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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

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20233
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Subject: Plant Physiology × End date: 2023 × Start date: 2023 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Physiological characterization of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes under salinity
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-10) Manisha; Anita kumari
    The present investigation entitled “Physiological characterization of linseed (Linum usistatissimum L.) genotypes under salinity stress” was investigated in the laboratory of Deptt. Of Botany and Plant Physiology. Salinity is one of the most important factors that restricts plant growth in many regions of the world. In order to assess how salt stress effects germination, growth and some physiological characteristics of flax, two separate experiments were carried out in the laboratory. The first experiment included fifty genotypes and three salinity levels (control, 8dS/m and 10dS/m). The results showed that with increasing salinity, germination percentage, seedling length, seedling fresh and dry weight and seedling vigour index decreased as compared to control. Similarly, the relative water content of shoot and root decreased with increasing salinity level from control to 10dS/m. At 10dS/m salinity level osmotic potential (ψs) of shoot and root also declined. Total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll stability index and total carotenoid content of shoot also decreased from control to 10dS/m salinity level. The level of osmolyte i.e. proline increased with increasing salinity level. A marked increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) was noticed in both shoot and root of linseed genotypes. Enzymatic activity of antioxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT, POX, APX and GR) increased under salinity (10 dS m-1) stress. Despite, the increase in the activity of these enzymes ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione content decreased at 10dS/m respective to their control. The above observations suggest that salinity had a negative effect on morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters, ultimately resulting in a decrease in the growth of plants. Overall it is concluded that accession no. IC0268344, IC0499192 performed better under salinity stress so, these accessions may be considered as relatively tolerant.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Ameliorating effect of mepiquat chloride and gibberellic acid on Sorghum bicolor L. under salt stress
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-06) Monika; Sarita Devi
    The present study entitled “Ameliorating effect of mepiquat chloride and gibberellic acid on Sorghum bicolor L. under salt stress.” was investigated in the screen house during the kharif season of 2022. Before sowing the pots were saturated to maintain desired levels of salt stress (control, 4, 6 and 8 dS m-1). On 16th August 2022, Sorghum bicolor L. seeds were sown in pots under controlled condition. After 50 days from sowing (DAS), exogenous application of mepiquat chloride (200 and 300 ppm) and gibberellic acid (200 and 400 ppm) under stressed and non-stressed plants of CSV 32F and CSV 35F genotypes. Sampling was done at 30 and 60 DAS. Increasing levels of salt stress led to a decrease in the growth parameters, while the application of mepiquat chloride and gibberellic acid resulted in enhanced plant growth. After the application of mepiquat chloride and gibberellic acid, the physiological characteristics were improved, counteracting the negative effects of salt stress. Parameters such as gaseous exchange, chlorophyll index and photochemical quantum yield exhibited a gradual decline from the control to 8 dS m-1 of salt stress in both genotypes. However, a higher percentage decrease was observed at the 8 dS m-1 salt stress level in CSV 35F over the respective control. For instance, there was a 20.29% decrease in RWC, a 42.36% decrease in assimilation rate, a 69.21% decrease in transpiration rate and a 79.35% decrease in stomatal conductance. The application of mepiquat chloride and gibberellic acid improving gas exchange and chlorophyll index, regardless of salt stress in both sorghum genotypes. On the other hand, the negative effects of salt stress, such as electrolyte leakage and ash content, increased with higher salt levels. However, the application of mepiquat chloride and gibberellic acid partially mitigated these adverse effects of salt stress. Specific activity of enzymes increases in salt stress as well as after application of mepiquat chloride and gibberellic acid. Salt stress enhanced the Na+ content but a decrease in K+ and Ca2+ content. Conversely, after applying mepiquat chloride and gibberellic acid, there was a reversal of this trend. Conclusively, sorghum genotype CSV 32F exhibited slightly better performance under salt stress and showed a more favorable response in mitigating salt stress when mepiquat chloride and gibberellic acid was applied exogenously.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Morpho-Physiological responses of Brassica juncea genotypes under terminal heat stress
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-10) Paidi Raja Sekhar; Goyal, Vinod
    Indian mustard, also known as Brassica juncea, is a significant oilseed crop that is planted widely in Europe, Africa, North America and Asia. The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the impact of terminal heat stress on morpho-physiological responses and to find a correlation between physiological, yield and yield attributes in 102 Indian mustard genotypes. The crop was sown in the Field Crop Research Area of Oilseeds section, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar on 15th October (timely sown) and 16th November (late sown), 2022 with standard package and practice. Observations were recorded at flowering and grain filling stages for phenological, physiological (includes leaf gas exchange traits, NBI, CHI, NDVI, CT and CTD) and biochemical parameters and yield and yield attributes in both timely and late sown conditions. Results revealed that terminal heat stress has a significantly negative impact on photosynthetic rate, NBI, CHI and yield with its attributes as well. Photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, NBI, CHI and NDVI show decreased values under terminal heat stress conditions. Yield parameters like primary branches, secondary branches, biological yield, seed yield, the number of siliquae on the main shoot, the number of seeds per siliquae, 1000 seed weight and oil content were reduced under terminal heat stress conditions. Anthocyanin content, flavonoid content and CT were found higher in late sown due to the presence of terminal heat stress conditions. A highly significant positive correlation between seed yield, physiological traits and yield attributes was observed viz., NBI, CHI, CTD and photosynthetic rate while canopy temperature, flavonoids and anthocyanin showed a negative correlation under both conditions. The mean square for blocks was significant for parameters like NBI, CHI, CT, CTD, photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance under timely sown conditions whereas the mean square for treatments was found significant for NBI, CTD, photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance under late sown condition. Terminal heat stress at flowering and post-flowering accelerates maturity by shorting the vegetative and reproductive stages, resulting in drastically lower CHI, CTD, photosynthetic rate and NBI and ultimately lowering the yield of the crop. RC-1312, 1205 and 1133 performed better under timely sown conditions while RC-1312, 1099 and 1045 performed better under late sown conditions in terms of NBI, CHI, photosynthetic rate and seed yield and yield attributes.