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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

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Subject: Entomology × Author: A. Arulraj × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2009 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Efficacy of garlic Allium sativum (L.) against pulse beetle Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) in chickpea seeds
    (CCSHAU, 2009) A. Arulraj; Ram Singh
    The garlic products viz, oil, powder and extracts (methanol, hexane, chloroform and acetone) were tested for their insecticidal activities against adults of Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) in chickpea seeds using contact, fumigant and repellent methods. Garlic oil at 0.5% and 1.5%, garlic powder at 2 and 4%, extracts at 2 and 3% were used to test the contact action and persistence of these products. For contact action, observations were recorded after 1, 3, 5 and 7 days of release of beetles at 45 days interval up to 6 months. Responses varied according to products, doses and periods. Garlic oil 0.5 and 1.5% gave 100% adult mortality after one day of release of the beetles, methanol extract 3% and hexane extract 3% showed 100% adult mortality after 3 days of release whereas x rest of the treatments exhibited 100 % adult mortality after 7 days of release of beetles. After 45 days of treatments, only the garlic oil 1.5% given 100% mortality after one day of release of beetles whereas in the remaining treatments adults mortality was decreased with periods. The garlic oil 1.5% protected the chickpea seeds from egg laying of pulse beetles up to six months whereas the garlic oil 0.5 %, methanol extract 2 and 3% were effective up to 7 days to prevent egg laying by pulse beetle thereafter, egg laying increased with periods. In terms of persistence of garlic products, only the garlic oil 1.5% was most effective to reduce the % seed damage, number of holes and number of eggs up to six months while, the garlic oil 0.5% and methanol extract 3% protected the seeds with tolerable limits (10% seed damage) up to two months, rest of the treatments were less effective. For fumigant action, filter paper impregnation method was used. Garlic oil 1ml/ cm2 gave 100% adult mortality within 24 h of exposure whereas methanol extract 1ml/cm2 required 24 h to give 100% mortality while, remaining treatments needed more than 72 h to give 100% mortality. In terms of egg laying, only the garlic oil prevented egg laying. For repellent action, only the garlic oil 1.5% exhibited noticeable egg reduction whereas remaining treatments less effective. The garlic products [oil at 0.5% and 1.5%, extracts (methanol, hexane, chloroform and acetone) at 2 and 3% powder at 2 and 4%] had no adverse effects on standard germination, seed vigour index of chickpea seeds and organoleptic characteristics (colour, aroma, appearance, texture, taste and overall acceptability) of chickpea grains.