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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Open Access RESPONSE OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.) CULTIVARS TO THE POPULATION DYNAMICS UNDER AEROBIC METHOD(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-09-17) BASAVARAJA, M.K.; K.MURALIA field experiment entitled "Response of rice cultivars to the population dynamics under aerobic method" was conducted at Agronomy Field Unit, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, during Kharif 2006 in red sandy loam soil (Alfisols). The experiment was laid out in split plot design with 15 treatment combinations consisting five genotypes viz., KRH-2, MTU-1001, THANU, MAS-26 and MAS-946 and three plant spacings viz., 20 cm x 10 cm, 25 cm x 25 cm, 45 cm x 20 cm spacing. Among plant spacings 45 cm x 20 cm recorded significantly higher grain yield and straw yield (57.31 q ha-^ and 6.89 t ha-i respectively), which was significantly superior over the 25 cm x 25 cm (50.57 q ha-^ and 6.44 t ha-i), and the lowest grain and straw yield was recorded with 20 cm X 10 cm (40.90 q ha-i and 5.72 t ha-^). The increased grain yield was due to the increased growth parameters like plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, leaf area index, total dry matter and yield parameters at a spacing of 45 cm x 20 cm. Among rice genotypes KRH-2 recorded significantly higher grain and straw yield (57.53 q ha-^ and 7.17 t ha-i respectively) over the MTU- 1001 (52.62 q ha-i and 6.54 t ha"i). Where as MTU-1001 was onpar with THANU, followed by MAS-26 and MAS-946. The study concluded that genotype KRH-2 hybrid recorded higher grain yield over other genotypes but in case of varieties MTU-1001 recorded higher grain yield which was onpar with THANU, when grown at 45 cm X 20 cm spacingThesisItem Open Access NUTRIENT SUBSTITUTION THROUGH ORGANICS IN MAIZE(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-08-30) MALATHESH, G.H.; V. V. ANGADIA field experiment was conducted at the Main Agricultural Research Station, Dharwad during kharif 2004 to study the nutrient substitution through organics in maize. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 11 treatments. Significantly higher grain yield of maize (68.6 q/ha) was recorded in FYM 7.5 t per ha + RDF compared to FYM 7.5 t per ha, VC 2.5 t per ha, PTM 8 t per ha + 60% RON, VC 3 t per ha + 70% RDN and VC 4 t per ha + 60% RDN, while the lowest grain yield (37.9 q/ha) was recorded in VC 2.5 t per ha. Application of FYM 7.5 t per ha + RDF per ha recorded higher N, P, K uptake (178.69 kg N, 44.31 kg P2O5, 180.01 kg K20/ha) by maize crop and available NPK status in soil (N - 363 kg, 50,5 kg P2O5 and 493 kg K20/ha) after harvest. Maximum net returns (Rs. 28,800/ha) was realized by RDF treatment and it was on par with FYM 7.5 t per ha + RDF (Rs. 28,200/ha). Maximum B:C ratio (3.63) was noticed in RDF treatment.ThesisItem Open Access RESPONSE OF FIELD BEAN {DoHchos lablabL.) GENOTYPES TO DATE OF SOWING AND SEED RATE FOR FODDER PRODUCTION AND QUALITY(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-10-01) YUSUFALI A. NIMBARGI; S. C. ALAGUNDAGINo AbstractThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON EFFICIENCY OF HERBICIDES IN GROUNDNUT {Arachis hypogaea L.)-WHEAT {Triticum aestivum L.) CROPPING SYSTEM(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-10-01) SOMASHEKHAR S. MUTNAL; C. A. AGASIMANIA field experiment was conducted at Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during khartf and rabi seasons of 2005-06 to study the efficiency of herbicides in groundnut- wheat cropping system. There were 7 treatment combinations in each crop and experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. ^ In kharif groundnut weed control treatments differed significantly. The treatment butachlor @ 1.5 kg/ha PE + 2 IC at 30 and 40 DAS + 1 HW at 45 DAS ill /c/iari/'groundniil and in robi wheat triasulfuron @ 15 g/ha at 20 DAS recorded significantly lower weed population and weed dry weight next only to weed free check. In groundnut application of butachlor @ 1.5 kg /ha PE + 2 IC at 30 and 40 DAS + 1 HW at 45 DAS resulted in highest pod yield (2353 kg /ha) and was on par with pretilachlor @ 1.5 kg /ha PE + 2 IC at 30 sind 40 DAS + 1 HW at 45 DAS. alachlor @ 1.5 kg /ha PE + 2 IC at 30 and 40 DAS + 1 HW at 45 DAS and weed free check. The higher pod yield over weed free check is due to suppressing weed seed gemiination and seedling development at early stages due to the effect of pre-emergent herbicides. In wheat application of triasulfuron @ 15 g /ha at 20 DAS resulted higher grain yield (3028 kg /ha) but was on par with weed free check (3182 kg /ha). In groundnut maximum net income of Rs.20150 /ha and benefit cost ratio of 1:1.20 was obtained with butachlor, whereas, in case of wheat Triasulfuron recorded maximum net return Rs. 15996/ha and benefit cost ratioThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF MAIZE GENOTYPES UNDER LATE SOWN SITUATION AND THEIR MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-10-01) MUKHARIB D. S.; V. C.PATILA field experiment was conducted at Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during kharif 2004 to assess the variation in growth and yield with respect to drought tolerance in maize genotypes and their molecular characterization using RAPD-PCR technique. The experiment was laid out in a randomized completely block design with 16 genotypes as treatments with three replications. The genotypes differed significantly with regard to growth, yield and physiological parameters. Kargil-900 M recorded significantly higher grain yield (3796 kg ha-i) than the other genotypes except Arabhavi local (3708.70 kg ha*^), Prabha (3534 kg ha-^) and CM-202 (3425.70 kg ha-i). Similarly yield parameters such as cob length, number of rows cob-i, number of grains row^ and 100-kernel weight and physiological parameters such as root to shoot ratio, relative water content, proline content, leaf water potential and chlorophyll fluorescence were significantly higher in Kargil-900 M. SA-Tall recorded significantly higher fodder yield (66.30 q ha-^) than all the other genotypes. Similarly, the growth components such as plant height, leaf area index, crop growth rate and total dry matter production were significantly higher in SA-Tall. RAPD profiles for all the eight inbred lines and Arabhavi local were generated with 28 random decamer primers. The primers generated 189 RAPD loci of which 138 were polymorphic. The extent of polymorphism generated among the genotypes was very high (73.02%). The maximum genetic distance of 29.7 per cent was observed between CM-202 and KDMI-16. While, the least genetic distance of 12.8 per cent was observed between KDMI-04 and CI-05. In a RAPD profile of Arabhavi local, the primers OPJ-05, OPJ-09, OPP- 04 and OPO-06 generated the specific amplification product of 1290 bp, 840 bp, 1160 bp and 1370 bp, respectively. The dendrogram for pooled data showed two major clusters. All the genotypes were found in one cluster except Arabhavi local. The morphological and physiological parameters showed Arabhavi local as relatively drought tolerant genotype, which is well reflected in molecular grouping also.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF PLANT DENSITY ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SESAME CULTIVARS DURING SUMMER(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-10-01) HARSHA K. N.; LOKANATH H. MALLIGAWADField experiment was condueted to study the effect of plant density on growth and yield of sesame cultivars during summer at Main Agricultural Research Station, Dharwad in black clayey soil during summer season of 2004-05. In the experiment, two sesame cultivars E-8 and DS-1 were grown at five plant densities of 2,96,296, 3,33,333, 4,44,444, 5,55,555 and 6,66,666 plants ha h Sesame cultivar DS-1 produced higher seed jdeld (1760 kg ha O than cv. E-8 (1494 kg ha ')- The yield components, harvest index, threshing percentage and DME were greater in cv. DS-1 than in cv. E-8. Total dry matter (TDM) production plant"^ at harvest was 12.46 per cent higher in cv. DS-1 than in cv. E-8. Dry matter production and its proportional distribution in reproductive parts were greater in cv. DS-1 than in cv. E-8. Cultivar DS-1 recorded higher N, P and K uptake and oil content than cv. E-8. Seed yield increased from 1564 to 1743 kg ha-i with increase in plant density from 2,96,296 to 6,66,666 plants ha-h Performance of individual plants with respect to growth, morphological, yield and yield components was better at lower plant density. Total dry matter plant^ was reduced by 15.65 per cent due to increasing plant density from 2,96,296 to 6,66,666 plants ha-h Leaf area planth number of branches plants and number of capsules plant • decreased with increase in plant density from 2,96,296 to 6,66,666 plants ha 1 whereas leaf area index, harvest index and uptake of plant nutrients N, P and K increased with increase in plant density from 2,96,296 to 6,66,666 plants ha"L Higher seed yield (1743 kg ha"i) and net returns (Rs. 39,735) were obtained at higher plant density of 6,66,666 plants ha L Cultivar DS-1 and E-8 maximized their seed yield and net returns (Rs. ha"U at higher plant density of 6,66,666 plants ha"LThesisItem Open Access RESPONSE OF RAJMASH GENOTYPES TO TIME OF SOWING DURING RABI IN THE NORTHERN TRANSITIONAL ZONE OF KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-10-01) SUREKHA; T. SUDHAA field experiment was conducted during rabi 2005-06 to study the performance of rajmash genotypes under different time of sowing at Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Kamataka. Genotypes Arka Komal, Contender, HPR-35 and Waghya (in sub-plots) were sown during first and second fortnight of October and November (in main plots) using a split plot design with three replications on black clay soil. Sowing during first and second fortnight of October recorded higher seed yield (1999 and 1930 kg ha ', respectively) compared to crop sown in November. The values of various growth (plant height, number of trifoliate leaves, number of branches plant ', leaf area, leaf area index and total diy matter) and yield components (number of pods plant ', number of seeds pod ', seed weight plant ' and test weight) of rajmash were significantly higher with October sown crop than with November sown crop. Rajmash genotypes also differed significantly with one another HPR-35 recorded higher seed yield (1829 kg ha ') followed by Waghya (1774 kg ha-'), Arka Komal (1448 kg ha ') and Contender (1407 kg ha '). Yield variations were mainly due to variation in seed weight per plant and 100-seed weight. Protein content in seed did not differ significantly due to time of sowing. However, among genotypes HPR-35 recorded significantly higher protein content (22.75%) over Waghya, Arka Komal and Contender. Some of the interaction effects involving time of sowing and genotypes were found significant. When sowing were delayed from October first fortnight to November second fortnight significant reduction in seed yield of genotypes Waghya, Contender and Arka Komal but the yield reduction was comparatively less in HPR-35. The study revealed higher gross returns (Rs.58,000 ha '), net returns (Rs.48,270 ha ') and B:C (4.23) with October first fortnight sowing of Waghya, closely followed by HPR-35 sown during second fortnight of October.ThesisItem Open Access RESPONSE OF COTTON GENOTYPES TO DIFFERENT SOURCES OF ORGANIC MANURES UNDER ORGANIC PRODUCTION SYSTEM(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-10-01) SANGSHETTY; H. B. BABALADA field experiment was conducted to study the ^'Response of cotton genotypes to different sources of organic manures under organic production system" at Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during 2004-05. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with varieties as main plots and organic nutrient management treatments as sub plots with three replications. Bio-pesticides were used as combative measures against pest and diseases. Among the varieties evaluated under organic production system, Jayadhar recorded significantly higher (TDMP) (137.50 g/plant) and drymatter accumulation in leaves (17.66 g/plant), stem (85.50 g/plant) and squares (4.82 g/plant) as compared to Sahana. Jayadhar also recorded significantly higher LAI (0.54 dm/m^), number of monopodial and sympodial branches (5.10 and 14.75/plant) and number of bolls (36.38/plant) at 180 DAS as compared to Sahana. Kapas yield (1 172 kg/ha), net return (Rs,10,992/-) and B:C ratio (2:2) were also significantly higher with Jayadhar. Sahana recorded significantly higher fibre length, fibre fineness, fibre strength and maturity ratio as compared to Jayadhar. Among manorial treatments, integrated application of RDF (40:25:25 N, P2O5, K2O kg/ha) with FYM 7.5 t/ha recorded significantly higher TDMP production (142.16 g/plant), plant height (108.33 cm), leaf weight (18.74.g/plant), stem weight (83.54 g/plant), boll weight (39.10), number of monopodial and sympodial branches (4.33 and 15.56/plant) and number of green bolls (30.05/plant) at 180 DAS as compared to rest of the treatment. Seed cotton yield (1142.35 kg/ha) was also higher with integrated manurial treatment. However, there was no significant difference with respect to quality parameter among all the treatments. Organic manurial treatments, FYM and VC equivalent to 100% RDN, FYM 100% + VC 100%, FYM 100% + glyricidia 100%, FYM 100%+ VC 50% + neem cake 50%, FYM 100% + glyricidia 50% + neem cake 50%, FYM 50%+ glyricidia 50%, FYM 50%+ VC 25%+ neem cake 25% and FYM 50%+ glyricidia 25%+ neem cake 25% were found on par with that of RDF (40:25:25 N, P2O5, K2O kg/ha). Integrated manurial treatment (RDF+FYM) recorded significantly higher N, P2O5 and K2O content after harvest of the crop (264.27, 34.22 and 480.97 kg/ha NPK). Organic carbon content In soil was higher with RDF + FYM and FYM 100% + glyricidia 100% and also recorded significantly higher population of bacterial, fungal and actinomycetes.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC NIANORES ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF CHILLI {^CapsiCUmannuum L) UNDER NORTHERN TRANSITION ZONE OF KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2007-10-01) THIMMA NAIK M.; G. B. SHASHIDHARAA field experiment was conducted to study the effect of organic manures on growth, yield and quality of chilli {Capsicum annuum L.) at Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during kharif 2005-06. In experiment was laid out in RED with four organic source and their combinations. The RDF with and without FYM kept as control. Application of FYM + 100 RDF (772.2 kg/ha) recorded significantly higher fruit yield over sole application of organics and RDF alone. However, the different combinations of organics viz., FYM (50%) + poultry manure (50%) (727.6 kg/ha), vermicompost (50%) + FYM (50%) (713.51 kg/ha), FYM (50%) + neem cake (50%) (710.6 kg/ha) and poultrymanure @ 7.5 t/ha (708.2 kg/ha) also recorded yield on par with FYM + 100 per cent RDF. The growth and yield components, NPK uptake at harvest also followed the same trend as that of fruit yield. The quality parameters like oleoresin per cent and yield increased by 13.89, 6.6, 3.7 and 2.3 per cent with application of poultry manure @ 7.5 t/ha, vermicompost 10 t/ha, FYM (50%) + vermicompost (50%), FYM (50%) + neem cake (50%) as compared RDF alone. The extractable similar value also increased by 2.9 to 6.0 with application of FYM (50%) + poultry manure (50%), FYM (50%) + neem cake (50%) over RDF alone. The maximum net returns is higher with application of RDF (Rs.28,614) followed by RDF + FYM @ 10 t har^ (Rs.27,996), poultry manure