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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF COFFEE PULP EFFLUENT IRRIGATION, NUTRIENT LEVELS AND MICROBIAL CULTURE ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF BANANA (Musa paradisiaca L.)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2009-08-17) BASAVALINGAIAH; BHASKAR, S.A field experiment was conducted at Kollibylu, Chikmagalur district, Karnataka during the year 2006 to 2009 to study the “Effect of coffee pulp effluent irrigation, nutrient levels and microbial culture on growth and yield of banana (Musa paradisiaca. L.)”. Alternate irrigation with lime treated effluent and fresh water with microbial culture recorded maximum bunch yield of banana plant and ratoon crop (75.1 and 69.6 tha-1, respectively). The highest TSS of banana was recorded in raw effluent irrigation without microbial culture (25.85 and 25.98%, plant and ratoon crop, respectively). Reducing sugars and total sugars were found highest in lime treated effluent irrigation without microbial culture (21.68 and 24.34%, respectively) in banana plant crop. However, reducing sugars and total sugars in banana ratoon crop were found to be maximum in raw effluent irrigation without microbial culture (21.37 and 24.14%, respectively). Alternate irrigation with lime treated effluent with 50% nitrogen recorded maximum bunch yield of banana plant and ratoon crop (71.8 and 67.1 tha-1, respectively). The highest values of TSS, reducing sugars and total sugars in banana plant and ratoon crop were recorded in lime treated effluent irrigation without nitrogen (25.1% and 25.1%, 22.39 and 22.90%, 25.49 and 26.01%, respectively). Alternate irrigation with lime treated effluent and fresh water with microbial culture recorded maximum net returns and B:C ratio both in plant and ratoon crop (Rs.2,88,330 ha-1 and Rs.3,12,937 ha-1, 3.31 and 8.99, respectively). Net returns and B:C ratio were also maximum in Alternate irrigation with lime treated effluent and fresh water with 50 per cent nitrogen application both in plant and ratoon crop (Rs.274372 ha-1 and 302864, 3.25 and 9.27, respectively). Raw effluent irrigation without microbial culture recorded lower soil pH, higher EC, organic carbon and available nitrogen in plant crop as well as in ratoon crop (5.86 and 5.51, 0.463 and 0.526 dSm-1, 0.83 and 0.82 %, 303.8 and 323.6 kg ha-1, respectively). Alternate and 1:1 ratio irrigation with lime treated effluent with and without microbial culture recorded higher soil available phosphorus (52.8 and 52.0 kg ha-1, respectively). Soil available potassium was more in raw effluent irrigation without microbial culture in banana plant crop (402.1 kg ha-1) and lime treated effluent irrigation with microbial culture in ratoon crop (425.3 kg ha-1).ThesisItem Open Access RELATIVE RESPONSE OF FINGER MILLET - SOYBEAN ROTATION TO APPLICATION OF ZINC, BORON AND MICROBIAL INOCULANTS(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2009-09-05) ANANDA, N.; SHANKAR, M. A.A field investigation on “Relative response of finger millet-soybean rotation to application of zinc, boron and microbial inoculants” was carried out at Dry Land Agricultural Project, GKVK, UAS, Bangalore during Kharif 2005 and 2006 as finger millet– soybean and vice versa rotation. The experimental site was sandy clay loam in texture, slightly acidic in pH with medium fertility. The experiments were laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The first experiment consists of nine treatments, with a combination of macro and micronutrients( with or without FYM), whereas in the second experiment there were ten treatments which comprised of application of different microbial inoculants (Azospirillum brasilense @ 1 kg/ha in 10 liter of water as seedling dipping method for finger millet, Bradyrhizobium japonicum @ 375 g/ha for soybean as seed treatment and VAM @ 10 kg/ha as soil application for both the crops) and micronutrients (Zn and B) were used along with recommended fertilizer and FYM either individually or in combinations. The pooled analysis of the results revealed that application of NPK + FYM + ZnSO4 + Borax recorded significantly higher growth, yield parameters of both the crops, grain (3613 kg/ha) and straw yield (5566 kg/ha) of finger millet, seed (1936 kg/ha) and haulm yield of soybean (3152 kg/ha) as compared to control. Seed quality parameters viz., germination percentage seed vigour index and uptake of nutrients (N, P, K, Zn and B) in both the crops, protein and oil yield in soybean were also higher when conjunctive use of micronutrients (Zn and B) with recommended NPK and FYM were used. Indeed, the same treatment also maintained higher microbial and enzymatic activities indicating an overall improvement in soil fertility. A higher net income of Rs.44,138 and 47,825 per ha with a B:C ratio of 2.14 and 2.29 was realized due to application of NPK + FYM + ZnSO4 + Borax in finger millet – soybean and soybean – finger millet based cropping system, respectively. In the second experiment, the pooled analysis indicated that the growth, yield parameters of both the crops, grain (4143 kg/ha) and straw yield (6467 kg/ha) of finger millet; seed (2081kg/ha) and haulm yield of soybean (3304 kg/ha) were significantly higher with the application of NPK + FYM + ZnSO4 + borax + A. brasilense/ B. japonicum + VAM as compared to control. The same treatment showed significantly higher seed quality parameters viz., protein and oil yield of soybean, germination percentage, vigour index and uptake of nutrients (N,P,K,Zn and B) in both the crops. Indeed, the same treatment also maintained higher microbial and enzymatic activities indicating an overall improvement in soil fertility. Application of NPK + FYM + ZnSO4 + A.brasilense / B. japonicum + VAM recorded higher net returns of Rs. 50,753 per ha and B: C ratio (2.13) in finger millet-soybean based cropping system. Similarly, in soybean-finger millet cropping system higher net returns was recorded with the application of NPK + FYM + ZnSO4 + B. japonicum /A. brasilense + VAM (Rs. 53,629/ha). The B: C ratio was also higher (2.25) with the application of NPK + FYM + ZnSO4 + B. japonicum / A.brasilense. Indeed, it is noteworthy to state that under rainfed condition, soybean-finger millet rotation is highly economical and effective cropping system as compared to finger millet-soybean in order to improve the soil fertility and crop productivityThesisItem Open Access PRODUCTIVITY OF FINGERMILLET (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) AND REDGRAM (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) INTERCROPPING SYSTEM AS INFLUENCED BY ORGANIC SOURCES(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2009-10-10) JAGADEESHA, N.; REDDY, V. C.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT AND INTERCROPPING IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.) CULTIVARS UNDER AEROBIC CONDITION(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2009-06-14) VENKATESHA, M. M.; KRISHNAMURTHY, N.Experiments on “Studies on integrated nutrient management and intercropping system in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars under aerobic condition” were carried out during Kharif 2006 and 2007 in farmer’s field at Marakadadoddi village, Maddur taluk, Mandya district. Experiment – I was conducted to study the performance of rice cultivars as influenced by integrated nutrient management practices under aerobic condition in Cauvery command area and was laid out in a split plot design with three cultivars as main plot i.e., (KRH-2, BR-2655 and IR-30864) and five integrated nutrient management practices including both organic sources and inorganic sources and replicated thrice. Among the different rice cultivars, KRH-2 recorded significantly higher mean grain yield of rice (60.2 q ha-1) as compared to other rice cultivars like BR-2655 (55.5 q ha-) and IR-30864 (50.8 q ha-1). Higher grain yield of KRH-2 was due to improved growth parameters and yield components. Among different combinations of nutrient sources, N4 (50 per cent N through inorganic + 50 per cent N through vermicompost) recorded significantly higher grain yield (63.1 q ha-1) over other combinations. Whereas, lowest grain yield ha-1 was recorded with N1 (100 per cent RDF (Recommended dose of fertilizer) (48.0 q ha-1). From this experiment it is concluded that rice cultivar KRH-2 had performed well under aerobic method of rice cultivation with application of 50 per cent N through vermicompost and remaining 50 per cent N through inorganic fertilizers. Second experiment was conducted to study the performance of aerobic rice as influenced by intercrops and was laid out in randomized complete block design with seven intercrops treatments i.e., french bean, bhendi, radish, amaranthus, soybean, coriander and as sole crop of rice which are replicated thrice. Sole rice crop recorded significantly higher grain yield (5470 kg ha-1) compared to rice yields in different intercropping systems. But it was on par with rice yields in rice + amaranthus (5085 kg ha-1). Bhendi suppressed the rice yields to a maximum extent of 31.8 per cent. While, amaranthus records least suppression to the tune of 7.11 per cent. Intercropping amaranthus was helpful in reducing the monocot, dicot and total weed dry weight (1.57, 1.58 and 2.05 g m-2, respectively) and thereby helped to increase the rice yield as compared to other intercrops. Intercropping coriander was also useful in similar way. Rice + amaranthus recorded significantly higher rice equivalent yield (18,007 kg ha-1) compared to sole crop of rice (5,470 kg ha-1) and rice + french bean (4,716 kg ha-1). However, it was statistically on par with rice + coriander (17,926 kg ha-1). This indicates that amaranthus and coriander were more compatible with rice as intercrop. The rice + radish recorded highest (Rs. 20,475 ha-1) cost of cultivation. Rice + amaranthus recorded significantly higher gross returns (Rs.10,3382 ha-1), net returns (Rs. 84,107 ha-1) and B: C ratio (1:5.36) as compared to the other intercrops. It was statistically on par with rice + coriander which recorded gross returns (Rs. 10,2678 ha-1), net returns (Rs 82,943 ha-1) and B:C ratio (1:5.20). The lowest gross returns, net returns and B: C ratio were recorded with rice + french bean (Rs 29,949 and Rs.10,024 ha-1 and 1:1.50, respectively). From this experiment it is concluded that rice + amaranthus and rice + coriander performed well under aerobic method of rice cultivation.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON NITROGEN LOSSES, METHANE EMISSION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF RICE UNDER CROP ESTABLISHMENT TECHNIQUES(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2009-02) JAYADEVA, H M H.M.; PRABHAKARA SETTY, T KField experiments were conducted on the red clay loam soil of Agricultural Research Station, Kathalagere during 2005 and 2006 to study the nitrogen losses, methane emission and productivity of rice under crop establishment techniques. The investigation involved tliree sets of experiments. The first set comprised of three establislmient tecliniques (Transplanting, SRI and Aerobic) and four sources of nitrogen [Urea, Ammonium sulphate, complex fertilizer (17:17:17) and large sized urea granules] in split plot design with tliree replications. The second set comprised of tliree establislmient tecliniques and four sources of nutrients {Rec. NPK, in-situ green manure (Sunnhemp) + Rec. NPK, Paddy straw manuring + Rec. NPK and FYM + Rec. NPK} in CRD (pot experiment) and split plot design (Field experiment) with three replications. The third set comprised of three establishment techniques and five management practices at maximum tillering stage (with hold moisture, with hold nitrogen, with hold moisture and nitrogen, spray 2,4-D @ 0.5 kg a.i. ha" and normal cultivation practices) in split plot design with three replications. The combination of SRI establishment technique with large sized urea granules recorded higher grain yield (10466, 10767 and 10617 kg ha" in kharif, summer and pooled analysis, respectively), growth, yield attributes, nutrients uptake, energy output:input ratio and B:C ratio (2.88, 3.09 and 2.98 in kharif, summer and pooled analysis, respectively) as compared to other treatment combinations. The combination of Aerobic technique and large sized urea granules recorded lower total volatilization loss (2.20, 2.95 and 2.58 kg ha"1) in kharif, summer and pooled analysis, respectively. The SRI establishment technique with FYM + Rec. NPK recorded higher grain yield (59.50 g hill" and 10267 kg ha"1 in kharif and summer, respectively), growth and yield parameters and nutrients uptake. The combination of SRI technique and in-situ green manure (Sunnhemp + Rec. NPK) recorded higher B:C ratio of 3.01 during summer, 2006. Transplanting with paddy straw manuring + Rec. NPK recorded higher total methane emission (33.54 and 33.71 mg plant"1 day"1) in kharif and summer, respectively than other combinations. The SRI technique and with hold moisture and nitrogen at maximum tillering stage recorded higher grain yield (10383, 10683 and 10533 kg ha"1 ), number of productive tillers hill (24.80, 25.00 and 24.90), yield parameters, energy outputinput ratio (19 84 18 34 and 19.09) and B:C ratio (2.75, 2.94 and 2.85) in kharif summer and in pooled analysis respectively compared to other combinations.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on production potentials of mesta varieties as influenced by spacing, nutrient sources and intercropping systems in alfisols(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2009-09-16) PUSHPA, K.; KRISHNAMURTHY, N.ThesisItem Open Access Effect Of Integrated Nutrient Management And Organic Farming Practices On Yield And Quality Of Flue Cured Virginia Tobacco (Nicotian.A Tabacum L.)(University Of Agricultural Sciences; Bangalore, 2009) Hussain Almahasneh; Ganesh Babu M.S.ThesisItem Open Access Cloning And Functional Characterization Of Moisture Stress Responsive Transcription Factors From Finger Millet [Eleusine Coracana (L) Gaertn.](University Of Agricultural Sciences; Bangalore, 2009) Ramegowda H.V.; Uday Kumar M.ThesisItem Open Access Productivity Of Fingermillet (Eleusine Coracana (L.) Gaertn.) And Red Gram (Cajanus Cajan (L.) Millsp.) Intercropping System As Influenced By Organic Sources(University Of Agricultural Sciences; Bangalore, 2009) Jagadeesha N.; Reddy V.C.