Loading...
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.
Browse
10 results
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access Evaluation of seed vigour parameters for heat tolerance in bread wheat(CCSHAU, 2014) Arun Kumar; Dahiya, O.S.Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a widely adapted crop. It is grown from temperate, irrigated to dry and high-rain-fall areas and from warm, humid to dry, cold environments. The genetic purity, physical purity, viability, vigour and uniform seed size are the most important parameters to determine the quality of seed. High seed germination and vigour are pre- requisites for the success of stand establishment of crop plants. Generally stress (moisture/heat) has deleterious effect on germination and vigour of crop.The present investigation was carried out at the department of Seed Science and Technology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The material comprised of six each heat tolerant and susceptible varieties which were sown on two date i.e. normal (19th, 20th November) and late sown (19th, 20th December). The observations were recorded at grain filling stage (heading to maturity). Heat tolerant varieties had performed better at different stages of seed development in comparison to susceptible. Heat tolerant varieties were found significantly higher for seed weight, seed moisture content, germination, seedling length, vigour index-I & II, seedling dry weight and than susceptible varieties under normal and late sowing condition in both the year. Heat tolerant varieties were recorded significantly lower for days to heading, physiological and harvestable maturity. It means heat tolerant varieties mature earlier than susceptible. Commonly varieties had performed better for all characters studied in normal than late sowing at all stages of seed development. Heat tolerant varieties recorded higher for membrane Thermostability and lower for chlorophyll fluorescence. This might be effect of heat stress during seed development. Both vigour index-I and II were significantly and negatively correlated with maximum, minimum and difference of temperature but positively with sunshine hour and relative humidity in both the years of data recording. It means that as optimum temperature for cultivation of wheat is increasing then vigour of the seed will be decreases. For normal as well as late sown heat tolerant varieties having more DHA, peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase activity at all stages than heat susceptible. All stress enzyme activity was higher in late than normal sowing which was in concurrence with high temperature during seed development. Number of grains per spike (average of five plants), number of grains per spike and grain yield per plant was higher for normal sown than late sown in both the year. Varieties have performed better in second year than in first year. Heat tolerant has performed better than susceptible for almost all agronomic traits. Based on both the tests it can infer that there was better relative storability of the variety for normal than late sowing over the years at all stages of storage.ThesisItem Open Access Physiological and biochemical changes during storage and seed priming in pearl millet(CCSHAU, 2013) Gupta, Ankush; Punia, R.CThe present investigation was carried out on seeds of 2 pearl millet hybrids viz .,HBB197 and HHB223 along with their parental A, B and R lines viz ., A- ICMA97111 andI CMA94555, B-ICMB97111 and ICMB94555, R- HBL-11 with the objectives to study the physiological and biochemical changes associated with seed deterioration, to study the effect of different containers and storage conditions on seed quality and to study the effect of various seed priming treatments on seed quality. In the first experiment seven genotypes with 8% moisture content were packed in poly set bin, polythene bag and cloth bag and stored under ambient and cold storage condition (20C). Among the storage condition and packaging material tested,the seeds preserved under cold storage and packed in polyset bin and polythene bag recorded higher germination, seedling vigour index,seedling dry weight,seedling establishment and other quality parameters with less qualitative loss in comparison to those seeds stored underambient condition through out the storage period of 24 month , Activity of all the anti-ox idant enzymes viz. , peroxidase , catalase and dehydrogenase activity decreased while EG and FFA increased with storage period butminimum deterioration was occurin the seeds preserved in polyset binand polythene bagunder cold storage condition . Vigour of all the genotypes also decreasedwith storagepriod. Among all the, genotypes HHB197 was observed highly vigorous and proved goodstorer .The interaction effect of genotype HHB197 packed in vapour proofcontainer ( polysetbin and polythene bag ) and stored under cold storage is proved to be better in maintaining the seed quality of pearl millet for long rperiod. . In the 2nd experiment, an effort had been made to improve the seed quality with various seed priming treatments (control ,water,GA3 , KNO3 , KH2PO4, thiram andvita vax +cruzer.). Am ong various priming treatments hydration with GA3 (50 ppm) was foundsuperior for enhancing seed quality in all the seven genot ypes of pearl millet followed by,25 mg vitavax +25 mg cruzer tr eatment . The maximum enhancement in germination was observed in fresh lot as compare to one year old seed lot by different priming treatment sand among genotypes, maximum enhancement was observed in genotype HHB223 and minimum in ICMB9 7111.ThesisItem Open Access Status of quality seed production and its impact on crop production in Haryana(CCSHAU, 2012) Vinod Kumar; Deswal, D.P.The performance of the agricultural sector influences the growth of the Indian economy. The growth of agriculture and allied sectors is still a critical factor in the overall performance of the Indian economy. Agriculture not only providing 58.2 per cent employment to the total work force in India but also is a key supplier of food, fodder, and raw materials for a vast segment of industry. Hence the growth of Indian agriculture can be considered a necessary condition for ‘Inclusive Growth’. Presently, Haryana is next only in country, after Punjab in terms of farm productivity and contribution of food grains to the central pool in the year 2009-10. The future increase in agricultural production in India is much depends on increase in productivity because the acreage expansion under crops has been at plateau. Now the solution to meet the increasing food grain demands to produce more from limited land resources by the efficient use of improved agricultural technology as well as improvement in soil health and management of resources available to the production. For the sustainable as well as accelerated growth of any enterprises, information on this current status and likely to be future scenario in terms of demand and supply as well as its importance on national economy is of paramount importance. Therefore in the present study an analytical approach was made to examine the status, impact and future scenario of quality seed in the state of Haryana with the four objectives i.e., by examining the present status of quality seed and its replacement rate and the relationship of quality seed with actual crop production, then find out the share of public and private sector in quality seed production finally by estimating estimate the future demand and supply of quality seed. Analysis of secondary data shows that there is a increment in area, production as well productivity in almost all crops except in barley (area), gram (production), pea (productivity) during 2009-10 in compared to 1990-91(base year). The production of foundation seed by public sector has been increased in barley, green gram, rapeseed & mustard, paddy, whereas in case of wheat, gram, pea, pearl millet and cotton, there was decrement in production during 2009-10. The production of certified seed by public sector has been increased in barley, rapeseed & mustard, pea, green gram, cotton, paddy whereas there is decrement in certified seed production in wheat, gram and pearl millet during 2009-10. Private sector accelerated in the production. The seed replacement rate of wheat, barley, rapeseed and mustard, gram, pea, paddy, pearl millet, green gram and cotton was still low except in wheat as compared to the desired seed replacement rate. The quality seed sale has increased in barley, wheat, rapeseed & mustard, paddy, pearl millet, green gram, while the sale has decreased in pea and cotton during the year 2009-10. The share in foundation seed production by public sector of wheat, paddy, barley, pearl millet, rapeseed and mustard, gram, green gram, pea and cotton was 12.76, 3.31, 14.04, 0.00, 96.00, 93.42, 70.76, 68.77 and 84.61 per cent respectively during 2009-10. The share in certified seed production by public sector of wheat, paddy, barley, pearl millet, rapeseed and mustard, gram, green gram, pea and cotton was 3.11, 7.27, 18.59, 0.50, 47.28, 99.58, 54.81, 100 and 50.00 per cent respectively during 2009-10.ThesisItem Open Access Seed quality assessment in naturally aged seed of fenugreek(CCSHAU, 2012) Bahader Singh; Dahiya, O.S.Seed quality plays an important role in the crop establishment and overall performance of the crop. Keeping in view, the importance of quality seed, the present research entitled “Seed quality assessment in natural aged seed of fenugreek” was carried out in the Department of Seed Science and Technology, CCS, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during, the year 2011-12. The experimental material for present research comprised of four genotypes of fenugreek viz. HM-202, HM-204,HM-205 and HM-214, with four seed lots of each genotype including fresh, one year, two year and three year old seed lot. In the 1 st experiment, all the four seed lots of each four genotypes were tested for various physiological and biochemical basis for loss in viability. It was observed that, test weight (g), seed density (g/cc), standard germination (%), seedling length (cm), dry weightper seedling (mg), vigour index-I & II, viability (%), speed ofemergence, seedling establishment (%) decreased whereas, mean emergence time (days) and electrical conductivity (µS/cm/seed)of seed leachates increased with ageing period. The activities of various anti-oxidant enzymes viz., dehydrogenase activity test (OD g -1 ml -1 ), catalase and peroxidase activity (mg protein -1 min -1 ) and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) (mg protein -1 min -1 ) decreased whereas lipid peroxidase activity (MDA content) (µ mol. -1 g DW) increased with the advancement of ageing period. The seed of each genotype sustain their germination up to two year thereafter, the germinationfall below IMSCS (70 %). After ageing maximum germination wasretained by genotype HM-202 followed by, HM-205 and maximum loss of germination was observed in genotype HM-214, hence the genotype HM-202 was good storer whereas genotype HM-214 was poor storer under ambient condition. In the 2nd experiment, an effort had been made to improve the seed quality with various priming treatments (hydration (6hrs.) – dehydration, hydration (6hrs.) – dehydration + 0.25% thiram treatment and hydration with GA 3(50 ppm for 6 hrs.). The maximum enhancement in germination was observed in marginal seed lot by different priming treatments. Among various priming treatments hydration with GA 3 (50 ppm for 6 hrs.) was found superior for enhancing germination in all the four genotypes of fenugreek followed by,hydration (6hrs.) – dehydration + 0.25% Thiram treatment. Among genotypes, maximum improvement was observed in genotype HM-202 and minimum improvement in genotypeHM-204.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on seed viability and vigour in ajwain (Trachyspermum copticum L.)(CCSHAU, 2012) Mujawar Sadik Sallauddin; Verma, Sher SinghIn the present investigation four seed lots of fivevarieties viz., HAJ-13, HAJ-15, HAJ-17, HAJ-19, and HAJ-22 of ajwain were evaluated for various viability and vigour tests and the observations were recorded on test weight (g), standard germination (%), seedling length (cm), seedling dry weight (mg), seedling vigour index-I, seedling vigour index-II, accelerated ageing test (%), electrical conductivity (µS/cm/g), tetrazolium test(%), dehydrogenase activity test (OD g -1 ml -1 ), speed of germination, speed of emergence, field establishment (%) and mean emergence time (days). The result showed that seed viability and vigour decreased as the increase in storage period in all five varieties of ajwain. Germination test was standardised and it was concluded that ajwain seeds should be tested on the top of paper (T.P.) at 20 0 C temperature and final count should be taken on 9 th day. Accelerated aging period for ajwain was standardised and it was revealed that ajwain seeds should be placed in accelerated ageing chamber for 96 h at100% RH and 40+1 0 C temperature. The results also revealed that Tz test should be conducted as soaking of seed in water for 24 h followed by removal of seed coat and treating these seeds with 0.5% Tz solution at 35 0 C temperature for 5 h. Among the different seed lots, varieties which were harvested in 2010-2011 (L4) showed high viability and vigour followed by those harvested in 2009-2010 (L 3) Among five varieties, HAJ-15 was observed to be highly vigorous and having good storability whereas variety HAJ-19 showed lowest vigour and minimum storability. Results showed that 18 month old seeds of ajwain retain better viability and vigour hence it was revealed that ajwain seeds can be stored for 18 months with minimum loss of viability and vigour. Mean emergence time and electrical conductivity of seed leachates increased as period of ageing proceed. standard germination, seedling length, seedling dry weight, test weight, seedling vigour index-I, seedling vigour index-II, accelerated ageing test, tetrazolium test, dehydrogenase activity test, speed of germination, speed of emergence and field establishment decreased as period of natural ageing increased in all five varieties. All the parameters were significantly correlated among themselves except dehydrogenase activity test which is not correlated with standard germination, speed of germination andmean emergence time. The electrical conductivity and mean emergence time showed negative significant association with all parameters. Tetrazolium test, speed of germination, vigour indices, seedling dry weight, and seedling length can be used as reliable predictors of standard germination, field establishment and mean emergence time in ajwain. Hence it was concluded that ajwain seeds maintain viability and vigour up to 18 months under ambient condition.ThesisItem Open Access Varietal identification and seed vigour assessment in fodder sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench](CCSHAU, 2014) Gend Dnyaneshwar Gajanan; Verma, S.S.The present investigation comprised of 12 varieties of fodder sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) was undertaken for varietal identification based on morphological and SDS-PAGE and to assess their vigour potential. The results revealed that morphological character like leaf sheath anthocyanin colouration, leaf midrib colour, flag leaf yellow colouration of midrib, lemma arista formation, anther colour of dry anther, glume colour, glume length, panicle length without peduncle, panicle shape, caryopsis colour and grain luster were found important diagnostic characters for categorizing these varieties. Seed characters such as seed size, seed shape and test weight clearly differentiated the varieties into different groups. Total soluble seed protein analysis using SDS–PAGE revealed that maximum total number of bands were 17. A wide quantitative variation (having different Rm values) was observed in pattern of protein bands, their electrophoretic mobility, position and intensity. The standard protein marker bands [2 (Rm 0.2 4), 6 (Rm 0.40), 9 (Rm 0.53), 11 (Rm 0.64), 13 (Rm 0.68), 16 (Rm 0.88) and 17 ( Rm 0.91)] were observed invariably common in almost all the varieties. All the varieties were differentiated by using the presence/absence of specific combination of bands or single band. The similarity was calculated in all the combination and the similarity index values ranged from 0.143 to 1.00 and the variety PC 3 gave less value with the comparison of other varieties showed dissimilarity with other remaining varieties. The dendrogram showed two major clusters at coefficient of 0.7774, the varieties PC- 3 and PC 7 in first cluster and rest varieties in second cluster. The maximum vigour potential was shown by HJ-513, HJ-541, SSV-84, HC- 136 and CSV-15 varieties which showed superiorly form the all other variety. The standard germination, accelerated ageing test, tetrazolium test and electrical conductivity were found the most suitable vigour parameters for prediction of seedling establishment in field conditions.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of foliage cuttings and growth regulators on seed yield and quality in coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)(CCSHAU, 2014) Pradeep Singh; Mor, V.S.Seed quality plays an important role in the crop establishment and overall performance of the crop. Keeping in view, the importance of quality seed, the experimental material for present research comprised of four genotypes of coriander viz. DH-5, DH-36, DH-228 and DH-246 were grown with three replication in factorial RBD to study the “effect of foliage cuttings and growth regulators on seed yield and quality of coriander”. The foliage cutting was taken to make different treatments i.e. C0 (without cutting), C1 (one cutting at 45 days after sowing) and C2 (two cuttings at 45 days and 60 days after sowing) and foliar application of plant growth regulators at 50 percent flowering were done in all cutting levels. The investigation resulted that number of foliage cuttings reduced the plant growth, seed yield and quality. The crop without cutting of foliage gave the maximum plant growth along with highest seed yield and quality which was followed by one cutting and lowest performance was observed after two cuttings. The application of NAA (50 ppm) at the 50 percent flowering after foliage cutting enhanced the plant growth, seed yield and quality followed by GA3 as compared to control (water). Among laboratory parameters standard germination, test weight and seedling length were best predictor of field performance as these parameters exhibited high positive correlation with field emergence. The genotype Hisar Anand (DH-5) was found best seed producing genotype. Whereas, Hisar Bhoomit (DH-228) was found dual purpose genotypes both for foliage and seed.ThesisItem Open Access Seed invigoration studies in fenugreek(CCSHAU, 2014) Sunil Kumar; Dahiya, O.S.Seed quality plays an important role in the crop establishment and overall performance of the crop. Keeping in view, the importance of quality seed, the present research entitled “Seed invigoration studies in fenugreek.” was carried out in the Department of Seed Science & Technology, CCS, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during, the year 2013-14. The experimental material for the present research comprised of two varieties of fenugreek viz. HM-57 and HM-103 and each variety was divided into two lots based on standard germination percentage (good quality=L1 and marginal =L2). In the 1st experiment, an effort had been made to improve the seed quality with various seed priming treatments viz., hydration (6hrs.) – dehydration, hydration with 2% CaCl2 (6h) at room tempreture and surface drying at room temperature , hydration with 50 ppm GA3 ( 6h.) and surface drying at room temperature, hydration (6h.) and dehydration at room tempreture followed by dry dressing with thiram @ 0.25% and 0.5% KNO3 hydration (6 h.) and dehydration at room temperature. Hydration (6h.) and dehydration at room tempreture followed by dry dressing with thiram @ 0.25% showed better improvement in marginal seed lots as compare to good quality seed lots. Between the vaieties, maximum improvement was observed in HM-57 over HM-103 with these seed priming treatments . Therefore, it is concluded from this study that the germination level of marginal seed lots in fenugreek can be improved by using priming treatments. In the 2nd experiment, two studies were conducted during 2013-14 to assess the storability of primed seed lots by artificial ageing (40 ±10C for 72 h) and to study the effect of natural storability of primed seed lots. It was observed that standard germination (%), root length (cm), shoot length (cm), seedling dry weight (mg) and vigour indices decreased whereas, electrical conductivity (μS/cm/seed) of seed leachates increased with artificial ageing. Maximum germination was retained by HM-57 with , hydration (6h.) and dehydration at room tempreture followed by dry dressing with thiram @ 0.25% treatment in good quality seed lot (L1) after artificial ageing. The storage experiment was conducted with various priming treatments with two seed lots of both the varieties. It was observed that standard germination (%), root length (cm), shoot length (cm), seedling dry weight (mg) and vigour indices decreased whereas, electrical conductivity (μS/cm/seed) of seed leachates increased after 9 months of natural storage. Maximum germination was retained by HM-57 with hydration (6h.) and dehydration at room tempreture followed by dry dressing with thiram @ 0.25% treatment in good quality seed lot (L1) after 9 months of ageing, hence the variety HM-57 was good storer whereas HM-103 was poor storer under ambient condition after 9 months of storage.ThesisItem Open Access Seed vigour assessment in kasuri methi (Trigonella corniculata L.)(CCSHAU, 2013) Shamsher Singh; Kharb, R.P.S.Kasuri methi (Trigonella corniculata L.) is a leguminosae seed spice crop. The two seedlots each of six genotypes viz. GC-208, GC-209, HM-538, HM-557, KM139-1, KMHosiyarpur of kasuri methi were evaluated for assessing vigour potential. Observations were recorded on test weight (g), seed density (g/cc), standard germination(%), seedling length (cm), seedling dry weight (mg), vigour index-I, vigour index-II, accelerated ageing test (%), electrical conductivity (µS/cm/g), dehydrogenase activity test (OD g-1ml-1), field emergence index (FEI), mean emergence time (MET, days) and total seedling establishment (SET, %). Results revealed that the highest germination percentage (77.33%) was exhibited in a two-way interaction TP, 200C of substrate and temperatures. Final seedling evaluation was done on 10th day as the number of normal seedlings became stable. It was concluded that the seeds of this crop may be tested for standard germination in TP substrate at 200C and finally the seedlings may be evaluated on 10th day. After 96 hours (4th day) of accelerated ageing, the germination decreased maximum from 64.66 to 48.66 percent (16%) and declined below 50 percent. Therefore, the seeds conditioned at 400C, 100% RH for 96 hours were found optimal conditions for ageing technique in this crop. On the basis of various vigour parameters studied, the genotype KM-Hosiyarpur was found more vigorous followed by KM139-1 and HM-538. The lot L1 (fresh seed lot) of each genotype was found superior than lot L2 (one year old seed lot) in terms of laboratory and field parameters which determine the planting value of a seed-lot. The standard germination test was found significantly and positively associated with test weight, vigour indices, field emergence index whereas negatively with electrical conductivity (EC) test and mean emergence time (MET). Total seedling establishment showed significant positive correlation with seed density, field emergence index and negative with mean emergence time. Thus, above mentioned vigour parameters may be given due consideration in prediction of germination percentage and field emergence potential of seed-lots/genotypes in kasuri methi crop. The FEI and MET were found negatively associated with each other. This indicated that the genotype/seed-lot which emerged quickly under field conditions. The SG and SET were not found significantly correlated with each other. This indicated that the germination capacity did not truly depicted the seedling establishment under field condition.