Thumbnail Image

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

Browse

2014 - 20192
Reset filters
Subject: Soil Science × Author: Bhat, Mohammad Amin × Start date: 1998 × Type: Thesis ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Kinetics of potassium release and its response to maize and oats in major soil orders of Haryana
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Bhat, Mohammad Amin; Grewal, K.S.
    The data on physico-chemical properties of the soil samples reveal that the soils were alkaline in reaction, non-saline, non-calcareous, sand to sandy clay loam in texture and having low to medium organic carbon and available P and low available N. The variation in soil properties reflects the diverse parent materials. The kinetics of non-exchangeable potassium release from whole soil and different soil fractions collected from major soil orders of Haryana was investigated using nitric, citric and oxalic acids. Calcium saturated soils and soil separates were equilibrated for 0.25 to 100 hr. The release of K increased as a function of time. Almost more than half of the potassium was released in first five hours of equilibration thereafter the release plateaued. The maximum K release was observed in clay fraction followed by whole soils, silt, fine sand and minimum in coarse sand at all the three concentrations of the acids concerned. Highest amount of K was released from the soils and soil separates using oxalic acid followed by nitric acid and lowest by citric acid. By and large, the release of non-exchangeable K was maximum in Alfisols followed by Inceptisols, Aridisols and least in Entisols.The kinetics of potassium release was evaluated using zero order, first order, Elovich, parabolic and power functions. In general, Elovich equation and power function equation best described the potassium release from soil and its fractions as evidenced by higher values of coefficient of determination (R2) and lowest value of standard error (SE) of estimate. Water soluble accounted for 0.06 percent, available K accounted for 0.56 percent, exchangeable K constituted 0.51 percent and non exchangeable K constituted about 3.21 percent of total K. More than 94 percent of the total K was in mineral form suggesting that parent material is the origin of most of the K. The positive and significant correlations amongst the forms of K are indicative of the existence of interdependency and dynamic equilibrium between K forms. Positive and significant correlation between non-exchangeable K and clay (r =0.80; p ≤ 0.05) and silt fraction (r =0.95; p ≤ 0.01) suggest that finer fractions would supply K when soil solution and exchangeable K are depleted. The potassium releasing power of various soils was assessed in screen house by growing maize and oats in succession. As far as total K uptake by crops is concerned, available K contributed 33.59 per cent whereas contribution from non-exchangeable sources was nearly 66.41 per cent to total K uptake. Better correlation coefficients between cumulative K uptake and non-exchangeable K release to oxalic acid can be used to predict and ascertain the long term K supplying power of the soils. The constants ‗a‘ and‗b‘ calculated from Elovich equation were significantly correlated with available K and cumulative yield. However, both the constants showed positive correlation with cumulative but non significant.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Geoinformatics for groundwater characterization − A case study
    (CCSHAU, 2014) Bhat, Mohammad Amin; Grewal, M.S.
    The block Gohana is part of Sonipat district which lies between 28º57' and 29 12' N latitude to 76º38' and 76º52' E longitude with total area of 36,448 hectares. To ascertain the quality of groundwater and its impact on physico-chemical properties soil, water samples were collected from all the villages of block and analysed by standard methods. Based on the results of water analysis, soil samples from eighteen sites were collected and analysed for their physico-chemical properties by standard procedures. This study was accomplished by employing Geoinformatics to delineate and estimate salt affected soils. Out of 2.41% of salt affected area, 1.13% is moderately salt affected and 1.28% is strongly salt affected. The pH, EC, SAR and RSC in groundwater ranged from 7.19 - 9.72, 0.29 -15.76 (dSm-1), 4.03 - 24.16 (mmol l-1)1/2 and 0 - 9.2(me l-1), respectively. The cations ( Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+) and anions (Cl–, SO4 2–, HCO3 –, CO3 2– and NO3 –, F–) varied from 2.85 -114.6, 0.15 - 12, 0.45 - 36.2, 0.05 -0.99 (me l-1) and 0.8 - 115.4, 0.15 - 31.39, 0.5 - 12.4, 0-4.0 (me l-1) and 0.59 - 62.37, 0.08 - 1.52 ppm, respectively. As per the water quality classification criteria suggested by All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on Management of Salt Affected Soils and Saline Water Use in Agriculture (1989), 23 samples were found to be of good quality, 8 marginally saline, 5 saline, 15 high SAR saline, 11 marginally alkali, 7 alkali and 12 highly alkali. Soil profiles were collected based on different categories of irrigation water. Most of the profiles were having salt developed due to the presence of salts in irrigation water. The highest and lowest values of cation exchange capacity, exchangeable sodium percentage, organic carbon and calcium carbonate of soils of block Gohana were 2.34, 22.19 cmol (p+) kg-1; 3.42, 72.26 percent; 0.09, 0.57 percent and 0.10, 7.00 percent, respectively. The highest and lowest values of electrical conductivity, pH and sodium adsorption ratio of soil saturation extract of soils of Gohana were 1.26, 15.82 (dSm-1), 7.06, 9.74 and 2.68, 36.85 (mmol l-1)1/2, respectively. Most of the soil profiles were low in fertility. Highest electrical conductivity and sodium adsorption ratio of saturation extract were observed in surface layers of the soil which gradually decreased with depth irrespective of texture and quality of irrigation water. After the analysis of soil and water, the Arc Map was used to create various thematic maps like pH, EC, SAR, RSC and ESP of the study area. These thematic maps were combined to prepare water and soil quality maps.