Thumbnail Image

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

Browse

2010 - 20145
Reset filters
Subject: Zoology × End date: 2014 × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Feeding potential of Tyrophagus putrescentiae Schrank (Acari: Acaridae) and its management
    (CCSHAU, 2010) Anita; Gulati, Rachna
    The studies on mean population of T. putrescentiae, percent weight loss and damage caused to grains qualitatively revealed that none of the grains was completely immune to pest infestation, however their susceptibility varied significantly (p=0.05).Susceptibility of grains/ flakes increased significantly with increase in initial infestation level and duration of infestation. Among the four foods, oat flakes was found significantly more susceptible (CD = 7.87; p = 0.05) as more number of mites (240.73 mites/5g grain) was recorded than on green gram flakes (207.26 mites/5g grain) and whole grains of oats (186 mites/5g grain). Least number of mites (173.26 mites/5g grain) was recorded from whole grains of green gram. The weight loss in oat flakes was 148.49mg/ 5g followed by loss in green gram flakes (121.40 mg/ 5g), oat grains (99.65mg/ 5g) and green gram grains (92.02 mg/ 5g) at pre count of 60 mites. Highly significant positive correlation (r= 0.93 to 0.99) was recorded at 15, 30 and 45 days between T. putrescentiae population and weight loss in oat grains. Qualitative estimation of oat flakes revealed the losses in protein contents (0.4 to 1.22%), total soluble sugars (0.5 to 1.35%), starch (0.24 to 1.38%) and non reducing sugars (3.49 to 9.97%) after 45 days of infestation. However, the reducing sugars exhibited a marked increase from 1.9 g/100 g (control) to 2.72 g/100 g flakes at 45 days of mite exposure when subjected to initial count of 20 mites/ 5g flakes. Aqueous extracts of Ocimum sanctum leaves and Glycyrrhiza glabra stems showed concentration dependent activity against T. putrescentiae in oat flakes. Among the extracts, G. glabra was effective as it provided 71.53 to 94.75 percent relative protection against T. putrescentiae whereas, O. sanctum extract caused 66 to 92 percent reductions in number at different durations.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on insect pollinators on onion (Allium cepa L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2011) Sunita Devi; Gulati, Rachna
    The studies on insect pollinators of onion (Allium cepa L.) revealed that a total of 25 insect species belonging to fourteen families of four orders were recorded from the umbels of onion at Hisar during March – April, 2010. Hymenopterans were the major floral visitors of onion umbels and were most abundant (60%) followed by Lepidoptera (20%) and Diptera (12%). Coleoptera were recorded as least abundant (8%) amongst the four families. All the four Apis species viz. A. dorsata, A. cerana, A. mellifera, A. florea were recorded as top workers on onion umbels as pollen and nectar gatherers. Data on abundance of bee pollinators revealed that irrespective of different day hours, significantly maximum numbers of Apis dorsata was recorded from onion umbels (5.24 bees/m2/5 min.) followed by A. mellifera (4.05 bees/m2/5 min.) and A. cerana (2.93 bees/m2/5 min.) and A. florea (1.79 bees/m2/5 min.). Irrespective different species, the mean population of bees was significantly more during 0800-1000 hours of the day (bees/m2/5 min.) followed by 1600-1800 h., 1400-1600 h and 0600-800 h (2.97 bees/m2/5 min.). Apis dorsata recorded maximum frequency of occurrence (39%) during blooming period followed by A. mellifera (31%), A. cerana (16%) and A. florea (14%). Among different bee species, A. dorsata initiated foraging on onion umbels little earlier (0630 h) than other bees in morning. Total foraging (activity) time was longest for A. dorsata (1170 h) with maximum abundance (5.24 bees/m2/5 min) suggested it to be an efficient pollinator of A. cepa umbels in the present investigation. Maximum and minimum temperature showed significantly positive correlation (r = 0.609 to 0.739) with bee species whereas evening relative humidity showed significant negative correlation (r = -0.644 to -0.736). The data on foraging speed i.e. time spent by different bee species on A. cepa umbels showed A. dorsata (3.33 seconds/ umbel) differed significantly from A. mellifera (2.96 seconds/ umbel), A. cerana (2.90 seconds/ umbel) and A. florea (2.65 seconds/ umbel).On the basis of abundance, time spent on umbels, umbels visited, loose pollen grains sticking to bee body and pollination index, A. dorsata was considered as the most efficient pollinator of onion seed crops followed by A. mellifera, A. cerana and A. florea under agro-ecological conditions of Hisar. The effect of different modes of pollination showed that seed set per umbel, seed weight, germination and seedling length were statistically comparable with each other in Open-pollination and Beepollination. The trend shows that bee strength of two and three frames was equally effective (statistically comparable) in seed setting and subsequent germination, seedling length, therefore, for 10 m × 10 m area, nucleus hive of two frame strength of A. mellifera population is sufficient for seed setting in onion seed crop.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Quantitative and qualitative losses due to tyrophagus putrescentiae schrank (Acari: Acaridae) in wheat and its management
    (CCSHAU, 2014) Arvind; Gulati, Rachna
    The studies on quantitative and qualitative losses due to Tyrophagus putrescentiae infestation in wheat grains/flour revealed Amongst the two, wheat flour was found significantly better as more number of mites (2517.73 mobile stages and 1742.73 eggs/ 100g flour) was recorded than on wheat grains (643.16 mites and519.87 eggs/ 100g grain). Irrespective of the form of wheat, maximum number of mites (3605.53 mites/ 100 g wheat) was witnessed at 180 days which showed significant difference with mite numbers at other observation periods. Percent weight loss was significantly more (1.92%) on wheat flour, as compared to wheat grain (0.73%) showing highly significant positive correlation with T. putrescentiae population in grains (r= 0.98) and flour (r= 0.94). Qualitative estimation of infested grains and flour revealed the decrease in total soluble sugars (60.60, 54.71mg/1g), non reducing sugars (32.95, 24.97 mg/1g) and starch (367.35, 322.72mg/1g) after 180 days of infestation, respectively as compared to 67.16, 43.06 and 444.18 mg/1 g at 0 day; depicting significant negative correlation. However, the reducing sugars exhibited a significant increase from24.10 to 27.65, 29.74 mg/1g at 180 days of mite exposure in wheat grains and flour, respectively when subjected to initial count of 100 mite pairs, showing significant positive correlation. A significant positive correlation (r= 0.91) was recorded between protein content and mite population in wheat flour. Percent loss in wheat germination due to T. putrescentiae population at different durations was recorded as 4.67, 38, 60 and 77.34 percent after 0, 30, 90 and 180 days. Higher concentrations (2 and 1%) of leaf powder of Withania somnifera, Pongamia pinnata and Azadirachta indica in wheat grains caused 100 percent mortality in T. putrescentiae after 45 days post treatment.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of chilli hybrids for resistance against mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (Acari: Tarsonemidae)
    (CCSHAU, 2014) Monika; Gulati, Rachna
    Studies on the screening of fourteen chilli hybrids against Polyphagotarsonemus latus revealed wide difference in population of P. latus (2.53 to 6.28 mites per leaf), however, none of them was found immune to this pest. Among the hybrids, maximum population developed on hybrid 10/CHIhyb-7 (6.28 mites/leaf) followed by 5.70 mites/leaf on 10/CHIhyb-6; both were statistically comparable with each other but significantly higher than population recorded on other hybrids. Leaf wise, maximum population build up of P. latus was noticed on the top leaves (36.59 %) followed by middle (33.51 %) and bottom (29.89 %) chilli leaves. A peak in mite population was recorded in second fortnight of October (9.54 mites/ leaf), which afterwards showed a gradual decline in number. Hybrids 9/CHIhyb-4, 9/CHIhyb-10 and 9/CHIhyb-8 were marked the least susceptible hybrids; Kashi Anmol, 10/CHIhyb-3, 10/CHIhyb-5 and 10/CHIhyb-16 as slightly susceptible; 10/CHIhyb-2, 10/CHIhyb-9, 10/CHIhyb-10, 10/CHIhyb-11 and 10/CHIhyb-12 as moderately susceptible and 10/CHIhyb-6, 10/CHIhyb-7 as highly susceptible hybrids. A comparison of fertilizer treatments showed that farm yard manure @ 20t/ha was most effective, followed by vermicompost (5t/ha), poultry manure and neem cake (2t/ha) treatment as compared to NPK and control. P. latus population showed significant positive correlation with minimum temperature (r = 0.73), morning (r= 0.70) and evening actual vapour pressure (r= 0.65). Feeding by mites leads to formation of feeding patches, bronzing of leaves, downward curling, stunted growth, and elongation of petiole of older leaves along with younger small sized curled leaves. Negative and highly significant correlation was recorded between mite incidence and fruit number, fruit length and yield. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total sugar and non reducing sugars of chilli leaves showed a significant decline with increase in P. latus infestation whereas, phenol and reducing sugars increased in mite damaged leaves .
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effects of heavy metals on concentration of biomolecules in earthworm (Eisenia foetida)
    (CCSHAU, 2014) Yadav, Jyoti; Gupta, R.K.
    A study of 90 days duration was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of an exotic earthworm species (epigeic- Eisenia foetida ) for decomposition of different kind of organic substrates. Five experimental vermibeds along with three replicates each were prepared by using cowdung along with different combinations of wheat straw, rice straw, vegetable waste and sugarcane baggasse having ratio 5:1. The result obtained indicates reduction in C: N ratio, which indicates the reduction in biodegradable organic content and increase in nitrogen content. The decrease in carbon and increase in nitrogen content improves the quality of vermicompost as manure. The best results of vermicomposting have been obtained from the substrate having cow dung and rice straw (5:1) due to the probability that rice straw is easily palatable and digestible for earthworms having constant pH. Then the survivability and reproduction rate of earthworms was checked on weekly intervals for one month which showed least survivability in case of Cd (0.06 ppm) followed by Cd(0.03 ppm) + Zn (0.03 ppm). Cocoon production rate and hatchling rate declined at high concentrations of heavy metals individually as well as in combination. Sewage also showed the significant decline in survivability, cocoon production rate as well as in number of hatchlings per cocoon. Then the effect of heavy metals on the biomolecular concentration of earthworms was analyzed for three months at interval of 45 days where sewage did not showed the significant differences in the biomolecular concentration as compared to the control. The maximum reduction among all heavy metals treatment was seen in the case of cadmium (0.06 ppm). Thus the study proves that Cadmium is more toxic and detrimental to earthworms as compared to control.