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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Open Access IN VITRO PROPAGATION STUDIES ON VANILLA {Vanilla planifolia Andr.)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-08-31) V. S. NEELANNAVAR; S. S. PATILAn investigation on "in vitro propagation studies on vanilla (VanUla planifolia Andr.)/ was carried out during 2003-2005 at the tissue culture laboratory of department of horticulture, college of agriculture, UAS, Dharwad. In the present investigation five sub experiment were carried out by following CRD design in order to find out best explant, gelling agent, growth regulators for shoot and root initiation and hardening media. Regarding the suitability of explants, axillary bud and shot tip were the best for culture establishment, by producing more number of adventitious shoots with early emergence of primordia. Among the gels used for standardization, sago at 50 g/1 + agar lg/1 emerged as the sole replacement of agar, which gave best result in terms of shoot proliferation and subsequent growth. With respect to cost, sago at 50 g/1 + agar lg/1 was best replacement for agar which minimized the cost by four times. Among BAP concentration, 1.0 mg/1 produced more number of better sized shoots. Among the IBA concentration used, the maximum number of roots with good length in short time were observed on 0.5 mg/1 IBA supplemented media. Soil + coco coirpith (1:1) and sand + soil + coco coirpith (1:1:1) medium gave 100% survival percentage at 15 and 45 days after transfer to hcurdening media and plantlets so hardened were more vigorous.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NITROGEN AND DATES OF PLANTING ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF STEVIA (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-08-31) H. M. MAHESHWAR; S. G ANGADISugar forms an indispensable ingredient in the food habits of human beings. The production of cane sugar has been of the order 240 million tonnes and that of beet sugar 19,500 tonnes in India. Though, these sugars have sweetening qualities, yet they have been found to contribute to calories and are not advised for consumption by diabetic patients. For these people, the world of sweetness has seen a sweeter change in recent past with the introduction of Stevia sugar obtained from leaves of Stevia containing compounds about 250 times as sweet as table sugar and 300 times sweeter than sucrose. The plant height (56.80 cm) was found to be significantly higher with the application of nitrogen @ 105 kg per ha. The maximum number of leaves (454.50) was recorded with 105 kg per ha nitrogen application. This treatment was on par with 90 kg nitrogen per ha. Higher number of branches (48.39) was recorded with 105 kg nitrogen per ha. High biomass yield (43.82 t/ha) was recorded by application of 105 kg nitrogen per ha. Maximum fresh and dry leaf yield (13.87 t/ha and 3.54 t/ha, respectively) nitrogen as compared to other levels of nitrogen. Dry matter production was also recorded high (126.41 g/plant) in 105 kg nitrogen per ha application as compared to other levels of nitrogen. Maximum leaf area (5667.23 cm2/plant) and leaf area index (5.58 cm^/plant) were recorded in 105 kg nitrogen per ha, which was on par with 90 kg nitrogen per ha (5610.04 cm2/plant). Leaf nitrogen percentage (1.54%) was found to be more with application of 105 kg nitrogen per ha, 105 and 90 kg nitrogen per ha were on par with each other with respect to most of the growth and yield attributes. Hence, 90 kg nitrogen per ha is more economical.ThesisItem Open Access WIICROPROPAGATION OF GINGER (Zingiber officinale Rose.)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-08-31) RAJANI C. HIREMATH; S. S. PATILAn investigation on micropropagation of zinger [Zingiber officinale Rose.) was carried out during 2004-06 at the Tissue Culture Laboratory of Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. In the present investigation five sub experiments were carried out by following CRD design and T test in order to find out best surface sterilizer, explant, shooting media, rooting media and hardening material. Regarding the suitability of explants, shoot tip was the best for culture establishment by producing more number of adventitious shoots in a shorter period of time i.e., early emergence of primordial than the axillary bud. The study on surface sterilization revealed that explants treated with 0.1 per cent mercuric chloride for 12 minutes, showed the highest aseptic culture establishment. Among the two different explants viz., shoot tips axillary buds treated, shoot tips gave maximum survival percentage and healthy culture establishment. Early response for sprouting and better culture establishment of shoot tip were observed on Murashige and Skoog (MS medium). Among the cytokinins, BAP and kinetin at different concentrations, 2.0 mg/1 BAP. Produced more number of multiple shoots. Media with the highest cytokinin concentration showed the maximum number of multiple shoots and lowest length of shoots. On cytokinin free medium single shoot with maximum length were produced. Among the auxins used in the rooting experiment the maximum number of roots, with less number of day taken for initiation were observed on 1 mg/1 IBA supplemented medium. NAA was found less effective than IBA. On auxin free medium maximum root length was produced. Peat medium gave highest survival percentage at 15 and 30 days after transfer to hardening media and better vigour of the plantlets were observed in peat media, followed by vermiculture and sand media.ThesisItem Open Access TISSUE CULTURE STUDIES IN SAFED MUSLI {Chlorophytum borivilianum Sant and Fern.)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-08-31) MALLIKARJUN S. BIRADAR; S. G. ANGADIThe present investigation on tissue culture studies in safed musli (Chlorophytum borivilianum Sant and Fern.) was carried out during 2004- 05 at the tissue culture laboratory of Horticulture Department, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. In the present study, sub experiments were conducted by applying CRD design, in order to find out the best explant and growth regulator concentration for shoot and root morphogenesis of safed musli and also plantlets were assessed for hardening under different growing conditions. Four different explants were used in the investigation. Among them, stem disc and shoot base explants on Murashigae and Skoog (MS) media showed better response in terms of early initiation of culture, culture establishment and number of shoots. Both leaf base and tuber explants gave very poor response. Among growth regulator concentration assessed for standardization, MS medium containing 2 mg/1 BAP gave more number of leaves, shoots and maximum shoot length. The high (+++) and intense response of root proliferation was observed on full strength of MS medium at 2"^ and 4*^ week respectively after inoculation with the increasing concentration (2 to 3 mg/1) for indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and benzyl amino purine (BAP) at 2 mg/1. Transferred safed musli plantlets established better under net house condition compare to direct exposure into the field. Micro propagation seems to be the best method compared with other methods of multiplication. In safed musli in vitro method increased the rate of multiplication while combating the problem of long tuber dormancy to facilitate for growing were than one crop per yearThesisItem Open Access INFLUENCE OF ORGANIC MANURES AND GROWTH REGULATORS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF COLEUS {Coleus forskohlii Briq.)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-08-31) SUNILKUMAR, G. S.; J. C. MATHADStudies were conducted to find out the influence of organic i, and growth regulators on growth and yield of Coleus {Coleus fa, Briq.). Among the organic manures applied in combination, poi manure + vermicompost, 1:3.37 excelled in morphological characters 1 plant height, plant spread, number of branches per plant, number leaves per plant and leaf area at 120 DAT. But in sole application o. manures, vermicompost, 6 t/ha has recorded higher values for all morphological characters by following the same trend as seen in the different organic manures applied in combination to the crop. With respect to yield parameters, the treatment poultry manure + vermicompost, 1:3.37 had the highest number of tubers per plant (24.70), length of tubers (25.05 cm), diameter of tuber (1.85 cm), volume of tuber (242.03 cc), fresh weight of tubers (247.44 g/plant), dry weight of tuber (45.03 g/plant), yield of tubers (3.44 t/ha) and harvest index (33.2%). In sole application of organic manures, vermicompost, 6 t / ha traced the same trend as that of other combination treatments. With regards to application of growth regulators, CCC, 1000 ppm recorded the highest reduction in plant height and produced more number of leaves per plant, number of branches per plant, plant spread and leaf area as compared to other treatments. The yield and yield parameters were also significantly influenced by application of growth regulators. The CCC, 1000 ppm recorded the highest number of tubers per plant (30.48), length of tubers (27.85 cm), diameter of tuber (1.96 cm), volume of tuber (246.96 cc), fresh weight of tubers (260.28 g/plant), diy weight of tuber (46.55 g/plant), yield of tuber (2.77 t/ha) and harvest index (47.3%).ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF GLADIOLUS HYBRIDS (Gladiolus hybridus Hort.) FOR YIELD AND QUALITY CUT FLOWER PRODUCTION(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-08-31) ARCHANA B., BHAJANTRI; A. A. PATILNo AbstractThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF CHINA ASTER (Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-08-31) CHAITRA R.; V. S. PATILA field experiment was conducted at new orchard. Floriculture unit. Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, during roJbi season of 2005-06 to study the effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield and quality of china aster. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 3 replications and 12 treatment combinations, comprising of inorganic fertilizers organic manures and biofertilizers. The treatment receiving Azospirillun% PSB, vermicompost and 50 per cent recommended NPK recorded the highest plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, dry matter accumulation and yield attributes such as number of flowers per plant and flower yield. Significantly higher available nutrients (N P2O5 and K2O) and their uptake by plants was recorded in treatment receiving Azo + PSB. vermicompost and 50% recommended NPK. Application of Azo + PSB + VC + 50% recommended NPK registered significantly higher quality parameters such as stalk length, flower diameter, shelf life of loose flowers and vase life of cut flowers. The economic analysis clearly indicated that net retums/ha and B:C ratio was the highest in the plots treated with Azo + PSB + VC + 50% recommended NPK (Rs. 1.06.695.00 and 4.10 respectively) and this finding can be used in making china aster production more profitableThesisItem Open Access GENETIC STUDIES IN SEGREGATING SINGLE AND DOUBLE CROSS F2 POPULATION OF PURPLE BRINJAL {Solanum melongena L.)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-08-31) MANOJ C. NAIK; R. V. PATILAn investigation was undertaken in brinjal {Solarium melongena L.) to compare the single cross and double cross Fi hybrids, to assess the magnitude of variability in F2 generation, to know the extent of residual heterosis present in F2 and to isolate economic segregants for yield and yield attributing characters in segregating single and double cross F2 populations. The study on comparison of the SCFi and DCFis revealed that the crosses S.C.H.N.12 x S.C.H.N.15 and S.C.H.N.12 x S.C.H.N.16 were potential heterotic DCFis. The yielding capacity of S.C.H.N.12 x S.C.H.N.15 was 1.87 kg per plant (32.16 % CV) and it had 145.30% and 54.93% heterosis over commercial check and best SCFi respectively. The CV of DCFis range from 32.16 per cent to 50.86per cent for yield per plant, 13.68 to 17.09 per cent for fruit weight and 39.09 to 46.13% for no. of fruits per plant. The analysis of variability indicated DCF2 population had greater genetic variability over SCF2 for all characters as exhibited by higher values for mean, range, CV (%), PV, GV, PCV and GCV values. S.C.H.N.12 among SCF2 and R-I/12 x 15 (2- 16), R-I/12 X 15 (3-22) and R-1/16 x 18 (4-34) in DCF2 were potential segregating population with highest variability as indicated by higher PCV and GCV values. The residual heterosis in F2 range from 57.22 [R-I/12 x 17 (4-41)] to 71.51per cent (S.C.H.N. 18) in the population for yield per plant. All the DCF2 and S.C.H.N.12 had higher mean values for yield per plant as compared to CC and local check. Among DCF2, R-I/12 x 15 (2-16) and R-I/12 x 16 (2-18) and S.C.H.N.12 in SCF2 exhibited higher frequency of desirable economic segregants for yield per plant. The R-I/12 x 15 (2-16) (2-13 and R-I/ 16 x 18 (4-34) (3-22) were the selections made for further development into purelines after repeated selling.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF PROMISING HYBRIDS OF GIAOIOLUS(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-08-31) RASHMI.L; A. A. PATILThe present investigations on 10 hybrids and one check variety of Gladiolus hybridus were carried out to know their performance and to findout their suitability for cut flower production under transitional tract of Karnataka. There were significant variations for all the characters among the genotypes studied. Dharwad-10, Dharwad-1, Dharwad-3, Dharwad-7 and Dharwad-5 showed superior performance over other hybrids and also check variety with respect to number of days taken for first floret to open, spike length, number of florets per spike, rachis length and dormancy period etc. Spike characters are important with regard to cut flower production in gladiolus especially when we consider quality. The hybrids under study have shown significant differences with respect to spike length, spike girth, rachis length and weight of the spike. Spike length showed a significant positive correlation with average weight of corm (planted), plant height, girth of spike, weight of the spike, rachis length, number of florets per spike and number of cormels per plant at genotypic level. The highest direct effect on spike length was observed in case of number of days taken for first floret to open, number of florets per spike average weight of corm planted, length of the rachis and number of cormels per plant. The present study revealed that the improvement in gladiolus for qualitative and quantitative characters can be done by direct selection for desired characters like average weight of corm (planted), number of florets per spike, marketable spike per plant, number of cormels per plant and number of days taken for first floret to open.