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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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Subject: Crop Physiology × End date: 2025 × Start date: 2023 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ASSESSING THE ESSENTIALITY OF A FEW GENES IN BUD BREAK AND RESUMPTION OF GROWTH IN MULBERRY
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2023-03-29) SHRIDHAR, S.; NATARAJA KARABA N.
    Mulberry (Morus spp.) is a perennial tree system economically cultivated for its foliage production. To improve foliage production and the sustainability of the sericulture industry, achieving early and rapid bud break is essential. However, the molecular mechanism regulating bud break in mulberry is not well understood. Therefore, this study aimed to identify genes involved in regulating the mechanism of bud break in mulberry. Over fifty genes belonging to key pathways in bud break were selected from a previously generated transcriptome, and their relevance was assessed through in-silico expression analysis using e- northern expression browser available at the Botany Array Resource (BAR) platform. Further, in-vivo expression analysis was carried out using qRT-PCR for 19 genes representing multiple pathways at different time intervals post-induction of bud break. Expression analysis showed that mulberry bud break is tightly controlled by phytohormones, symplastic connectivity, cell cycle and redox signalling. Key genes such as GA signalling genes, symplastic connectivity restoration genes, branching signal integrator genes, and sugar transporter genes were significantly upregulated post-induction of bud break, indicating their positive role in bud burst. In contrast, genes linked to ABA signalling and perception, strigolactone signalling, MADS-box family, and antioxidant-system-linked genes were significantly downregulated post-bud break induction. Further, two uncharacterized genes, DUF1068-like and RRM-like, were functionally validated using post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) assay using tobacco rattle virus-based gene silencing vector in Nicotiana benthamiana for their role in growth and development. Silencing of both RRM and DUF1068 resulted in increased axillary bud break and branching, indicating their crucial role in bud growth and development. Overall, the study provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying bud break in mulberry and highlighted the importance of various regulatory pathways involved in this process.
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    INFLUENCE OF ACQUIRED TOLERANCE IN IMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY OF COWPEA GENOTYPES UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURE STRESS
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2023-03-29) ADARSH KUMAR, M.; PRAKASH KOLER
    Cowpea is mainly grown in the arid and semiarid regions at the global level. Studies have shown that temperature above 35oC affects the physiological processes and decreases the grain yield of cowpea. Hence, identification of thermotolerant genotypes is necessary. In this regard, one hundred ninety-one genotypes were screened for yield attributes under field conditions at two locations (Bangalore and Raichur). The crop was exposed to a higher mean maximum temperature by 7.2oC at Raichur compared to Bangalore during the entire crop growth period. The plants experienced high levels of heat stress at Raichur compared to that of Bangalore which led to increase in mean leaf temperature, decreased mean SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR), total dry matter (TDM) and other yield attributing traits studied. Tolerant cowpea genotypes showed minimum reduction in total dry matter compared to susceptible genotypes between two locations. Further 20 contrasting genotypes differing in total dry matter were identified and screened for cellular level tolerance using temperature induction response approach (TIR). The contrasting genotypes selected at the field level exhibited similar levels of thermotolerance, wherein the tolerant genotypes showed minimum reduction in root length and maximum seedling survival compared to the susceptible genotypes. The tolerant genotypes IC-402172, EC-458453, EC- 458470, NBC-21, NBC-14, EC-394708, CB-10, IC-458430, IC-249588 and EC-458490 which exhibited the tolerance for high temperature at both field and TIR can be used for further crop improvement programme. Present study revealed that few cowpea genotypes can sustain the temperature up to 35oC without compromising the total dry matter.
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    NANO UREA AND NANO ZINC: IMPACT ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH IN FINGER MILLET (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn)
    (2023-02-02) BASWARAJ; Dr. A.G. SHANKAR
    The productivity of rain fed crop mainly depends on early seedling establishment and agricultural practices like fertilizer use. A good seedling establishment depends on the seedling vigour index which is agronomical trait and sign of potential seed germination, seedling growth and tolerance to adverse climatic factors. It significantly improves the speed, uniformity and the percentage of germination and it also depends on fertilizer application. But major limitation of conventional fertilizers is low nutrient use efficiency and high cost. One important approach to address this issue is to use nano fertilizers. Nano particles are having high surface area, high reactivity, better catalytic activity and rapidly dispersible properties which support better uptake of nutrients in turn increases the yield. We did the germination experiment among the finger millet genotypes and selected the low and high seedling vigour varieties which are GPU 28 and KMR 204 respectively. These varieties used for nano fertilizer application by different treatments like seed priming(1ml/L), foliar application(2ml/L) and combination of both by nano urea and nano zinc in pot culture and compared with recommended dose of fertilizers. We didn’t get any significant results for nano urea when compared to recommended dose of fertilizers but nano zinc showed better performance like recommended dose of fertilize in root length, shoot length biomass and as well as yield parameters. Lower lipid peroxidation and accumulation of free radicles was observed in nano zinc but not in nano urea indicating significance of nano zinc in improving finger millet productivity.
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    CHARACTERIZATION OF DOUBLED HAPLOID RICE LINES FOR PRODUCTIVITY AND THE PYRAMIDED DROUGHT ADAPTIVE TRAITS
    (2023-01-11) MEGHANA, J.; MOHAN RAJU, B.
    Numerous pertinent drought adaptive features control the exceedingly complex phenomenon of drought tolerance. Therefore, the ideal way to improve drought tolerance is to pyramid all the relevant drought adaptive features onto an agronomically superior background. Pyramiding traits using traditional breeding methods takes longer than it does with doubled haploid (DH) technology. Towards pyramiding drought adaptive traits, TIL 14 (Trait introgressed line) having root and water use efficiency traits was crossed with cellular level tolerance donor line, AC 39000 and anthers from the resultant F1 plants were cultured in-vitro and spontaneously developed DH lines were produced previously. In the present study, developed DH lines were phenotyped for pyramided drought adaptive traits such as cellular level tolerance (CLT), root and water use efficiency (WUE) to check whether or not the pyramided traits found in them. Accordingly, wide variability found among DH lines for pyramided drought adaptive traits and some of the DH lines had all the pyramided traits with the traits value similar to and in some cases, more than the parents. Further, DH lines also showed wider variability for growth and productivity both under aerobic and puddled condition with greater stability. Based on traits value and grain yield, two best DH lines namely, DH-121 and DH-22 were identified as potential lines. When these best DH lines were examined for stress response, they were found to be tolerant to both PEG induced osmotic stress and NaCl induced salinity stress over their susceptible counterparts suggesting the importance of pyramiding drought adaptive traits together.