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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × Author: Kumari, Chanda × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2018 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Diversity analysis of Early maturing rice genotypes under drought condition
    (Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2018) Kumari, Chanda; Nilanjaya
    Present study was carried out under rain out shelter at Rice Research farm of Dr.Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar using twenty five early maturing rice genotypes including the check Rajendra Bhagwati. The experimental materials were directly sown in completely Randomized Block Design with two replications to evaluate their genetic diversity under well aerated, non-puddled aerobic soil (without standing water) condition. The observations were recorded on fourteen putative traits viz. Days to flowering, Days to maturity, Plant height, Panicle length, spikelet fertility, Number of Tillers per plant, Spikelet fertility, 1000-grain weight, Relative water content in flag leaf, Recovery percent after stress, Chlorophyll content, Canopy temperature Harvest index and Grain yield per plant. The different statistical parameters used for interpretation of data were Analysis of variance, Genotypic and Phenotypic Coefficient of Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance, Correlation Coefficient analysis, Path Coefficient analysis and genetic diversity to study nature and magnitude of variability. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant variation among the genotypes for all the fourteen characters. From the variability studies, high estimates of GCV and PCV were observed for traits like number of Panicle length, No of Tillers per plant and Recovery percent after stress under stress at tillering stage and Panicle length, No of Tillers per plant and Flag leaf area under stress at flowering stage indicating their importance in selection for yield improvement under the stress condition at tillering and flowering stages. In present set of materials high heritability with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for number of Number of Tillers per plant, Recovery percent after stress, Harvest index and Grain yield per plant under both the stress conditions at tillering and flowering stages indicating preponderance of additive gene effect, which will help to make selection in early segregating generation. Panicle length, Spikelet fertility and Number of Tillers per plant exhibited significant positive correlation with Grain yield per plant under stress at tillering stage while under stress at flowering stage Panicle length, Spikelet fertility, Number of Tillers per plant, 1000 grain weight and Recovery percent after stress was found to have significant and positive correlation with the Grain yield per plant. The above mentioned characters exhibited positive and significant correlation with grain yield due to high direct effect. The 25 Rice genotypes were grouped into 6 clusters using Ward’s clustering method under both the stress conditions at tillering and flowering stages. Under stress condition at tillering stage the cluster I and I consists of 8 genotypes and was the largest cluster followed by cluster V consisting of 6 genotypes and under stress condition at flowering stage cluster I and cluster V consisting of 7 genotypes was the largest cluster followed by cluster III consisting of 4 genotypes. Highest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster VI and cluster III and cluster VI and IV under stress at tillering and flowering stages respectively. Therefore, genotypes from these clusters can be used in future rice combination breeding programme to get wide array of recombinants. Cluster III and cluster VI exhibited higher mean performance for maximum characters under both the stress conditions. Therefore selection of parents from this cluster for these traits would be effective. Grain yield per plant, Harvest index and Recovery percent after stress were major characters contributing towards genetic divergence under both the stress conditions.