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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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Subject: Crop Physiology × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2009 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Molecular characterization of Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. genotypes for variability in zinc content and development of transgenics with high grain zinc
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2009-10-19) YAMUNA RANI, B. R.; SHANKAR, A. G.
    Zinc deficiency ranks fifth among the most important health risk factors throughout the world. Zn plays a crucial role in structure and function of various proteins, including enzymes, transcription factors, hormonal receptor sites and biological membranes of all organisms. Because Zn plays multiple roles in plant biochemical and physiological processes, even slight deficiencies will cause a decrease in growth, yield and zinc content of edible parts. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the physiological and molecular details of how plants take up, translocate and store zinc. The inadequate amount of Zn in plants has lead to serious health concern to humans. In this regard any approach to improve the Zn content in edible parts is a need of hour. Biofortification, a new approach that relies on conventional plant breeding and modern biotechnology to increase the micronutrient density of staple crops. In the present study we assessed the grain Zn content in different finger millet genotypes and studied the distribution of Zn in different plant tissues and analysed the expression of Zn transporter genes in contrasting genotypes of finger millet grown in presence of various levels of Zn. The results revealed that the contrasting genotypes exhibit differential response in Zn uptake and translocation to shoots from roots subjected to external Zn application. Similarly ZIP family transporters of Zn are differentially expressed in leaves and roots of finger millet under different level of Zn treatments, however, ZIP1 transcript level is high under Zn deficient conditions. The role of AtZIP3 transporter gene was studied in Arabidopsis mutants and showed decreased Zn content in roots suggesting the AtZIP3 was involved in uptake rather than translocation to shoots. Transgenic plants of tobacco and finger millet expressing OsZIP1 were also developed. The transgenic finger millet plants showed better assimilation and gas exchange parameters than wild type plants. Transgenic expressing OsZIP1 under the control of endosperm specific promoter (Bx17) showed higher levels of zinc in grains compared to OsZIP1 plants under constitutive (CaMV35S) promoter, therefore tissue specific expression is a promising approach.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC VARIABILITY IN ZINC ACQUISITION AND SEED ZINC CONTENT IN DIVERSIFIED RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES: THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CONTRASTING TYPES
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2009-02-10) NAGARATHNA, T K; Shankar, A G
    Micronutrients are essential for balanced nutrition in plants and animals (Welch and Graham, 1999; Graham et al., 2001). Recent evidence suggests that zinc is absolutely essential for the normal healthy growth and reproduction of all higher plants, animals and humans and is therefore called an "essential trace element" or a "micronutrient". Further, zinc has been shown to be of great importance to human development and immune function (Hambidge, 2000). Zinc, iron and iodine are the mineral micronutrients most frequently deficient in humans. Micronutrient malnutrition now afflicts over two billion people worldwide. Zinc plays multiple important roles in the various physiological and metabolic processes of plants and may limit plant growth. In many soils, either zinc is not present (Cakmak et al., 1996), or the soil’s physiochemical composition does not allow for uptake by plant roots. Plants yield less when grown in soils where zinc is not available and has a lower nutritional quality.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Cloning and functional characterization of moisture stress responsive transcription factors from finger millet(Eleusine coracana(L) Gaertn)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, 2009-04-29) H. V, Ramegowda; M, Udayakumar
    Abiotic stress tolerance is a multigenic trait and genetic manipulation to improve stress tolerance in model system has no doubt provided leads in identifying the relevant mechanisms and also genes, especially upstream regulatory genes, regulating this trait. Since the threshold for tolerance differs amongst the species, identification and functional characterization of genes from stress adapted crop species forms an important theme of crop abiotic stress functional genomics. Further, the emphasis has been on signaling pathways, in particular transcription factors (TFs) that trigger protective genes bringing about not only enhanced plant survival per se but also improving crop productivity under stressful environment. The present study involves identification and functional characterization of stressresponsive TFs from stress adapted species finger millet. Initially, gradual drought stress was imposed by gravimetric method simulating field situation and drought stress specific cDNA library was constructed from the leaf tissue. Following genome synteny as an approach six TFs, belonging to MYC, bZIP (GBF1 and GBF3), NAC and Zn-finger (two) TF super-family, have been identified by plaque hybridization using diverse stress responsive rice TF genes as probes. The stress responsive nature of these TFs has been revalidated by semi-quantitative and quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis. Adapting RNAi based reverse-genetic approach, the functional relevance of NAC and MYC genes in stress tolerance was demonstrated in model system tobacco. Further, full-length cDNA clones of NAC and GBF1 were derived from finger millet and expressed under constitutive or stress-inducible promoter in tobacco. The functional significance of EcNAC1 gene was demonstrated using various abiotic stress screens and a few possible NAC target genes were studied by semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis. The results from empirical screening of T1 transgenic plants under various abiotic stresses and also the induced expression of probable target genes of NAC provide strong in vivo evidence that EcNAC1 plays positive role in stress adaptation.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    ThesisItemOpen Access