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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

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Subject: Microbiology × Author: Bhatia, Tanvi × End date: 2017 × Start date: 2013 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Isolation and screening of efficient ligninolytic fungi
    (CCSHAU, 2013) Bhatia, Tanvi; Goyal, Sneh
    Lignin, the most abundant aromatic biopolymer on earth, is extremely recalcitrant to degradation. By linking to both cellulose and hemicellulose, it creates a barrier to any chemicals or enzymes and prevents the penetration of lignocellulolytic enz ymes into the interior lingocellulosic structure. Lignin is the major hurdle in the degradation of lignocellulosic biomass. It is degraded by an enzyme complex containing three enzymes namely laccase, manganese peroxidase and lignin peroxidase that are collectively known as ligninases. These enzymes are produced by several microorganisms, commonly by fungi but most of them have high production cost and no efficiency in enzyme production and its enzyme activit y. Therefore in the present investigation, a total of 24 mutually distinct fungi were isolated from different ecological niches such as leaf and litter waste, garbage dumpin g site, mushr oom waste, compost, ver micompost, paper and pulp waste and biogas slurry. Out of these 24 fungal isolates, 16 fungal cultures were screened as ligninolytic fungi by observing the formation of zone of clearance on malt extract agar plates containing aniline blue dye and tannic acid. The zone of clearance ranged from 1.03 to 1.20 Isolate HST15 formed the largest zone of clearance of 1.20. The fungal isolate, HST9 was showing highest laccase (15.5 U/ml) and Manganese peroxidase (4 U/ml) activity among the isolates while maximum lignin peroxidase activity was observed in HST15 (21U/ml). On the basis of lignin peroxidase activity, HST15 was selected as the best ligninolytic fungal isolate. The selected fungal isolates were morphologically identified on the basis of their hyphae, sporangiophore and spores. Among the five best fungal isolates, three were identified to be ascomycetes and two were basidiomycetes.