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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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20203
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Subject: Family Resource Management × End date: 2020 × Start date: 2020 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A study on awareness towards rights of women consumers of Pusa block, Samastipur, Bihar
    (DRPCAU, Pusa, 2020) Pradhan, Supriya; Bala, Shivani
    Today, the era of advancements in science and technology anyone is facing some huge changes in all aspects of production and consumption patterns as consumer point of view. Consumers are the largest economic group and central point of economic activities. This study was mainly aimed to observed and investigate the socio-economic profile of the women, awareness towards rights, constraints faced by the respondents of a particular area. The study was conducted at Pusa block in Samastipur district of Bihar near by the Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University. For the purpose of the study, 60 sample size was selected purposively and 60 respondents were selected randomly. Some Personal, Demographic Variables and some Socio-Economic Variables were included as the independent variables while their awareness towards 8 different rights was taken as dependent variable for this experiment. Data were collected with the help of a pre-designed structured interview schedule. After collection of data to analyze the correlation among them, appropriate statistical tests and tools were applied and computed i.e. chi square analysis (SPSS), hypothesis analysis, ranking & cumulative frequency. Background profile of the respondents showed that majority of the respondents were of middle age group (58.3%), working (56.7%) and graduated (48.3%), having no occupation (46.7%), maximum (80%) were married, having joint family (66.7%) and belonged to general caste (53.3%). Respondents having personal income (31.7%) were belongs to Rs. 50,001-1,00,000 per month and family income, 40 percent belonged to under Rs. 3,00,000 per month. Surprisingly it was found that almost all the respondents (96.6%) were not having any social participation and were aware to the mass media exposure (76.7%) while they shopping. The study revealed that, cent percent of respondents were aware about 2 rights i.e. right to safety & right to inform. Whereas in right to safety, less no. of respondents had known about the factor i.e. seeing the product levels. On an average, majority of respondents (93.33%) were fully aware about right to choose which is based on different brands price, quality, quantity, & discount rates. Some of the respondents were aware about right to be heard while regarding consumer court the more no. of respondents were aware. Followed by right to seek redressal, an average whole respondents fifty percentage were aware about this. Awareness towards basic needs and healthy environments, some-how the respondents were aware. Most of the respondents were also aware about quality assurance standard marks. The variables viz. education, occupation & caste were found to be significant relation with awareness towards rights. Mass media exposure was also found to be positive & significant relation with awareness towards rights of respondents as a consumer. Variables viz. working status, age, marital status & family type were found non-significant relation with the awareness towards rights of respondents as a consumer. Income of the both family & personal and social participation were also found to be non-significant relation with awareness towards rights.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Ergonomic evaluation of rural women in Post- Harvest activity of agriculture
    (DRPCAU, Pusa, 2020) Tiwari, Anushka; Kala, Shishir
    For a long time, women have been the pillars in rice production globally. In India, Women in rustic areas have played important role and have made a remarkable contribution in post-harvest activity of paddy crop. According to (FAO, 1995) told that women are the backbone of the rustic economy in the developing world given the key role they play in contribution towards food security or rustic female workers produce lumpsum 50% of the total world food. Agriculture is an important engine for economic growth and a vigorous driver of poverty reduction in developing countries. (As per Census,2011) women workforce in agricultural and allied sectors is 98 million, which is 37% of full wage worker. According to the ADRI, Bihar agricultural sector is highly feminized with 50.2% of the total workforce in pre-post-harvest activity. Women performed almost all the agrarian activities from sowing to harvesting or post-harvest activity of crop. Post-harvest activity like cutting, drying, threshing, storing, cleaning almost all are done by rustic women and these agrarian tasks is consider as drudgery prone activities. It is often seen that some rustic female worker busy continuously in agrarian activity 6-9 hours in a repetitive or static position and it can affect the female body health in a badly way. Due to continuously engaged in agrarian task it can harm the muscles of rustic female workers. Agrarian task can affect physically, mentally and health related problem for rustic female workers. The main reason of their sufferings is lack of knowledge or ignorance about technology and continuously worked in field in a bad posture, practices. Research was conducts on rustic female workers group with objectives and compared between groups to assess the physiological work load and muscles related pain (MSD). The Research was conducted in Samastipur district under the Bihar state. There are 38 districts in Bihar state and Samastipur district is one of 38 districts of Bihar state. The selected districts also boast of a Dr. Rajendra Prasad central Agricultural university Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar. From each selected village 30 female workers were choose by experimental was conducted on control group i.e. fifteen female workers from both the selected villages or further information were collected by the help of interview schedule method. The aim of this research is to estimate the ergonomic evaluation of rural women in post-harvest activity of agriculture. Keep in view the objectives of the research, related information was collected pertaining to socio-economic description and anthropometric description of female workers, ergonomic analysis, physiological problem or hazards during post-harvest activity of agriculture paddy crop. For the analysis of the research suitable formula and method was applied i.e. Percentage, mean, standard deviation and Levene’s test applied for getting accuracy of the results. The result of the research is highlighted that socio- economic profile of rustic women in daily and non-daily basis group was found different. In daily basis worker group majority of interviewees (36.6%) found in 20-30years age. While in non-daily basis group a greater number of interviewees (36.6%) was seen in 40-50 years category of age. Whereas in a Daily group maximum interviewee (66.6%) had in nuclear family and in non-daily worker group (60%) interviewees had in joint family type. Under daily worker group is concerned maximum interviewees (46.6%) had in middle family size. In case of non- daily workers interviewees (46.6%) had in middle family. Whereas in daily basis worker group vast majority of interviewees (53.3%) were illiterate and in non-daily basis group maximum interviewees (33.3%) were in primary school. In case of daily basis group maximum interviewee (46.6%) had medium family education but in non-daily workers group majority of interviewees (40%) had medium family education. In case of daily workers group a greater number of interviewees (50%) had their income under Rs/-5000-10000 while in non-daily group (33,3%) interviewees had their income under below-Rs/- 5000. In daily worker group a greater number of interviewees (60%) were not member of any organization while in non-daily basis worker group majority of interviewees (46.6%) were member of one organization. Under daily basis worker maximum interviewees 20 were working for 3-6 hours or in case of non-daily basis workers group maximum interviewee 22 were engaged 0 to 3 working hours. The result of the research clear that the anthropometric description of the female workers engaged on daily basis or non-daily basis was found different. In Daily basis workers group maximum interviewee (53.3%) were under the range of 145 to 155 body height and in the case of non-daily group maximum interviewees (60%) were in the range of 145-155 height. Whereas in daily basis worker group majority of interviewees (56.6%) had in the range of 50-60 kg body weight but in non-daily basis group (40%) interviewees had under in the range of 60-70k.g. body weight. In Daily worker group majority of interviewees (50%) were under normal BMI. While in non-daily basis workers group maximum interviewee (46.6%) were found in normal BMI. In daily basis group majority of interviewees (56.6%) were under pre-hypertension of S.B.P. and in non-daily group a greater number of interviewees (50%) were in pre-hypertension category of S.B.P. Under daily worker group maximum number of interviewees (50%) were under hypertension stage 1 in D.B.P. or in non-daily worker group maximum interviewees (60%) were under pre-hypertension in D.B.P. Whereas daily basis workers group maximum number of interviewee (60%) were in the range of 80-100 pulse rate. While in non-daily basis group maximum number of interviewees (50%) were in the range of 80-100 pulse rate. The Levene’s test was applied to comparison between daily and non-daily basis workers group. The results pertaining to ergonomic evaluation of rustic women showed physiological data daily basis worker group. In daily worker group majority of interviewees average energy expenditure was higher in cutting (8.066), threshing (8.63) than non-daily basis group cutting (8.575), threshing (8.63) respectively. In daily basis group total cardiac cost of work in cutting (164.4), threshing (59.11) and physiological cost of female worker were found to be cutting (548.1), threshing (191.1) while in non-daily basis group TCCW in cutting (36.4), threshing (58.22) and PCW in cutting (121.4) , threshing (188.8). The result pertaining the posture inclination which indicated that the daily basis workers group was under medium risk category and non-daily worker group was under low risk category during cutting and threshing activity of paddy crop. The result pertaining the physical, environmental and accidental problem during post-harvest activity of paddy crop. It was clear from the result that daily basis worker faced many problems than non-daily basis group due to continuously work.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Household waste management through the production of Vermicompost
    (DRPCAU, Pusa, 2020) Arya, Nisha; Kala, Shishir
    Couple of things that are undeniable in natural life for example death, change and the other one is waste. Nothing we can do with the first two, but the waste can be managed and reduced by applying proper management strategies. ‘Waste’ is considered as a global issue. As per the data revealed by the World Bank (2018), stated that 90 per cent of the waste amenably discarded in the landfill sites. The organic waste fraction varies between 40 and 60 per cent of the total solid waste streams of India. By knowing all these things modern science has been proved that there’s no material in the world which is not useful in one way or other and change the definition of waste. Vermicomposting, as a tool of Household Waste Management, is organized conversion of household’s organic waste into a bio-fertilizer (vermicompost) with the help of earthworms. The present study was conducted in University’s residential area Pusa, Bihar. This study was examined to identify the feasibility of vermicomposting in the University residential area and its benefits as a Household Waste Management methods in Pusa. Therefore, by keeping all the aspects into consideration, the following objectives have been taken to study: To study the socio-personal and economic profile of respondents, to assess the biodegradable and non- biodegradable waste per household, to analyze possible revenue generation from household waste through vermicomposting and to observe the constraint perceived and suggestions for improvement in the process of household waste management. Study flagged that there was no relationship of caste, religion and marital status on knowledge on waste management methods. The findings from the study showed that ‘r’ value 0.307 showed a modest positive relationship between total family incomes with KAP. The relationship between the education level with knowledge and practices was ‘r’ value 0.579 which was the most significant at 5% level and indicated sturdy positive relationships. Only 2 per cent gap displayed between the respondent’s knowledge and practices towards the HWM through Vermicomposting which verified that respondents who had less knowledge regarding HWM through vermicomposting were also participating in HWM through management. It was found that mostly woman were responsible for the waste separation and management activities at home. Approximately 55 per cent of the respondents were willingly agreed to pay an additional amount for HWM through vermicomposting. The study pop attention to the verdicts which revealed that each individual generated 0.31kg of waste per capita per day and 1.12 kg of waste per household in Pusa who are residing at the university’s residential campus. Maximum people agreed that HWM through vermicompost creates prominent impact on environment. The study also specified that cost-benefit analysis on HWM through vermicomposting was found 1.44 which proved that has the additional efficiency to generate glowing employment with the improving environment and health benefits. There were no major constraints perceived by respondents, but they suggested to the door to door service providers to fixed proper time every day. It is evinced that the project on HWM through vermicomposting initiated by the University gives a hilarious outcome. Therefore, it can be concluded that the vermicomposting technology, feeding two birds with one scone as this is an environmentally friendly process, managing household waste and provides useful product for sustainable agriculture applications with a fringe benefit that it could also generate revenue and employment.