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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

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2012 - 201442
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Subject: Horticulture × End date: 2014 × Start date: 2012 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation and characterization in marigold
    (CCSHAU, 2013) Choudhary, Mahesh; Beniwal, B.S.
    The present experiment was conducted at Experimental Orchard of the Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during winter seasons of 2011-12 and 2012- 13 on thirty genotypes of both African and French marigold to estimate the genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and varietal characterization. The observations were recorded on growth, flowering and yield parameters. The analysis of variance revealed that the mean sum of squares due to genotypes were highly significant for all the characters studied, indicating a wide range of variability in the material investigated. The highest flower yield was observed in genotype Hisar Jaffri-2 followed by MGH-09-271 and MGH-09-276, while it was lowest in Hisar Beauty. The high GCV and PCV values were observed for fresh and dry weight of plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of buds per plant and number of flowers per plant. Heritability in broad sense and genetic advance as per cent mean were higher for fresh weight of plant, dry weight of plant, number of flowers per plant, number of buds per plant and number of secondary branches per plant. Association analysis revealed high significant positive correlation of flower yield per plant with number of secondary branches per plant, number of buds per plant, number of flowers per plant, dry weight of plant, fresh weight of plant, fresh weight of flower, dry weight of flower, plant spread, flower diameter, stem diameter, duration of flowering and days taken to first flower opening, indicating selection of these characters for crop improvement and breeding strategies. Path analysis depicted that number of flowers per plant had the highest direct and positive effect on flower yield per plant, closely followed by fresh weight of flower, flower diameter, dry weight of flower and dry weight of plant. Based on D2 values, all the thirty genotypes were grouped into six clusters in both the years, i.e., 2011-12 and 2012-13, indicating the presence of considerable amount of genetic diversity among the genotypes under study. On the basis of morphological characters, the marigold genotypes were characterized and categorized effectively. The plant growth habit, branching habit, leaflet shape, leaf colour, stalk shape, disc floret, floret colour, etc., were the key characters, therefore, can be used as morphological descriptors for the varietal identification in marigold.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Response of biofertilizers on growth, flowering and yield of chrysanthemum
    (CCSHAU, 2013) Anop Kumari; Goyal, R.K.
    The present investigation entitled “Response of biofertilizers on growth, flowering and yield of chrysanthemum” was conducted in the screen house of the Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during the year 2011-12 and 2012-13. The investigation composed of three experiments viz., (i) response of biofertilizers in combination with nitrogen on growth and flowering of chrysanthemum (four levels of nitrogen, i.e., 0, 10, 20 and 30 g/m2 and two biofertilizers viz., Azotobacter and Azospirillum), (ii) response of biofertilizers in combination with phosphorous on growth and flowering of chrysanthemum (four levels of phosphorous, i.e., 0, 10, 15 and 20 g/m2 and two biofertilizers, i.e., PSB and mycorrhiza) and (iii) response of single and coinoculation of PGPR on growth and flowering of chrysanthemum (three strains of Bacillus viz., SYB101, SB155 and SB127 and three strains of Pseudomonas, i.e., WPS73, CPA152 and P20). All the possible combinations of nitrogen levels and biofertilizers were found to have significant influence on growth, flowering and yield parameters of chrysanthemum. The minimum number of days taken to first flowering, maximum flowering duration, flower size, number of flowers per plant, flower yield per plant and number of suckers per plant were recorded with nitrogen 20 g/m2 along with Azospirillum. An increase in nitrogen content was noted with increased application of nitrogen, whereas, phosphorus and potassium content of plant decreased. Phosphorus 15 g/m2 along with PSB was found most effective for reduced number of days taken for first flowering, longest flowering duration, maximum number of flowers per plant and flower yield per plant as well number of suckers per plant. Nitrogen and phosphorus content of plant increased significantly with increasing levels of phosphorous, and the maximum content was observed with phosphorous 20 g/m2. Different strains of Bacillus and Pseudomonas significantly influenced the observed parameters of chrysanthemum. The results indicate that Bacillus strain SB127 and Pseudomonas strain CPA152 were found potent in increasing all growth, flowering and yield parameters. The SB127 + CPA152, SB155 + CPA152 and SB127 + P20 combinations of Bacillus and Pseudomonas strains showed best results in chrysanthemum.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on storage of pulp and value added products of plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.)
    (CCSHAU, 2014) Singh, Satyavir; Sharma, R.K.
    The studies on storage of pulp and value added products of plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) were carried out during the year 2013-14 in Post-harvest Laboratory of the Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, to evaluate the quality and storability of pulp and its value added products to make the food industry viable and profitable by providing the regular supply of raw material in processed form round the year. The pulp was stored at different temperature for four months and was utilized for preparing jam and nectar at different intervals. The plum fruits were also osmo dried at 50 and 60°C after dipping the fruits in different sugar concentrations for 24 and 48 h and packed in vacuum and normal packaging. The pulp as well as products were evaluated for their physico-chemical and organoleptic properties during storage period. During storage of pulp, the ascorbic acid decreased with the increase in storage. The TSS, acidity, TSS to acid ratio and non-enzymatic browning remained unchanged. Among different storage temperature, the maximum TSS, sugars and acidity was observed at room temperature and ascorbic acid at frozen temperature. No microbial growth was observed in pulp up to 120th of storage. The maximum TSS to acid ratio and anthocyanin was observed in jam and nectar prepared from fresh pulp and two months stored pulp at frozen temperature and was most acceptable. However, jam and nectar prepared with pulp of other treatments were also acceptable up to 120th day of storage. The total soluble solids, TSS to acid ratio and sugars increased and acidity, anthocyanin content and total phenols decreased in jam and nectar during storage. The jam and nectar prepared from fresh and stored pulp were observed free from microbial infestation even up to 120th day of storage. Hence, these products can easily be further stored. The osmo-dried plums prepared by dipping in 60% sugar syrup for 48 h and dried at 50°C had maximum total sugars, anthocyanin, phenol contents, overall acceptability, and minimum acidity. Minimum time of dehydration was noticed when the fruits were dried at 60°C after dipping in sugar solution. However, the acceptability score of osmo-dried plums decreased with the increase in storage period but found acceptable even after four months of storage. The higher ascorbic acid, anthocyanin, phenols and acceptability were observed in osmo-dried plums packed in vacuum.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Resource conservation studies in gladiolus
    (CCSHAU, 2013) Zehra Salma; Ahlawat, V. P.
    Resource conservation studies in gladiolus were carried out at Precision Farming Development Centre, Department of Horticulture and Biocontrol laboratory, Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during the years 2011-12 and 2012-13. The studies on the effect of different irrigation methods and mulching on growth, yield and quality of gladiolus revealed that raised bed with drip irrigation and mulching was found effective resulting in maximum growth and quality parameters, minimum weed intensity and conserving soil moisture throughout the growth period in gladiolus. The efficacy of biofertilizers for nutrient management revealed that application of Pseudomonas strain (WPS73) with 75% RDF followed by Azotobacter chroococcum (Mac27) with 75% RDF was beneficial for growth and quality of gladiolus. Incompatibility was observed in coinoculation of Azotobacter chroococcum (Mac27) and Pseudomonas strain (WPS73), which resulted in complete mortality of plants when applied in combination. The study on dynamics of biofertilizers in combating biotic stress revealed that four strains HWM13, HCS2 from Pseudomonas species and RSD8, NNY19 from Bacillus species showed antifungal activity under plate conditions. Rhizobacterial strain HCS2 of Pseudomonas species showed its positive effect in suppressing Fusarium wilt disease caused by fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli in gladiolus under pot conditions.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Mulching and weed control studies in guava (Psidium guajava Linn.)
    (CCSHAU, 2014) Deepak, Singh; Sindhu, S.S.
    The experiment entitled “Mulching and Weed Control Studies in Guava” was conducted at Research Farm of the Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2011-13 in rainy and winter season to find out the suitable mulching and herbicides on moisture status, weed control, nutrient content in soil and plants as well as improvement in growth, yield and quality of guava. The cultivar used for the investigation was Hisar Safeda. The treatments comprising six levels of mulches and nine levels of herbicides were laid out in a randomized block design with four replications keeping a net plot size of 6.0 x 6.0 m separately. The data recorded on various parameters, which were influenced by different levels of mulching and herbicides. In mulching experiment, the minimum value for soil pH and ECe, while, maximum values for soil moisture per cent, NPK and growth parameters viz. plant girth, spread, height, shoot length, and leaf water potential were recorded with black polythene of 100μ mulch which was at par with paddy straw mulch. However, maximum leaf NPK, TSS, ascorbic acid and minimum acidity were recorded in paddy straw mulch, while, maximum fruit weight, length, breadth and yield were recorded under black polythene of 100μ mulch which was statistically similar with paddy straw mulch. Minimum weed counts, fresh and dry weight of weeds at all monthly intervals were observed with black polythene of 100μ mulch during both the years in rainy and winter season. The two year results suggest that the paddy straw mulch has shown the best economical mulch for higher yield with quality fruit production at commercial scale. In weed control experiment, soil pH, ECe, leaf NPK, water potential and fruit acidity were remain unchanged during the time frame. However, manual weeding at monthly interval treatment found best for all other parameters viz., soil NPK, moisture, growth, yield, quality and weed parameters while, in herbicidal treatments, atrazine 2 kg + glyphosate 1% recorded best for the same. Manual weeding at monthly interval treatments gave the best results but it was very costly and herbicidal combination of atrazine 2 kg + glyphosate 1% resulted almost similar to manual weeding at monthly interval treatment. Atrazine 2 kg + glyphosate 1% found best economical combination for commercial production of guava with quality fruits. Paddy straw mulch and in herbicidial treatments, atrazine 2 kg + glyhosate 1% found best treatments for guava orchard in respect to all above characters under semi arid condition of Hisar (Haryana).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetic characterization in vegetable cowpea [vigna unguiculata (L.) walp.]
    (CCSHAU, 2012) Nancee; Rana, M.K.
    The extent of genetic variability for quantitative traits was assessed in 46 genotypes of cowpea along with nature and magnitude of association between pod yield and its component traits. Also, the magnitude of genetic divergence of genotypes was assessed. The present studies revealed that leaf form, flower colour, pod colour and plant growth habit were found to be important diagnostic characters for varietal identification in cowpea. Analysis of variance revealed significant difference among the genotypes for all the characters. High GCV and PCV coupled with high heritability and genetic advance were recorded for length of pod, weight per pod, number of pod per plant, pod yield per plant, number of seeds per pod, plant height at final harvest and harvest index. Also, positive association was observed with weight per pod, number of pods per plant, length of pod and breadth of pod. Path analysis revealed that weight per pod, days to last picking and harvest index had considerable influence on pod yield. Mahalanobis D2 statistics indicated considerable diversity and genotypes were grouped into eight clusters. The cluster IV was the largest with 15 genotypes followed by cluster VII with 11, cluster III had 6, cluster I, V, VI and VII comprised 3 genotypes, and cluster II had 2 genotypes. Maximum inter cluster distance was observed between V and VIII, indicating maximum divergence among genotypes. The highest intracluster distance was recorded for cluster V (5.14). The highest contribution to the diversity was recorded by number of seeds per pod and plant height at final harvest.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    In vitro shoot tip grafting studies in Kinnow mandarin
    (CCSHAU, 2012) Lal Chand; Sharma, Suneel
    In the present investigation, four citrus rootstocks, viz. Sour orange, Carrizo citrange, Rough lemon and Cleopatra mandarin were used to study their in vitro seed germination and the effect of rootstocks and age of seedlings on success of in vitro shoot tip grafting in Kinnow mandarin. The surface sterilization treatment of seeds of rootstocks with ethanol (70%) for 30 seconds followed by HgCl2 (0.1%) for 5 minutes was found better. Quickest and highest seed germination was recorded in Rough lemon followed by Cleopatra mandarin. Highest number of seedlings per seed was recorded in Carrizo citrange. Shoot length and root length of the seedlings was recorded highest in Rough lemon. The maximum STG success was observed in Carrizo citrange on 12 days old seedlings. STG on Rough lemon rootstock took minimum number of days to bud sprout followed by Carrizo citrange. The highest number of leaves per graft was recorded on 12 day old seedlings of Carrizo citarange followed by on Rough lemon. The highest scion shoot length was observed on 12 day old seedlings of Carrizo citrange followed by that of 16 day old seedlings of Rough lemon. The maximum number of roots per graft was produced in Carrizo citrange. The Highest per cent transplanting success of STG plants was observed on Carrizo citrange followed by Rough lemon. It was observed that the Carrizo citrange found best for most of STG parameter, viz. per cent STG success, number of leaves per graft, scion shoot length, number of roots per graft, stock root length and transplanting success.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation and characterization in gladiolus
    (CCSHAU, 2012) Ghanshyam; Beniwal, B.S.
    The present investigation, “Evaluation and characterization in gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus Hort.)” was carried out in the experimental orchard of Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during winter season of year 2010-11 on 20 cultivars of gladiolus to estimate genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and varietal characterization. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The observations were recorded for vegetative, floral, spike yield and corm characters. All the genotypes differed significantly which indicated a wide range of variation existed among the cultivars under study. The highest spike yield, corm yield and cormels yield per plant was exhibited by Chandni followed by Surya Kiran, Gunjan and Jyotsna. The estimates of heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean were high for days to slipping stage, days to full emergence of spike, days to first floret to show colour and days to opening of first floret. The correlation and path coefficient analysis revealed that number of corms produced per plot, corm sprouting percentage, estimated number of corms per hectare, floret diameter, days taken for sprouting of corm, number of leaves per plant and floret diameter contributed directly as well as indirectly to spike yield. The characters, which contributed to corm yield were corm sprouting percentage, number of spikes produced per plot, plant height and leaf length indicating selection of these characters for crop improvement and breeding strategies. The characters which directly as well as indirectly effecting the cormels yield were rachis length, floret diameter, weight of corm, days to slipping stage and can be used for improvement in cormels yield. Number of leaves per plant, plant height, number of spikes produced per plant, number of corms produced per plant, spike length and number of florets per spike were the key characters, therefore, can be used for varietal characterization.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetic dissection of character association and genetic divergence in okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) moench.]
    (CCSHAU, 2012) Ayyagari V V Koundinya; Yadav, A.C.
    The present study entitled “Genetic dissection of character association and genetic divergence in okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.]” was carried out at the Research farm of Department of Vegetable Science, CCS HAU, Hisar during spring summer season of the year 2011. Analysis of variance studies indicated significant differences among all the genotypes for all the characters under study. Highest mean fruit yield per plant was recorded for the genotype HBT-21 followed by HB-92. Presence of substantial PCV and GCV for plant height, internodal length, branches per plant, fruits per plant, seeds per fruit, test weight and fruit yield per plant indicates greater variation for these traits and thus there is greater scope for further improvement by genetic manipulation. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean for the characters like plant height, internodal length, fruits per plant, test weight and fruit yield per plant suggesting that they can be improved through direct selection due to predominant additive variation. The association studies are indicating the advantage of upgrading the okra genotypes for high fruit yield is possible through direct selection for plant height, fruits per plant and fruit weight. Negative association with earliness characters such as days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering and days to first harvesting is indicating that earliness improves the yield. The high direct effect of days to 50% flowering, fruit weight and fruits per plant on fruit yield per plant is indicating that these are important components of fruit yield per plant. Thus, direct selection for high fruit yield per plant based on these characters would be effective. The involvement of genotypes belonging to cluster-6 and 8, 4 and 8, and 4 and 6 in hybridization would help in achieving novel recombinants. High contribution to the divergence by the characters like internodal length, days to first harvesting, test weight, days to first flowering, fruit diameter, fruits per plant and fruit yield per plant are indicating selection for divergent parents based on these characters will be useful for heterosis breeding in okra.