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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

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2018 - 201912020 - 20231
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Subject: Zoology × Author: Renu × Start date: 2011 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Analysis of vermiwash as a biofertilizer and heavy metal genotoxicity in earthworm, Eisenia fetida
    (Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University hisar, 2023-01) Renu; Gupta, R. K
    The present study was carried out to investigate the toxicity of As and Cr on earthworms, E. fetida and to analyze the vermiwash as a biofertilizer. The LC50 values of both heavy metals for E. fetida were calculated by paper contact toxicity and substrate contact toxicity method. LC50 of As and Cr at 24 h for adult E. fetida were 1.95% w/v and 0.14% w/v, respectively, while at 14 days were 273.23 and 205.09 mg/kg, respectively that confirm the higher toxicity of Cr compared to As. Then the earthworms were exposed to lower doses than LC50 of both heavy metals to analyze their effects on survival, growth, reproduction, behaviour, antioxidant system and DNA damage. The survival, reproduction and growth were decreased with increased heavy metal concentrations. Earthworms also showed a clear avoidance response to both the heavy metals, with strong and significant (p<0.05) differences in all treatments. The maximum reduction in antioxidant enzyme activities from 14 to 28 days of heavy metal exposure i.e. 38.13% in SOD, 30.03% in CAT, 53.16% in POD and 9.36% in GST activity was observed in earthworms exposed to T8. The maximum increase (45.59%) in MDA content from 0 to 28 days of heavy metals exposure was observed in T8 followed by T4. The significant increase in comet tail length and percent tail DNA across all treatments clearly provided evidence that As and Cr effectively damaged the DNA.Three types of vermiwash (VW I, II and III) were prepared and analyzed for different physico-chemical parameters and bacterial diversity. The maximum micro and macronutrients were observed in the VW III followed by VW I and VW II. The effects of these vermiwashes on various growth, yield and physiological parameters of okra and chilli were studied. The results showed that the application of different concentrations of vermiwash significantly enhanced the vegetative growth, yield and physiology of both okra and chilli plants.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of heavy metals on bio-molecules and immune cells of earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Renu; Dharambir Singh
    Earthworms are important components of the soil ecosystem, because their burrowing and feeding activities contribute notably to increase water infiltration, soil aeration and the stabilization of soil aggregates. Recent years have witnessed the contamination of soil ecosystem by heavy metals, which are considered as one of the major environmental issue. Presence of heavy metals in the soil environment adversely affects the earthworm populations resulting in an imbalance of the normal functioning of the various components of the ecosystem and due to this reason; the present study was carried out to investigate the effect of heavy metals on biomolecules and immune cells of earthworm, E. eugeniae. The results obtained showed the acute toxicity of two heavy metals individually as well as in combination of different concentrations on earthworms in terms of survival rate, growth (length and weight), reproductive efficacy, cocoon production, bio-molecules and coelomocytes. Maximum reduction in length (4.47 cm) and weight (0.41 g) of earthworm was seen in case of soil treated with Pb-0.06ppm as compared to control. Similar decrease in the survivability of earthworms was 43.35% and number of cocoons reduced upto 24.67 in case of Pb-0.06ppm contaminated soil. The maximum reduction in bio-molecules i.e. 16.23% in crude protein 28.55% in carbohydrate and 44.74% in crude lipid concentration was seen in earthworms treated with Pb-0.06ppm. In case of coelomocytes, there was a significant reduction in the total number of coelomocytes (67.39 %) in worms exposed to Pb (0.06 ppm). Similarly significant reduction in eleocytes, amoebocytes-I, amoebocytes-II, granulocytes-I and granulocytes- II was seen. Thus the study proves that Lead is more toxic and detrimental to earthworms as compared to Nickel.