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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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20171
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Subject: Agronomy × Author: Naz, Shaheen × End date: 2017 × Start date: 2017 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of weed management and planting methods on growth and yield of direct seeded rice.
    (Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), 2017) Naz, Shaheen; Nandan, Ravi
    A field experiment was planned and conducted duringkharif season of 2016 at the Research Farm of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur(Bihar) to investigate the “Effect of weed management and planting methods on growth and yield of direct seeded rice.” The experiment was laid outin split plot design with three replications.Treatments consisted ofthree planting methods in main plots (M1 : Puddled, M2 : Zero-tillage and M3 : Dry-seeding ) and seven weed management practices in sub-plots ( T1 : Pendimethalin @ 1.0 Kg/ha(PE), T2: Pretilachlor @ 1.5 Kg/ha (PE), T3: Pendimethalin @ 1.0 Kg/ha(PE)fbone hand weeding at 30 DAS, T4: Pretilachlor @ 1.5 Kg/ha(PE)fbone hand weeding at 30 DAS, T5 : Dhaincha(Sesbaniaaculeata)fb2,4-D @ 1 Kg/ha at 25 DAS, T6 : Two handweedings at 20 and 40 DAS, T7 : Weedy check. The crop variety RajendraBhagwati was sown on 3 July, 2016. Observations on various growth parameters, yield attributes and yield were recorded. Studies were made on total weed count, weed dry matter accumulation, weed control efficiency and weed index. Weeds were collected at 90 DAS for estimation of nutrients (N,P and K) and their uptake by weeds. The grain and straw samples at harvest were collected for estimation of nitrogen, phosphorus, potash and total uptake of NPK. Finally, the economics of different treatments were worked out. Weed management treatments significantly influenced various growth parameters, yield attributes and yield of rice crop. Plant height, number of tillers/m2, plant dry matter accumulation, yield attributes and yield had significantly higher underpuddled planting method (M1) followed by M2- zero-tillage planting method(M2). Among weed management practices,the corresponding values were recorded higher under treatment T6 (two hand weedings at 20 and 40 DAS) followed by T4 (Pretilachlor @ 1.5 kg/ha (PE) fbone hand weeding at 30 DAS. The prominent annual weeds found in the experimental plot were grasses:Cyanodondactylon and Echinochloacolonum, Echinochloacrusgalli; sedges: Cyperusrotundus,Cyperusiriaand among broad–leavedweeds,Caesuliaaxillaris,Eclipta alba, Phyllanthusniruri, Cannabissativa, Physallisminima, Ageratumconyzoides, Dactylocteniumaegyptium. All the weed control treatments reduced the weed population and weed dry weight,significantly over weedy check. Among planting methods,M1(puddled)had the minimum weed population and weed dry weight followed significantly by M2(zero-tillage) and M3(dry-seeding). Among weed management treatments, hand weeding twice at 20 and 40 DAS (T6) reduced the weed population and weed dry weight significantly. This was closely followed by Pendimethalin @ 1.5 kg/ha(PE) at 30 DAS (T4) and Pretilachlor @ 1.5 kg/ha at 30 DAS (T3) being statistically alive. The weed control efficiency was found to be maximum under two hand weedings at 20 and 40 DAS (T6) followed by treatment T4 and T3 while the weed index was recorded to be minimum under (T4) Pretilachlor @ 1.5kg/ha(PE)fbone hand weeding at 30 DAS. Among planting methods, treatment M1 (puddled)generatedmaximum gross return ( 61,237/ha) and net return ( 34,088/ha) with B:C ratio of 1.25 and was found significantly superior over M2 (zero-tillage) and M3 (dry-seeding). Among weed management treatments, highest gross return ( 65,356/ha) and net return ( 34,366/ha) were recorded under T6 (two hand weedings at 20 and 40 DAS)which however, was found statistically at par with T5- Dhaincha(Sesbaniaaculeata)fb2,4-D at 25 DAS which generated a net return of 33,986/ha. Sofar as B:C ratio was concerned, treatment T5 (Dhaincha (Sesbaniaaculaeta) fb2,4-D at25 DAS) recorded highest B:C ratio of 1.38 and was found significantly superior over rest of the weed management practices. The lowest B:C ratio was obtained under weedy check (0.53).