Loading...
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.
Browse
34 results
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access Synthesis and potential biodynamic behaviour of heterocyclic compounds(CCSHAU, 2012) Yogesh Kumar Singh; Sudhir KumarPyrazoles, indoles, oxazoles, imidazoles, thiazoles and triazoles as heterocyclic compounds with multifarious biological and pharmacological activities through innumerable derivatives deserve further exploration for their use as antimicrobial agent. Therefore, synthesis, characterization and biodynamic behaviour of the new above mentioned heterocyclic compounds have been accomplished. Two series of chalcones were prepared using 2-acetylthiophene and 5-chloro-2-acetylthiophene with substituted benzaldehydes/thiophene-2-carbaldehyde/furan-2-carbaldehyde. These chalcones were further cyclized by sodium acetate and hydroxylamine hydrochloride to 5-(substituted phenyl/thiophen-2-yl/furan-2-yl)-3-(thiophen-2-yl/furan-2-yl)-1,2-oxazoles and 3-(5-chloro thiophen-2-yl)-5-(substituted phenyl/thiophen-2-yl/furan-2-yl)-1,2-oxazoles. The condensation of 2-hydrazinyl-N-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)acetamide with two series of chalcones gave the corresponding pyrazoles viz., 2-[5-(substitutedphenyl/thiophen-2-yl/furan-2-yl)-3-(thiophen-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-N-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)acetamide and 2-[3-(5-chloro thiophen-2-yl)-5-(substitutedphenyl/thiophen-2-yl/furan-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-N-(4-phenyl thiazol-2-yl)acetamide. The condensation of 5-(1H-indol-2-yl)-N 3 -phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3,4-diamine with substituted benzaldehydes resulted in 5-(1H-indol-2-yl)-[4-(substitutedbenzylidene)amino]-N-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine. Four Mannich bases of benzimidazole were prepared by reaction with paminobenzoic acid and 4-substituted benzaldehydes. The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR and 1 HNMR spectral data. The synthesized compounds have been evaluated for anti-fungal and anti-bacterial activities against Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum and Eischerchia coli and Xanthomonas axonopodis by food poisoned technique. The structure activity relation (SAR) in the above evaluation studies was also investigated. Some of the compounds exhibited specificity/non-specificity against the tested micro organisms and deserve further investigation for their possible use in plant and animal disease control.ThesisItem Open Access Integrated management of root rot of sesame (sesamum indicum L.) caused by macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) goid(CCSHAU, 2012) Bagaria, Pravin Kumar; Sharma, S. K.Root-rot/charcoal-rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. is one of the most important soil-borne disease in south-western parts of Haryana. Efforts were made to manage the disease with application of various methods. Root-rot incidence (seedling and maturity stage) and intensity (at maturity) was observed maximum in sandy soil and decreased with increase in clay content. The minimum disease incidence (pre-emergence, post-emergence damping-off, total seedling mortality) and intensity of charcoal rot was observed when optimum irrigation was applied at daily and after every 3rd day as compared when the pots were irrigated after every 7th and every 10th day. Carbendazim (50, 100, 200, 500 ppm), propiconazole (100, 200, 500 ppm) and hexaconazole (200, 500 ppm) exhibited complete (100%) mycelial growth inhibition of M. phaseolina in vitro conditions. The evaluation of 11 plant extracts at 5, 10, 20 and 40 per cent concentrations revealed that aqueous extract of garlic clove was proved to be most effective inhibitor of M. phaseolina in vitro. Onion bulb extract ranked as the next most effective in inhibiting mycelial growth of pathogen followed by extracts of bougainvillea, clerodendron and datura leaves. All antagonists viz., Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride and Pseudomonas fluorescens significantly reduced mycelial growth of M. phaseolina in vitro. However, T. viride and T. harzianum were proved the best with 70.27 and 67.5 per cent mycelial growth inhibition of M. phaseolina, respectively. Neem leaves (50 g/kg soil) was the most effective in reducing root-rot incidence/intensity under screenhouse conditions followed by clerodendron and bougainvillea leaves amendments. Neem seed powder and neem cake each @ 20 g/kg soil applied as organic amendment showed significant reduction in root-rot incidence/intensity as compared to control followed by jamun seed powder and castor cake. Dry seed dressing (1 g/kg seed) and soil application (5 g/kg soil) of bioagent, Trichoderma viride at various intervals produce lesser pre-emergence, post-emergence damping-off and charcoal rot incidence/intensity at maturity compared to control. Seed treatment as well as spray @ 100 ppm with either Isonicotinic acid (INA) or Salicylic acid (SA) was also found effective in reducing disease incidence/intensity under screenhouse conditions. Seed treatment with carbendazim (0.25%) showed the lowest disease incidence and intensity as compared to other treatments in the screenhouse and field conditions. In artificially inoculated conditions also (inoculated at pith region), seed treatment with carbendazim (0.25%) and soil application of neem cake (0.5 kg/m2) were the most effective. IDM (Integrated Disease Management) modules developed revealed that, soil application of neem cake (0.5 kg/m2) + Trichoderma viride (0.2 kg/m2) followed by seed treatment with carbendazim (0.25%) showed the lowest charcoal-rot incidence and intensity under field conditions.ThesisItem Open Access Role of privatization of extension services for sustainable agricultural development(CCSHAU, 2012) Jasvinder Kaur; Malik, Joginder S.The present study entitled ìRole of privatization of extension services for sustainable agricultural development was undertaken in the Ambala, Kurukshetra, Karnal, Hisar and Fatehabad districts of Haryana state with the following specific objectives : To explore the knowledge and attitude of farmersí towards privatization of agricultural extension services; To find out the farmer ís accessibility and preferences towards public and private extension services; To assess the feasibility of extension delivery mechanism of private agricultural extension agencies; To study the socio- economic and psychological characteristics of farmers utilizing private extension services. From each district two blocks were selected randomly and from each block two villages were selected. Manageable sizes of 10 farmers was selected from each village thus making total sample size of 200 farmers . A sample of 40 private extension agencies was also taken randomly ; from each district eight agencies were selected. The study revealed that majority of the respondents were in middle to old age groups, belonged to fair educational status , had agriculture as their main occupation and belonged to small to large land holding. Fur ther, farmers had medium to high extension contact, mass media participation, SES, risk preference, scientific orientation and economic motivation. As far as knowledge was concerned all the farmers had knowledge regarding different aspects of privatization of agricultural extension services and the highest knowledge was about general services (mean 6.61) followed by input supply (mean 6.00) and infrastructure facilities (mean 6.00) . Overall 82.50 per cent of farmers had high knowledge level regarding PAES. Among independent variables extension contact and education were found to have positive and significant association with knowledge of farmers. Farmers also had good attitude towards PAES as 82.00 per cent of the farmers fell between favourable to more favourable categor ies. Independent variables viz., education, occupation, land holding, SES and extension contact were found positively and significantly associated with attitude of farmers . Farmers had greater accessibility in private extension for input supply (mean 10.90) and nfrastructure facilities (mean 9.67) , while for consultancy & diagnosis services (mean 10.51) , information (mean 11.53) and technical services (mean 8.90) public extension was found more accessible in both the zones. Similarly , farmers prefer the consultancy & diagnosis services (mean 4.36), information (mean 5.63) and technical services (mean 3.82) in public extension, while for input supply (mean 5.84) and infrastructure (mean 4.08) they preferred more private extension services. Sixty five per cent of the farmers found private extension services highly feasible followed by 25 and 10 per cent with medium and low level of feasibility , respectively . Lacks of infrastructure facilities (rank I), communication gap ( rank II) and lack of coordination ( rank I II) were some of the commonly faced problems by private extension agencies. The study concluded that private and public extension services must work together for the overall development of the farming community .ThesisItem Open Access Effect of manures and biofertilizers on growth and yield of garlic(CCSHAU, 2012) Ramesh Kumar; Avtar SinghThe experiment entitled “Effect of manures and biofertilizers on growth and yield of garlic” was conducted at Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, CCS HAU, Agricultural University, Hisar during winter season of 2009-10. The experiment comprised the 15 treatments (manures and biofertilizers) and was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with three replications. Net plot size was kept 2.25× 2 m. Ten competitive plants were observed randomly from each experimental treatment to record data on various parameters that were influenced by different manures and biofertilizers. Plant height, number of leaves per plant, average length of leaves, average breadth of leaves were found maximum with treatment T6 followed by T11 at 45, 60 and 90 DAS and same trend was observed in case of average bulb diameter, bulb neck thickness, average bulb weight, number of clove per bulb, clove size, total plant biomass and shoot weight per plant. The yield parameters of garlic were significantly influenced by different manures and biofertilizers. The yield of garlic was found maximum with treatment of T11 (124.24 q/ha) which was on par with T9 (124.05 q/ha). The lowest garlic yield was observed with T15 (114.06 q/ha). HG-17 produced highest leaf dry matter (%), Bulb dry matter (%) and total soluble solids along with treatment of T6 followed by T11 and T14.ThesisItem Open Access Characterization of pearl millet [oennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] hybrids vis-a-vis their parents(CCSHAU, 2012) Satbeer Singh; Yadav, Y.P.morphological descriptors with the objective to identify key diagnostic characters of the genotypes. A set of 24 pearl millet genotypes (7 hybrids, 17 parental lines) was evaluated in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications at Hisar and RRS Bawal under irrigated and rainfed conditions, respectively during kharif 2011. Observations were recorded for 34 morphological, seed and yield characters and considerable amount of variation was found in material under study. All the genotypes were classified in different groups for each character. Majority of the qualitative/morphological characters found to be dominant in the hybrids were contributed by the male parent. Bristles (present/absent), nodal pubescence, seed covering were found as dominant characters. Nodal pubescence, nodal pigmentation, spike shape, spike density, spike tip sterility, sheath pubescence and spikelet glum colour distinguished all the 24 genotypes by assigning them key diagnostic features that would certainly help the plant breeders, seed growers and also seed certification agencies to use these diagnostic characters. Hybrids HHB 216, HHB 226, HHB 117 could be differentiated by bristle length, spikelet glume colour and spike tip sterility.ThesisItem Open Access To study the seasonal variation in growth, reproduction and vermicomposting efficiency of different earthworm species(CCSHAU, 2012) ANAND KUMAR; Sabhlok, V.P.Vermicomposting is a simple biotechnological process of composting, in which certain species of earthworms are used to enhance the process of waste conversion and produce a better end product. It is a mesophilic process, utilizing microorganisms and earthworms that are active at 10–32°C. The resulting vermicompost has been shown to have several positive impacts on plant growth and health. This organic fertilizer is therefore increasingly considered in agricultureand horticulture as a promising alternative to inorganic fertilizers and/or peat in greenhouse potting media. In presentstudies the direct and indirect effects of vermicompost on plant growth, as well as variability in the plant responses, were examined in pot experiment with chili, brinjal, okra, turnip and radish. Total five growth and yield parameters were recorded viz. height of plants, diameter of main stem, dry weight of whole plant (except fruit and roots), number of fruits per plant and total weight of fruits/seeds per plant and found better results. The effect of seasonal variation on the growth and reproduction was observed on different species of earthworms. The maximum numbers of cocoons, adults were recorded in E. fetida than P. excavatus and E. eugeniae. The rainy season was found to be better for the cocoon production and adult’s earthworm production in all the species as compared to the winter and summer seasons. The weight gain was recorded to be maximum i.e 1.90gm in case of E. eugeniaein rainy season and maximum length was 8.10cm in case of E. eugeniae as compared to E. fetidaand P. excavatus in rainy season. In present studies vermicompost was prepared from different agricultural wastes like wheat straw, millet straw, pulse brawn and mustard straw and were used as substrates for vermicomposting with a time interval at 0 day, 30 days, 60 days and 90 days. The changes in the micronutrients like nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, organic carban, and C: N ratio was observed. In different agricultural wastes different changes in nutrients were found. It was found that nitrogen% in wheat straw:cow dung (in ratio 1:5) was found to be maximum i.e. 1.74%, in mustard straw 1.80%, in pulse brawn 1.91%, in millet straw 1.86%, in cow dung as control the nitrogen % was found to be 1.30% after 90 days. Potassium % was found to be 1.72% in wheat straw. In mustard it was 2.05%, in pulse brawn potassium % it was 1.53%, in millet straw it was observed to be 1.63% and in cow dung potassium % was found to be 1.07% after 90 days. Phosphorus wasfound to be maximum in wheat straw waste mixture. It was found to be maximum i.e 2.09% as compared to other wastes. The organic carban and C: N ratio was decreased in percentage after time interval during vermicomposting. In experiment I (2009- 2010) and II (2010- 2011). There were similar trend resuts were observed.ThesisItem Open Access Identification of physiological and molecular markers for salinity tolerance in wheat(CCSHAU, 2012) ASHA; Dhingra, H.R.The present investigation was carried out on eight varieties of wheat viz. WH157, WH1021, RAJ3765, KRL19, WH711, PBW550, WH542 and PBW502, to screen them for salinity tolerance on the basis of sexual characters and yield, to find biochemical, physiological and molecular basis of salinity tolerance under in vitro and in vivo conditions and to select and evaluate salinity tolerant somaclones. In the first experiment, all the eight varieties of wheat were subjected to a range of chloride dominated salinity viz. control 4, 8 and 12 dSm -1 to study its effect on physiological parameters like seedling emergence, chlorophyll fluorescence, membrane injury, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, water use efficiency, proline content and osmotic potential. In addition to these reproductive parameters like spike length, number of pollen/anther, pollen viability and in vitro pollen germination and yield and grain quality parameters like grain weight per spike, 100 grain weight, grain yield/plant, sedimentation value, hectoliter weight, starch and protein content of grain and mineral content (Na + , K + , Cl and SO 4 2-) were also recorded. Salinity decreased and delayed seedling emergence in all varieties. It also exercised inhibitory effect on plant height particularly in PBW550, WH542 and WH711. Salinity increased electrolyte leakage of flag leaf,increase being maximum in variety WH711 followed by PBW550 while minimum in WH1021 followed by KRL19. Photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate decreased with increasing saline irrigation in all varieties, but PBW550, WH542 and PBW502 suffered most. Water use efficiency (WUE) remained nearly unchanged under saline conditions. Salinity induced accumulation of proline in flag leaf of all tested varieties;percent accumulation being highest in WH157 followed by KRL19 and least in PBW550 and WH711 at highest level of salinity. The Ψs of flag leaf became more negative with increasing level of salinity stress. Number of spikes/plant, spike length, number of florets/spikelet decreased with salinity. Pollen production, pollen viability (%), in vitro pollen germination and tube growth were also adversely affected with increasing salinity; the effect being most pronounced in varieties PBW550and WH711. The yield parameters like number of grains/spike, grain weight/plant, 100 grain weight decreased with increasing salinity, however varieties KRL19 and WH1021 were less affected than others. Grain quality parameters like sedimentation xvi value and hectoliter weight decreased at higher salinity levels. Reduction for sedimentation value was more in PBW550 over other varieties and least in WH1021. Biochemical studies also revealed a decline in protein and starch content of grain with increasingsalinity. Analysis of mineral composition of seed showed a decrease in K + /Na + ratio and an increase in chloride and sulphate content. Minimum reduction for K + /Na + ratio at 12 dSm -1 salinity was observed in KRL19 followed by WH157 and RAJ3765. MS medium supplemented with 4 mg/l concentration of 2,4-D (MS1) was the best callusing and growth supporting medium for mature embryo. Culturing of actively growing callus on MS1 medium supplemented with a range of salinity (Control 4, 8 and 12 dSm -1 ) resulted in decline in RGR after 3 and 6 weeks of incubation. Varieties WH1021, WH157 and KRL19 possessed higher RGR than other varieties. Tissue culture studies adduced support to pot culture experiment for the parameters like osmotic potential, proline content, starch and protein content, K + /Na + ratio, Cl - and SO4 2- content at both stages of sampling i.e. after 3 and 6 weeks of incubation. Repeated sub-culturing of callus for 6 generations from sensitive varieties WH711 and PBW550 on MS1 medium with or without salinity, generated four different callus lines viz. control, salinity unadapted, salinity adapted and salinity adapted transferred to salinity free medium. RGR, osmotic potential, starch and protein content, K + /Na + ratio decreased while proline, Cl and SO 4 2-content increased in all salinity exposed callus lines as compared to control. Salinityadapted callus lines performed better than salinity unadapted callus lines for all parameters. Adapted calli when transferred to salinity free medium showed improved performance in respect of different evaluation parameters. Salinity induced synthesis of new polypeptide bands with M.W. 69.1, 36.3, 21.8, 17.3 and 15.1 kDa in salt tolerant WH1021 and in salt sensitive WH711,polypeptide bands with M.W. 79.4 & 75.8 kDa disappeared concomitant with synthesis of polypeptide bandswith M.W. 60.2, 36.3, 17.3 and 15.1 kDa.ThesisItem Open Access To Study The Seasonal Variation In Growth, Reproduction And Vermicomposting Efficiency Of Different Earthworm Species(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, College Of Basic Sciences And Humanities : Hisar, 2012) Kumar, Anand; Sabhlok, V. P.ThesisItem Open Access Assessment of nutritional status of urban obese women (30-45 years) and impact of nutrition education(CCSHAU, 2012) Sangwan, Anju; Kawatra, AshaThe present study was conducted purposively on 300 urban obese female respondents (30-45 years) 100 each from Hisar, Karnal and Bhiwani cities of Haryana state. Hundred normal healthy women of same age group as those of obese respondents were also taken as control. Nutritional status of total 400 female respondents was assessed through dietary intake, anthropometric measurements and clinical assessment. Fifty obese respondents from Hisar city were selected for imparting nutrition education. Nutrition education was imparted to the obese respondents with the help of audio visual aids on weekly basis for three months and knowledge gained after three months was assessed. Impact of nutrition education was studied for changes in dietary intake and anthropometric measurements.. The results of the study revealed that majority of the obese respondents were in the age group of 40-45 years whereas non-obese respondents were in the age group of 30-35 years from Hisar, Karnal and Bhiwani. Most of the respondents belonged to general caste and Hindu religion. Majority of the obese respondents were using vegetable oil for cooking purposes and majority of obese respondents from all three cities were consuming butter and desi ghee as extra fat. Daily mean intake of most of the food groups i.e. cereals, roots & tubers, fruits, milk & milk products, fats & oils, sugar & jaggery by obese respondents was significantly higher and that of green leafy vegetables and other vegetables was significantly lower than that of their non-obese counterparts in all the three cities. Daily mean intake of most of the nutrients (energy, protein, fat, calcium, thiamine, ascorbic acid) by obese respondents was significantly higher than non-obese respondents except iron and β-carotene. Energy balance of obese female was positive as they had high intake and less expenditure where as energy balance of non-obese was negative. Significant increase in knowledge scores regarding importance of balanced diet and other important aspects were observed after receiving nutrition education to selected obese respondents. Anthropometric measurements of the respondents from all the three cities showed significant differences in all the parameters of non-obese and obese respondents. Significant change in food and nutrient intake of obese respondents was observed after receiving nutrition education. Decrease in weight (76.6 kg) and body mass index (30.8 kg/m 2 ) of obese respondents was also observed after three months of nutrition education. There was positive and significant correlation of anthropometric parameters with food and nutrient intake of obese respondents but this correlation was non-significant in case of non-obese respondents.
