.Correlation coefficient of socio- economic variables of respondents with knowledge level about cash assistance indicated that the variables caste, family annual income, social participation was found as significant correlation.Respondents had high level of knowledge about ASHA and Correlation coefficient between socio-economic and personal profile with knowledge about ASHA shows that the variables caste, education and source of information was found as significant correlation.Majority 63.3 per cent of the respondents have high level of knowledge about the registration timing.Correlation coefficient between socio-economic and personal profile with knowledge about timing of registration in JSY scheme indicated thatthe variables education, source of information and attitude were found as significant correlation. The finding reveals that a maximum 66.6 per cent of JSY women beneficiaries having favorable attitude about JSY scheme.Correlation coefficient between socio-economic and personal profile with the variables attitude about JSY scheme shows that the variables education, social participation and knowledge about JSY scheme were found as significant correlation. The finding shows that majority of the JSY women beneficiaries utilize medium level of antenatal and postnatal services provided in JSY scheme. The relationship of socio-economic variable with the antenatal and post natal service utilized by women beneficiaries shows that the variables age, caste, family size, family annual income, education, attitude and knowledge about cash assistance was found as significant. The multiple regression analysis indicated that in case of antenatal and postnatal service utilization pattern by women beneficiaries were the variables Caste, family income and source of information found as significant effect at 5 per cent level of probability. In case of antenatal stage F-value (1.718) was significant but in postnatal stage F- value (0.638) was found to be non-significant. Major constraints faced by women beneficiaries of JSY scheme to utilized JSY services Personal constraints, hospital, economic, socio-psychological and health constraints. Conclusion JSY had worked with objectives of reducing maternal and infant mortality by promoting institutional delivery among pregnant women. It was started in 2005 then, it played vital role in the reduction of MMR. So Government try to launch more and more scheme related with JSY to make the mother’s and child life safe and fruitful. The study concluded that the majority of beneficiaries i.e., 48.34 percent have high level of knowledge. This means that majority of beneficiaries were have knowledge about the JSY scheme. Majority of beneficiaries i.e., 66.6 percent have favorable attitude towards JSY scheme. 68.3 per cent of beneficiaries were utilizing antenatal services and 58.3 percent were utilizing postnatal services provided under JSY scheme. The major constraints for JSY beneficiaries were personal constraint (78.1per cent) and hospital constraint (73.6percent). For effective implementation of JSY scheme the frequency of visit by the medical supervisor and ANM should be increased.The ASHA and ANM need to be given training about motivates the family members and beneficiaries for promoting institutional delivery and helps them to well care during antenatal and postnatal stage. InAaganwadi centres need to given basic medical kit facilities and easily available for respondents. The major constraint is required to overcome for effective services utilized by the women beneficiaries with the aims to decrease the neo-natal and maternal deaths happening in the country by promoting institutional delivery.