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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.
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ThesisItem Open Access Effect of different pruning intensities on growth and yield of mustard varieties under neem (Azadirachta indica) based agroforestry system(CCSHAU Hisar, 2022-08) Rakesh Kumar; S.K. DhandaThe present investigation entitled “Effect of different pruning intensities on growth and yield of mustard varieties under Neem (Azadirachta indica) based agroforestry system” was carried out at the experimental field of the department of forestry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar from October 2021 to April 2022. The performance of three mustard varieties (RH 30, RH 749 and RH 725) grown as sole cropping and intercropping with different pruning intensities of neem (Azadirachta indica) were noted to ascertain the effect of environment on growth, yield attributes, yield and oil content. Various growth, biochemical and yield attributing characteristics of different mustard varieties were observed significantly higher in sole mustard crop (devoid of tree) than under neem plantation except for days to 50% flowering and maturity. Among the various varieties, RH 725 was recorded as the best performing variety in all the treatments revealing its high potential in both sole cropping and agroforestry. Mean yield reduction over control in different environment was 38.54 %, 57.48 %, 66.95% and 76.12 % in 75 %, 50%, 25% pruning intensity and no pruning respectively. The B:C ratio under sole cropping was 1.70, 2.06 and 2.19 for variety RH 30, RH 749 and RH 749 respectively while it was 1.12, 1.22 and 1.32 for 75% pruning intensity of neem. In 50%, 25% pruning and no pruning B:C ratio comes less than 1.ThesisItem Open Access Long-term effects of organic manures and fertilizers application on soil phosphorus dynamics and wheat yield(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2022-11) Rakesh Kumar; Sharma, Manoj KumarAn on-going long-term field experiment started since 1995 (Rabi) under pearl millet-wheat cropping system at research farm of department of Soil Science, CCS HAU was selected to study the effects of various combinations of organic manures and fertilizers on phosphorus dynamics and wheat yield. The plant and soil samples were collected after 24 cycles of pearl millet-wheat cropping system after the harvest of wheat crop. Irrespective of the treatments, soil EC, SOC, N, P and K. were higher in surface soils as compared to lower depth soils. Continuous addition of organic manures alone or in combination with chemical fertilizers for 24 years decreased the soil pH as compared to initial value. A significantly increase in SOC, available N, P and K content was observed with integrated nutrient management practices as compared to organic manures or chemical fertilizers applied alone. The highest SOC content (1.18 and 0.70 in 0-15 and 15-30 cm soil depths, respectively) was observed in plot receiving FYM along with recommended dose of N and half of recommended dose of P fertilizer. Application of organic manures alone or in combination with recommended dose of N and half of recommended dose of P fertilizer resulted in decrease in N as compared to initial status of N at the start of experiment. The amount of P adsorption by different treatments followed the order N150P60 > poultry manure5 > pressmud7.5 > FYM15 >Poultry manure5N150P30 > Pressmud7.5N150P30 > FYM15N150P30. The trend of adsorption suggests that the use of organic manures along with fertilizer reduces P adsorption. The soil that adsorbed a large amount of applied P during adsorption study, tended to desorbs a lower amount of adsorbed P in desorption study and vise-versa. A rise in P was observed up to 30th day of incubation and then a decrease was noticed. Combined application of organic manures along with recommended dose of N and half of recommended dose of P fertilizer i.e. FYM15N150P30 and Pressmud7.5N150P30 recorded 18 and 21%, respectively higher grain yield as compared to recommended dose of NP fertilizers. The higher N, P and K content in wheat grain and straw was observed with the conjunctive use of organic manures along with recommended dose of N and half of recommended dose of P fertilizer. The integrated use of organic manures and fertilizers resulted in higher productivity, improved soil health.ThesisItem Open Access Distribution and fractionation of Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu in different soil series of Haryana(CCSHAU, 2017) Rakesh Kumar; Sangwan, P. S.This study was conducted to determine the depth-wise distribution and concentration of available, Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu in different soil series of Haryana. Soil samples were collected from each soil series at four different depths using Global Positioning System (GPS). Results showed that the soils were coarse textured to moderately fine textured, neutral to alkaline in reaction, safe in electrical conductivity, low to medium in OC content and non-calcareous to calcareous in nature. The DTPAextractable Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents ranged from 0.16-3.70, 1.81-22.09, 1.79-13.72 and 0.07-2.74 mg kg-1, respectively. Maximum concentration was recorded in surface soil and it decreased with depth. Soil pH in general showed a negative correlation while OC was significantly and positively correlated with DTPA-Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu. The overall availability of micronutrient Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu at soil surface was sufficient. There was sharp decrease in nutrient index values for Zn and Fe as compared to Mn and Cu with increase in soil depth. Fifty percent of the profile samples contain available Zn below the critical value while 31.9% of the samples were found deficient in Fe. Whereas, only 2.8 and 4.2% of the profile samples tested were below the critical limit of Mn and Cu, respectively. With regard to distribution of these micronutrients in soil fractions, total amounts of the elements ranged from 36.02 to 72.45 mg kg-1 for Zn and 689.47 to 1560.56 mg kg-1 for Fe, and 329.75 to 427.50 and 18.15 to 49.20 mg kg-1 for Mn and Cu, respectively. A sequential fractionation showed that 0.4-1.9% of total Zn was exchangeable, 2.1-7.7% was OM-Zn and 3.5-17.6% was CaCO3-Zn. The corresponding values for Fe and Mn were 0.01-0.4, 0.3-1.3, 0.2-0.3% and 0.6-1.0, 3.0-11.9, 0.8-4.6%, respectively. The amounts of soil Cu in Ex-, OM- and CaCO3 -, comprised 1.0-2.5, 0.9-2.2 and 8.5-28.7% of total Cu, respectively. The different forms of Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu were mainly associated in the residual fraction. The coefficients of correlation (r) for Ex- fractions responded significantly with clay and OC content. Resibound fractions were positively and significantly correlated with most of the soil properties. The results of the incubation study with respect to periodical changes showed that in general as the period of incubation increased, a gradual decrease in soil Zn was noticed up to 60 DAI while the amount of DTPA-extractable Mn and Fe increased initially (up to 10 and 30 DAI, respectively) and thereafter consistent decrease was observed towards the later period of incubation. The DTPA-extractable Cu also showed more or less same release behavior with advancement of incubation period.ThesisItem Open Access Production, Purification And Characterization Of Tannase From Microbial Source(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University;Hisar, 2003) Rakesh Kumar; Randhir SinghThesisItem Open Access Phenotypic Stability And Genetic Diversity In Pea ( Pisum Sativum L.)(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2005) Rakesh Kumar; Ram DhariThesisItem Open Access Eco-friendly management of damping-off of tomato caused by pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitz.(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University;Hisar, 2004) Rakesh Kumar; Hooda, IndraThesisItem Open Access Performance Of Intercropping And Stripcropping Systems Of Pearl Millet- Legume Association(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University;Hisar, 2004) Rakesh Kumar; Hooda, R. S.ThesisItem Open Access Assessment of different cultivars of ber (Ziziphus mauritina Lamk.) for their shelf life(CCSHAU, 2006) Rakesh Kumar; Sharma, R.K.The present investigation “Assessment of different cultivars of their ber (Ziziphus mauritana Lamk.) for their shelf life" was carried out in Post Harvest Technology Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. Ber fruit of cultivars Sandhura Narnaul, Gola, Narma, Chonchal, Sanaur-5, Kaithli, Banarsi Karaka, Muria mahrana, Umran, ZG-3, Kathaphal, Illaichi were harvest at green mature stage and stored at 250C and 100C. It has been observed that PLW, decay loss and ripening of fruits increased during storage at both the temperature. Among these cultivars stored minimum PLW, decay and ripening was observed in cultivar Umran followed by Sanaur-5, Kaithli and Sandhur Narnaul at 250C. Whereas, 10oC storage was most effective in reducing PLW, decay and ripening as compared to 25 oC. Ripening started on 2nd day at 25 oC and on 4th day at 10 oC. Decay loss was started on 2nd day at 25 oC and on 8th day at 10 oC. Among different cultivars minimum decay loss was recorded in Umran followed by Sanura-5 and Muria Mahrara while it was maximum in Illaichi followed by Chonchal and Narma at 250C. Whereas, minimum decay loss was recorded in Sanaur-5 followed by Urman and ZG-3 and maximum in Illachi followed by Chonchal and Kathaphal on 20th day at 100C. The fruit firmness decreased progressively with increase in storage period at both the temperature. On 8th day storage maximum fruit firmness was observed in Umran followed by Sanaur-5 and Muria Mharara minimum in Illaichi followed by Narma and Chonchal at 250C. Whereas, at 100C maximum was recorded in Umran followed by Sanaur-5 and Gola minimum firmness was in Narma followed by Illaichi and Chonchal on 20th day storage. The continuous decreased in specific gravity was observed at 250C and 10 oC the rate of decreasing was faster and higher at 25 oC and compared to 10 oC. Maximum specific gravity was recorded in Umran followed by Sanaur-5 and Banarsi Karaka and minimum in Illaichi followed by Kathaphal and Chonchal at 250C on 8th day. Whereas, at 100C maximum specific gravity was recorded in Umran followed by Sandhura Narnaul and Kaithli and minimum in Illaichi followed Khathaphal and Chonchal. TSS, total sugar, reducing sugar and non reducing sugar were found maximum Illaichi followed by Chonchal and Kaithli and minimum in Narma, Sandhura Narnaul and ZG-3 on 8th day at 250C. Whereas at 100C maximum in Illaichi followed by Sanaur-5 and Kaithali and minimum in Narma followed by ZG-3 and Sandhura Narnaul on 20th day of storage. Acidity was recorded maximum in Khataphal followed by Muria Mahrara and ZG-3 while minimum in Narma followed by Gola and Kaithli on 8th day of storage. Maximum acidity content was found in Khataphal followed by Sandhura Narnaul and ZG-3 while it was minimum in Umran followed by Banarsi Karaka and Narma on 20th day of storage at 100C. Ascorbic acid were increased initially and then decreased during later storage at 250C and 10 oC respectively. Maximum ascorbic acid was found in Kaithli followed by Illaichi and Sandhura Narnaul and minimum in Chonchal followed by Narma and Gola on 8th day on 250C. However, cultivar Kaithli exhibited maximum ascorbic acid at 100C storage followed by Illaichi and Khathaphal on 20th day of storage. Phenols were founds maximum in Khathaphal followed by Muria Mahrara and Umran and it was minimum in Chonchal followed by Banarsi Kharaka and Narma at both the temperature i.e. 250C and 100C on 8th and 20th day of storage, respectively. Chlorophyll were found maximum in Umran followed by Sanaur-5 and ZG-3 while it was minimum in Chonchal followed by Illaichi and Khathaphal on 8th day of storage at 250C. At 100C maximum chlorophyll content was recorded in ZG-3 followed by Kaithli and Sanaur-5 while it was minimum in Chonchal followed by Illaichi and Muria Mahrara on 20th day of storage. Carotenoids increased with increase in storage period as well as temperature were recorded maximum in Chonchal followed by Muria Mahrara and Umran and minimum in Banarsi Karaka followed by Kaithli and Kathaphal on 8th day of storage at 250C. Whereas, at 100C maximum carotenoids content was observed in Chonchal, Illaichi and Umran and minimum was recorded in Kaithli followed by Banarsi Karaka and Gola on 20th day of storge.ThesisItem Open Access Stability analysis and molecular characterization of elite pearlmillet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] hybrids(CCSHAU, 2007) Rakesh Kumar; Chhabra, A.K.Two experiments were conducted to study the stability, correlation and path coefficient for eleven traits in thirty hybrids of pearlmillet at three locations and to molecularly charcterize these hybrids with proteins and isoenzyme profiles. Significant genotypic differences were observed for all the traits in all the three environments. Estimates of environment index revealed that E1 (irrigated condition at Hisar) was the most favourable environment for all of the characters. The G x E interaction was highly significant for all the characters. The estimates of stability parameters of individual genotype revealed that hybrids HHB-146 and HHB-197 were most ideal hybrid. Besides high grain yield, it exhibited stable performance across the environments for harvest index, plant height ,total tillers and ear length. Correlation study revealed that grain yield was significantly and positively correlated with harvest index, ear girth, effective tillers, dry fodder yield and biological yield in all the three environments. The path coefficient analysis suggested the importance of biological yield as it has direct positive effect and indirect effect on grain yield in all environments. Hence, while breeding for increased grain yield main emphasis should be given on biological yield. In another experiment proteins and isoenzyme profiles produced a lot of polymorphic bands. However, they also detected some unique bands useful for fingerprinting of hybrids/male parents/female parents so these can play important role in registration of plant material and pedigree studies.
