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Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Agriculture University, Palampur

Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya (renamed as Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in June, 2001) was established on 1st November, 1978.The College of Agriculture (established in May, 1966) formed the nucleus of the new farm University. It is ICAR accredited and ISO 9001:2015 certified institution. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research has ranked this University at eleventh place among all farm universities of the country. The University has been given the mandate for making provision for imparting education in agriculture and other allied branches of learning, furthering the advancement of learning and prosecution of research and undertaking extension of such sciences, especially to the rural people of Himachal Pradesh. Over the years, this University has contributed significantly in transforming the farm scenario of Himachal Pradesh. It has developed human resources, varieties and technologies and transferred these to farming community enabling the State to receive the “Krishikarman award” of Govt. of India four times in row for food grain production among small states of the country. Today, the State has earned its name for hill agricultural diversification and the farming community has imposed its faith in the University.

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2015 - 201842
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Subject: Agronomy × End date: 2018 × Start date: 2015 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemUnknown
    Long term effect of Integrated Nutrient Supply System in Rice-Wheat cropping system
    (palampur, 2017-07-17) Rana, Jyotika; Negi, SC
    The field experiment was conducted to study the effect of integrated nutrient supply system in rice-wheat cropping system during 2016-17 at Badhiarkhar Research Farm of Department of Agronomy, Forages and Grassland Management, CSKHPKV, Palampur. The treatments comprising of T1 - Control (No fertilizer, no manure), T2 - 50% NPK to both rice and wheat, T3 - 50% NPK to rice and 100% NPK to wheat, T4 - 75% NPK to both rice and wheat, T5 - 100% NPK to both rice and wheat, T6 - 50% NPK + 50% N (FYM) to rice and 100% NPK to wheat, T7 - 75% NPK + 25% N (FYM) to rice and 75% NPK to wheat, T8 - 50% NPK + 50% N (wheat cut straw) to rice and 100% NPK to wheat, T9 - 75% NPK + 25% N (wheat cut straw) to rice and 75% NPK to wheat, T10 - 50% NPK + 50% N (green manure) to rice and 100% NPK to wheat, T11 - 75% NPK + 25% N (green manure) to rice and 75% NPK to wheat and T12 -Farmers‟ Practice (40% NPK and FYM 5 t/ha to both the crops) were evaluated in a randomized block design with four replications. Soil of the experimental site was silty clay loam in texture, acidic in reaction, high in available nitrogen, and medium in available phosphorus and potassium. Significantly higher absolute growth rate and plant height, higher dry matter accumulation, number of shoots, CGR & RGR were recorded in T6 incase of rice. In case of wheat, initial plant stand at complete emergence, plant height, number of shoots and dry matter accumulation at different stages were also maximum in T6. The days taken to 50% flowering/earing as well as maturity were minimum in the treatment comprising of 50% NPK along with FYM in rice (T6).The study revealed that T6 resulted in higher tillers, panicles, grains per panicle, 1000 grain weight, seed, straw & biological yield of rice. In case of wheat, higher number of spikes, number of grains per spike, length of spike, grain weight per spike, 1000 grain weight, seed, straw and biological yield were found in T6. Pooled data of 22 years from 1994-95 to 2016-17 showed that the maximum yield was recorded in T6. The net returns of the system was maximum in treatment T6 while the benefit cost ratio was maximum in treatment T5. The treatment comprising of 50% NPK + 50% N (FYM) to rice and 100% NPK to wheat (T6)was found to be the best treatment for getting higher productivity and profitability followed by T10 and T5.
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    ThesisItemUnknown
    RESPONSE OF GRAM TO ORGANIC AND INORGANIC SOURCES OF NUTRIENTS UNDER RAINFED AND IRRIGATED CONDITIONS IN GRAM-OKRA CROPPING SYSTEM
    (CSHHPKV Palampur, 2017-07-06) AHMAD, NESAR; Rameshwar, Kumar
    A field experiment was conducted during Rabi 2015-16 at Holta Organic Farm of Department of Organic Agriculture, CSK HPKV, Palampur to study the response of gram to organic and inorganic sources of nutrients under rainfed and irrigated conditions. The experiment consisted of 8 treatments comprising of combinations of four nutrient management practices i.e. organic nutrient management [soil treatment with jeevamrit & seed treatment with Rhizobium + PSB, vermicompost (VC) @ 5 t ha-1 & 3 sprays of vermiwash], inorganic nutrient management (recommended NPK), integrated nutrient management (2.5 t ha-1 VC + 50% of recommended NPK) and farmer’s practice (1.25 t ha-1 VC + 25% of recommended NPK) with two conditions i.e. irrigated and rainfed were tested in split plot design with three replications. Results revealed that growth, yield attributes, grain and straw yield of gram were increased with irrigated condition and nutrient management practices. Under irrigated condition, 15.20 per cent higher yield and 10.41 per cent higher net returns per rupee invested were recorded over rainfed condition. Among nutrient management practices, organic nutrient management recorded significantly higher seed yield (1060.1 kg ha -1 ) as compared to other treatments, followed by integrated nutrient management practice. At the same time organic nutrient management recorded highest net returns (₹ 52467 ha-1 ) and 7.10 net returns per rupee invested. Integrated nutrient management was the second best treatments, recorded higher net returns (₹ 32210 ha-1 ) as compared to inorganic and farmers practice. The available nutrient status of soil (NPK) was significantly higher under organic nutrient management as compared to other treatments.
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    ThesisItemUnknown
    EFFECT OF BLACK GRAM GENOTYPES AND NITROGEN LEVELS ON PERFORMANCE OF MAIZE + BLACK GRAM INTERCROPPING SYSTEM UNDER MID-HILL CONDITIONS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2018) Shilpa; Singh, Janaradan
    A field experiment was conducted during Kharif season of 2017 to study the effect of black gram genotypes and nitrogen levels on performance of maize + black gram intercropping system at the Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Forages and Grassland Management, CSKHPKV, Palampur. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design comprising of five genotypes (Him mash-1, DKU-118, DKU-82, DKU-98and DKU-99), two nitrogen levels (50 % and 100% recommended dose of nitrogen) and two sole crops (maize and black gram). Experimental site was silty clay loam in texture, acidic in reaction, low in available nitrogen, and medium in available phosphorus and potassium. Significantly higher absolute growth rate and plant height of maize were recorded in maize + DKU-118 followed by maize + Him mash-1 intercropping system. The highest dry matter accumulation, number of cobs per plant, grain yield, stover yield and biological yield of maize was recorded in maize + Him mash-1intercropping system. Maize + Him mash-1 intercropping system also resulted in significantly higher values of plant height, absolute growth rate, dry matter accumulation, relative growth rate, number of seeds per pod, grain yield, straw yield and biological yield of black gram. The treatment 100 % recommended dose of nitrogen recorded significantly higher values of growth & yield attributes and yields. Maize + Him mash-1+100 % recommended dose of nitrogen significantly resulted in higher maize equivalent yield, land equivalent ratio, productivity, gross returns, net returns, B:C ratio and profitability followed by maize + DKU-99 + 100 % recommended dose of nitrogen. Him mash-1 and DKU-99 were found to be equally good for intercropping with maize under mid-hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFICACY OF PYRAZOSULFURON-ETHYL IN CONTROLLING WEEDS IN TRANSPLANTED RICE
    (CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya Palampur, 2018) Rana, Ankit; Rana, M.C.
    The experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of CSKHPKV, Palampur during kharif and rabi 2017 to evaluate the new herbicide pyrazosulfuron-ethyl for controlling weeds in transplanted rice. Ten treatments comprised of company released sample of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl at 10, 15, 20 & 30 g/ha, market sample of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl at 10 & 15 g/ha, bispyribac- sodium at 20 & 40 g/ha, hand weeding twice and weedy check were evaluated for weed control, yield and economics. The soil of the experimental field was silty clay loam in texture, acidic in reaction (5.5), medium in available N (242 kg/ha), medium in available P (21 kg/ha) and high in available K (330 kg/ha). Ammannia baccifera and Cyperus difformis were the major weeds constituting 35.6 and 16.6 per cent, respectively of the total weed flora in rice during kharif season. These were followed by Echinochloa colona (14.2%), Cyperus iria (12%) and Echinochloa crusgalli (7.1%). Herbicides have significantly reduced the count and dry weight of weeds. Results revealed that plant height, total number of effective tillers, functional leaves per plant, crop dry matter accumulation, panicle length, number of spikelets per panicle, spikelet fertility, grain and straw yield were significantly higher when herbicides were applied. Maximum weed control efficiency was recorded in hand weeding treatment. Abundance of weeds in weedy check lowered the grain yield of rice by 24 per cent over the best treatment. Highest benefit cost ratio was obtained from pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 20 g/ha. Both pyrazosulfuron-ethyl and bispyribac-sodium did not show any phytotoxic effect on transplanted rice and on succeeding wheat.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON EFFICACY OF NEEM COATED UREA (NCU) IN NITROGEN MANAGEMENT IN IRRIGATED RICE ECO-SYSTEM
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2018-07) Singh, Sukhchain; Thakur, D.R.
    The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of Rice and Wheat Research Centre, Malan during kharif 2017 to study the performance of neem coated urea in irrigated rice. There were nine treatments viz.,100% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through prilled urea in three splits (50% Basal + 25% MT + 25% PI), 75% RDN through NCU in three splits (50% Basal + 25% MT + 25% PI), 100% RDN through NCU in three splits (50% Basal + 25% MT + 25% PI), 125% RDN through NCU in three splits (50% Basal + 25% MT + 25% PI), 100% RDN through NCU (100% basal), 100% RDN through NCU in two splits (50% Basal + 50% MT), 100% RDN through NCU in two splits (75% Basal + 25% MT), organic nutrient management and control treatment in which no nitrogen was applied. The trial was laid out in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications The soil of the experimental field was silty clay loam in texture, acidic in reaction (5.2), medium in available N (461 kg ha-1), high in available P (44 kg ha-1) and medium in available K (248 kg ha-1). The results obtained from this study showed that the application of 125% RDN through NCU in three splits (50% Basal + 25 % MT + 25% PI) gave significantly higher values for almost all the yield attributes viz. number of panicles, filled grains per panicle and 1000 grain weight as well as grain yield and straw yield of rice though this treatment was at par with application of 100% RDN through NCU three splits (50% Basal + 25 % MT + 25% PI), 75% RDN through NCU in three splits (50% Basal + 25 % MT + 25% PI) and 100% RDN through prilled urea in three splits (50% Basal + 25 % MT + 25% PI). Similar results were also recorded in term of uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by grain and straw. Maximum nitrogen use efficiency and agronomic efficiency were recorded with application of 75% RDN though NCU in three splits (50% Basal + 25 % MT + 25% PI). Highest net return and B:C ratio was obtained with the application of 125% RDN through NCU applied in three splits (50% Basal + 25 % MT + 25% PI), whereas control treatment in which no nitrogen was applied resulted in significantly lowest net return and B:C ratio. On the basis of the results obtained in this investigation it is evident that the neem coated urea performed better than the prilled urea, also the application of neem coated urea in three splits gave better results than its application in two splits or as basal application.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF CONSERVATION TILLAGE AND WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON WEEDS AND PRODUCTIVITY OF MAIZE-WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2017-07) K K, Sindhu; Suresh Kumar
    The present investigation was undertaken in a continuing experiment where fifteen treatment combinations of five tillage methods viz. CT-CT, CT-ZT, ZT-ZT, ZT-ZTR & ZTR-ZTR (CT, conventional; ZT, zero and ZTR, conservation) and 3 weed management methods viz. H-H, IWM-IWM & HW-HW; (H, herbicide; IWM, integrated weed management; HW, hand weeding) in maize-wheat cropping sequence were being evaluated since 2013-14. Initially in 2013-14, Avena ludoviciana, Coronopus didymus and Phalaris minor were major weeds constituting 41, 20 and 18% of total weed flora, respectively. Lolium temulentum L., and Vicia sativa constituted 11 and 10%, respectively. During 2015-16, invasion of Phalaris minor (7%), Avena fatua (23%), Lolium temulentum (19%), Vicia sativa (20%), coronopus didymus (15%) and Anagallis arvensis (16%) was recorded in wheat. There were drastic changes in weed flora in wheat during 2016-17. Erodium cicutarium (38), Euphorbia helioscopia (17%) and Oxalis corniculata (17%) were the new weeds. Vicia sativa constituted 11% of the weed flora in wheat in 2016-17. The other weeds as a whole constituted 12% of the total weed flora. In maize, Echinochloa sp and Panicum dichotomiflorum those observed in kharif 2014 were not recorded in the survey of kharif 2016. Ageratum conyzoides (33%), Echinochloa sp (30%), Commelina benghalensis (15%), Digitaria sanguinalis (10%), Panicum sp (9%) and Cyperus sp (3%) were the important weeds during 2014. During 2016, the composition of Ageratum conyzoides and Commelina benghalensis increased to 47 and 23%, respectively. Cynodon dactylon was the new invasion in the experimental field. Cyperus iria, Digitaria sanguinalis and Cynodon dactylon constituted 11%, 10% and 9%, respectively, of the total weed flora of maize in 2016. Tillage and weed management treatments brought about significant variation in the count and dry weight of weeds associated with wheat crop during 2015-16 and maize during 2016. ZTR-ZTR remaining at par with CT-CT and CT-ZT resulted in significantly higher wheat grain equivalent yield over other tillage treatments. IWM-IWM gave 37.2 and 56.6% higher wheat grain equivalent yield over H-H and HW-HW, respectively. Among all treatment combinations, CT+IWM-CT + IWM remaining at par with ZTR+IWM-ZTR+IWM resulted in significantly higher wheat equivalent yield over rest of the combinations. CT+IWM-CT+IWM being comparable to ZT+IWM-ZT+IWM had higher system’s gross return and net return. However, CT+H-ZT+H and CT+IWM-CT+IWM remaining at par with CT+H-CT+H, ZT+IWM-ZT+IWM and ZTR+H-ZTR+H resulted in significantly higher B:C over other combinations of tillage and weed control treatments. Since, CT+IWM-CT + IWM and ZTR+IWM-ZTR+IWM were comparable in yield of maize-wheat system, conservation tillage (zero tillage + residue retention in both crops) followed by integrated weed management involving (intercrop + herbicide + mechanical weeding) can be recommended for higher productivity and sustainability of the system under mid hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MAPPING THE PRESENT AND FUTURISTIC CROP WATER REQUIREMENT USING FAO-CROPWAT FOR WHEAT CROP UNDER SUB-TEMPERATE CLIMATE OF NORTH-WESTERN HIMALAYA
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2018-07-21) Salaria, Sahil; Rana, Ranbir Singh
    The present study “Mapping the present and futuristic crop water requirement using FAO-CROPWAT for wheat crop under sub-temperate climate of North-Western Himalaya” was undertaken based on a field experiment conducted during rabi during 2016-17 at research farm of Department of Agronomy, FGM, CSK HPKV at Palampur. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design with five dates of sowing viz., 15th October, 30th October, 15th November, 30th November and 15th December and two varieties viz., HPW-349 and HPW-155 replicated thrice. The soil of the site represents silty clay loam soil, acidic in nature and medium in available nitrogen, phosphorus and organic carbon. The growth attributes viz., plant height, leaf area index (LAI), number of tillers, spike length and yield attributes viz., numbers of grain per spike and 1000-grain weight were significantly highest in timely sown crop 15th to 30th October which were reflected in higher grain yield. The sowing done after 15th November to 15th December resulted in significant reduction in yield. The decrease in yield in 15th November, 30th November and 15th December sown crop over 15th October sown crop was 11.4%, 16.1% and 16.9% respectively. Among varieties HPW-349 gave significantly highest growth and yield attributes as compared to HPW-155. The net returns and B:C ratio were significantly highest in timely sown crop from 15th October and 30th October. Likewise net returns and B:C ratio were significantly highest in HPW-349 as compared to HPW-155. The agro-meteorological indices viz., GDD, HTU, PTU, PTI and HUE showed higher values in timely sown crop compared to late sown crop and decreased with delay in sowing. The crop water requirement of crop from 15th October to 15th December varied between 503.3 mm to 409.1 mm, respectively. Under changed climatic scenario like 10C, 20C and 30C elevated temperature, the crop water requirement increased by approximately 2.5%, 5.3%, and 7.5%, respectively during the growing season. Whereas, the actual irrigation water requirement of crop during 15th October to 15th December varied from 174.7 mm to 185.3 mm respectively. The actual irrigation water requirement increased by approximately 20.5 to 22.0%, 21 to 23.5%, and 22 to 24.5% during growing season with elevated temperature of 10C, 20C and 30C, respectively. The irrigation requirement estimated was nil due to corresponding higher effective rainfall during January. Effective rainfall was 73% (271.2 mm) of the total rainfall (376.5 mm) received during the crop season.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF TRANSPLANTING DATE, PLANTING GEOMETRY AND TRAINING SYSTEM ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF CUCUMBER UNDER NATURALLY VENTILATED POLYHOUSE
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2018-07) Raveena; Sharma, V.K.
    An experiment was conducted during the off-season 2017 at the Research Farm of Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Agriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, to study the effect of date of transplanting, planting geometry and training system on productivity of cucumber under naturally ventilated polyhouse. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design with three replications, consisting of eighteen treatments i.e. three dates of transplanting (1st fortnight of March, 2nd fortnight of March, 1st fortnight of April), two planting geometry (60 cm x 30 cm and 75 cm x 30 cm) and three training systems (two shoots, three shoots and four shoots). Among the dates of transplanting, 1st fortnight of March was significantly superior over 2nd fortnight of March and 1st fortnight of April in respect of, internodal length, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit weight, fruit breadth, harvest duration, fruit yield per plant (3.23 kg), fruit yield/100m2 (1154.02 kg) with maximum net returns (Rs. 23546.9) and B:C ratio (2.13). Plants grown at wider spacing of 75 cm x 30 cm took significantly lesser number of days for initiation of first female flower (14.17 days), days to 50% flowering (28.53 days) and days to first picking (36.48 days) than narrow spacing. Wider spacing (75 cm x 30 cm) also recorded significantly higher fruit length (17.13 cm), fruit breadth (6.34 cm), fruit weight 175.52 g), number of fruits per plant (22.82), fruit yield per plant (3.10 kg) and total soluble solids (2.630brix) than narrow spacing. The maximum fruit yield (1024.02 kg/100m2) was recorded under closer spacing of 60 cm x 30 cm. With regards to the number of shoots per plant, plants with two shoots recorded significantly higher fruit length (17.61 cm), fruit breadth (6.39 cm), fruit weight (179.67 g), whereas retaining three shoots per plant recorded significantly higher fruit yield per plant (3.48 kg) and fruit yield (1084.69 kg/100m2).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF SEEDING RATIO OF BERSEEM (TRIFOLIUM ALEXANDRINUM L.) ON PRODUCTIVITY OF DIFFERENT GENOTYPES OF ANNUAL RYEGRASS (LOLIUM MULTIFLORUM LAM.)
    (CSKHPKV, Palampur, 2018-07-20) Singh, Rajender; Naveen Kumar
    The field experiment was conducted at Fodder Unit, CSK HPKV, Palampur during rabi 2016-17 to study the effect of seeding ratio of berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) on productivity of different genotypes of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.). The soil of the experimental field was silty clay loam in texture; acidic in reaction; medium in organic carbon; low in available nitrogen; medium in phosphorus and potassium. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with three replications, consisting of thirteen treatments i.e. all possible combinations of ryegrass genotypes (Punjab ryegrass-1, Kashmir collection and Makhan grass) and four seed rate ratio of ryegrass:berseem (100:0, 75:25, 50:50 and 25:75) plus sole berseem sown by broadcast. Compounding of berseem with ryegrass genotypes did not exhibit any significant improvement in herbage yield over respective sole stand of ryegrass genotype. Sole Makhan grass had better plant height (cm), dry matter content (%) with higher green fodder (67.20 t ha-1), dry fodder yield (14.43 t ha-1) and crude protein yield. Sole culture of Makhan grass also realised higher net returns of Rs. 89,011 ha-1 with benefit cost ratio of 1.96.