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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

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Subject: Chemistry × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2019 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Virtual High-throughput Screening of Acetylcholinesterase and Chitin Synthase Inhibitors
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Gupta, Neha; Sudhir Kumar
    Insects are most diverse and abundant of all terrestrial animals. Insects dominated the earth by successfully adapting to wide range of ecosystem. As a part of the ecosystem, they compete for food with other biota and in turn they cause various infections to vegetation, livestock and humans. These insect pests have several enzymes and each of these enzymes plays a key role in their life processes. If the normal functioning of these enzymes is disturbed, their normal life cycle may also be affected thereby causing death of the insect. In the present study we focused only on two enzymes which are acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Chitin synthase. Acetylcholinestearse is one of the key enzymes belonging to the family of serine hydrolase. Principle function of AChE is to terminate the impulse transmission by rapidly hydrolyzing the neurotransmitter ACh to choline and acetate. Due to its crucial role it acts as target for variety of chemical agents. Chitin synthase catalyzes the last step in the chitin biosynthetic pathway. It is a major component of exoskeletal structure of arthropods, including crustaceans and insects as well as mollusks, nematodes and worms. To allow growth and development, insects periodically replace their old cuticle with a new one during molting (ecdysis). Because of the importance of both the enzymes in growth of insects, these were assumed to be excellent targets for pest control agents and chemical insecticides. In the present study virtual high-throughput screening of 4,591,276 clean leads was carried out for both the enzymes. At the same time vHTS of known inhibitors of AChE and CHS was also performed. vHTS results showed that for AChE 227,036 leads and for CHS 977,130 leads had binding energy within the range or lesser than the binding energy of known inhibitors. These leads were then subjected to ADME-Tox study and 217 and 864 leads were predicted to be non-toxic, for AChE and CHS respectively.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Synthesis of bioactive heterocyclic compounds using green synthetic methods and their bioevaluation
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Suman; Rajvir Singh
    Green chemistry is a sustainable approach to explain latest research topics and expresses an area of scientific discoveries about pollution awareness. Green chemistry is the future chemistry which is simple, efficient and benign in all steps of particular synthesis processes. Coumarins, chalcones, Pyrazoles and Imidazoles are versatile classes of heterocycles and intermediates for the preparation of other organic compounds due to their effective biological activities. For the preparation of these compounds and their derivatives, different organic solvents and reagents are being used which are quite hazardous to environment and human health due to their volatile and toxic nature. Since last few years attempts are being made for ecofriendly synthesis viz. biocatalysis and synthesis by using green catalyst. Biocatalyst is a magical intermediate which is helpful to overcome the negative environmental effects due to various hazardous and toxic chemicals used in synthetic pathways.Therefore an attempt has been made to synthesize above mentioned classes of compounds by using various green catalyst. Thesecompounds were characterized by spectroscopic technique viz.1HNMR, IR, Elemental analysis and other analytical data. The green catalysts were examined by SEM. Synthesized compounds were screened for their antifungal, herbicidal and antioxidant activities at four different concentrations. Compounds 12 and 10 were found more activeagainst the tested fungi Rhizoctonia solani and Aspergillus niger which have EC50values75.03 and 77.53μg/ml respectively. Compounds 11 and 60 were found more active against Raphanus sativus L. (root) and (shoot) exhibited growth inhibition 82.86, 91.66, 92.12, 97.05% and 43.81, 58.00, 67.01, 89.07% respectively at50, 100, 150, 200μg/ml all concentrations.Compound 84 was found most active with least IC50 36.30μg/ml and showed highest DPPH free radical scavenging capacity at 25, 50, 75, 100μg/ml.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Design, synthesis and bioevaluation of some novel bioactive ingredients
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Sheetal; Rajvir Singh
    Coumarins, Chalcones, Propranolols, Proterenols, and Pyrazoles are versatile classes of heterocycles and intermedients for the preparation of other organic compounds due to their various biological activities. Many natural and synthetic drugs, dyes, pesticides are heterocyclic in nature. These compounds were synthesized by conventional method. These compounds were characterized by spectroscopic technique viz. 1NMR, IR, Elemental analysis and other analytical data. Synthesized compounds were screened for their Fungi toxicity by poison food technique at four different concentrations. Compounds 13 and 25 were found more active against the tested fungi Rhizoctoniasolani and Aspergillusniger which haveEC50values 52.91, 71.88 and 48.00, 78.60μg/ml respectively. Compounds 34 and 105were found more active against the tested fungi Rhizoctonia solani and Aspergillus niger which have EC50 values 40.51, 60.49 and 57.25, 56.52μg/ml respectively. Synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity by zone inhibition method at four different concentrations. Compounds 17 and 27 were found more active against Bacillus species at all the test concentrations. Compounds 79 and 132 were found more toxic against the Bacillus species at all the test concentrations. Compound 179 was found more toxic against the Bacillus species at all the test concentrations. Synthesized compounds were also screened for their herbicidal activity against growth of weed roots and shoots of Raphanussativus L. in vitro by percentage inhibition technique. Compounds 13 and 67 were found more toxic in % growth inhibition of both roots and shoots at all the tested concentrations. Compounds 92 and 118 were found more toxic in % growth inhibition of both roots and shoots at all the tested concentrations. Compounds 132 and 153 were found more toxic in % growth inhibition of both roots and shoots at all the tested concentrations.