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Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar
After independence, development of the rural sector was considered the primary concern of the Government of India. In 1949, with the appointment of the Radhakrishnan University Education Commission, imparting of agricultural education through the setting up of rural universities became the focal point. Later, in 1954 an Indo-American team led by Dr. K.R. Damle, the Vice-President of ICAR, was constituted that arrived at the idea of establishing a Rural University on the land-grant pattern of USA. As a consequence a contract between the Government of India, the Technical Cooperation Mission and some land-grant universities of USA, was signed to promote agricultural education in the country. The US universities included the universities of Tennessee, the Ohio State University, the Kansas State University, The University of Illinois, the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Missouri. The task of assisting Uttar Pradesh in establishing an agricultural university was assigned to the University of Illinois which signed a contract in 1959 to establish an agricultural University in the State. Dean, H.W. Hannah, of the University of Illinois prepared a blueprint for a Rural University to be set up at the Tarai State Farm in the district Nainital, UP. In the initial stage the University of Illinois also offered the services of its scientists and teachers. Thus, in 1960, the first agricultural university of India, UP Agricultural University, came into being by an Act of legislation, UP Act XI-V of 1958. The Act was later amended under UP Universities Re-enactment and Amendment Act 1972 and the University was rechristened as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology keeping in view the contributions of Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Chief Minister of UP. The University was dedicated to the Nation by the first Prime Minister of India Pt Jawaharlal Nehru on 17 November 1960.
The G.B. Pant University is a symbol of successful partnership between India and the United States. The establishment of this university brought about a revolution in agricultural education, research and extension. It paved the way for setting up of 31 other agricultural universities in the country.
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ThesisItem Open Access Performance Analysis of Line Start Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor using Finite Element Method(2022-10) Dwivedi, Harsh; Rawat, Harendra SighThe transportation sector accounts for 23% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions worldwide through vehicle fuel combustion. Meeting climate mitigation goals requires transformative changes in the transport sector. This includes transition from current fuel combusting vehicles to Electric Vehicles (EVs). EVs have the potential to have significant effects on energy, the environment, and transportation. Qualities like higher power density, smaller size and higher efficiency make PMSM a superior candidate than its counterparts. Therefore, the performance of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) is analysed in this thesis using Finite Element Method. A buried magnet type Line Start PMSM motor is simulated using Ansys Maxwell Software. Finite Element Method for the transient analysis of simulated PMSM in Ansys Maxwell software gave us better understanding of flux pattern and magnetic field. Concept of Cogging Torque is also discussed. A 3-phase Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulated (SPWM) Inverter is simulated in Ansys Simplorer Software and Dynamic Analysis of above simulated motor is examined. Speed control techniques are discussed and Field Oriented Control (FOC) is implemented using MATLAB Simulink Software. Performance analysis of PMSM’s speed, torque and current for sudden load changes is observed. The FOC speed controller is than tuned for low maximum peak overshoot and low settling time using hit and trial method to give better results. PMSMs are becoming more and more relevance with the advent of power electronics devices, use of stronger magnets, and better speed control techniques.ThesisItem Open Access Comparison of PI and Fuzzy Logic Controller for the Speed Control of Switched Reluctance Motor(G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar-263145, 2022-10) Gupta, Navneet Kumar; Gupta, ShobhitDue to its simple structure and its reliability Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) is becoming very popular. Usually, typical PI controller is used to regulate the speed of SRM. In the thesis, a PI controller and Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) is designed to control the speed of SRM drive. The performance of SRM with PI and Fuzzy Logic controller is analyzed in Matlab/Simulink platform. To prove the superiority of FLC, its performance is compared with typical PI controller. Performance of the switched reluctance motor has simulated and studied with typical PI and Fuzzy Logic Controller. From the simulation results obtained, it showed that FLC can improves the speed response of SRM drive with less settling time, less rise time as compared to typical PI controller. Finally, it is proven that FLC is suitable for SRM drive to achieve the smooth speed response over a wide range of speeds. Hence from the analysis of switched reluctance motor with PI and FLC we can say that the speed control of Switched Reluctance Motor is better in case of Fuzzy Logic Controller as compared with PI controller.ThesisItem Open Access Performance Analysis of Squirrel Cage Induction Motor using Finite Element Method(G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar-263145, 2022-10) Rani, Sanyogita; Rawat, Harendra SighPresently, Induction motors are driving forces of industry for both controlled and uncontrolled applications because of their robust construction and easier controlling techniques with efficient energy conversion. In addition, Three-phase induction has a low price, a reasonably good power factor, self-starting, and a low cost of maintenance. Three-phase squirrel-cage induction motors are widely used as industrial drives due to their self-starting, reliability, and economy. In this thesis modeling and analysis of three-phase squirrel cage induction motor and simulation using ANSYS Electronics has been done. The finite element method provides us to compute induction motor characteristics. The motor parameters and characteristics can be precisely calculated and predicted in terms of field computation and analysis results. Magnetic flux lines, Magnetic flux density, and transient analysis using the Maxwell 2d model are analyzed and animated using the two-dimensional finite element method in ANSYS Maxwell 2D. A 3-phase Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulated (SPWM) Inverter is simulated in Ansys Simplorer Software and the Dynamic Analysis of the above-simulated 2D transient model of induction motor is examined. MATLAB-SIMULINK is used for the analysis, of the close loop V/f control of the Induction Motor in MATLAB, using the PID controller. The PID based feedback controller functioning is validated by results of Matlab based simulation model. The variation of torque, and rotor speed for target reference speeds and sudden load changes is observed.ThesisItem Open Access Improvement of voltage profile in distribution system using compensating devices(G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 2022-10) Pandey, Kamal; Singh, SunilOptimal reactive power deployment in accordance with the statutory provisions of Indian Electricity Grid Codes is important for better performance of the system. Better voltage profile, lower losses, and improved efficiency are measures of distribution system quality. The aim is to keep the system operating smoothly with a better voltage profile at every node. A good distribution network is hence expected to improve overall efficiency of the system through loss minimization and power quality control. Due to the bidirectional nature of the present distribution system, DFACTS devices are gaining relevance almost everywhere for quick voltage management, power quality maintenance, and enhanced stability margins In this research work, a 33 bus distribution system of base 12.66 kV and 10 MVA is taken into consideration. After that, the improvement of voltage profile is discussed. By using load flow analysis, the values of unknown parameters are calculated. The impact of single and multiple D-STATCOM is investigated. The minimum voltage profile is improved to 0.9523 pu (5.18 % from base case) and 0.9780 pu (8.18 % from base case) from 0.9040 pu in single and multiple D-STATCOM cases respectively. The real and reactive power losses are reduced by 28.37 % and 27.55 % in single D-STATCOM case; while in the case of multiple D-STATCOM case, this reduction is 38.09 % and 37.02 % respectively. Overall, it is concluded that in this case, the D-STATCOM helps in improving the voltage profile by injecting a suitable amount of reactive power into the system.ThesisItem Open Access Application of machine learning algorithms in hostel mess attendance system using face recognition(G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 2022-10) Pokhariya, Jyoti; Mishra, P.K.How to accurately and effectively identify people has always been an exciting topic in research and industry. With the rapid development of machine learning in recent years, facial recognition is gaining more and more attention. The face is the representation of one's identity. Hence, we have proposed an automated hostel mess attendance system based on face recognition for students. Face recognition is mainly used in biometric applications, surveillance systems, and computer vision. The major problem while recognizing faces arises due to pose variations, background illumination invariants and facial expressions. The proposed model utilizes two machine learning algorithms, HOG and SVM. HOG is used in preprocessing face images, and SVM is the classification algorithm used for image classification. The use of two separate machine learning algorithms improves the system recognition accuracy. In many of the hostel mess, managing the attendance of students/candidates is a tedious task, as there would be many students in the hostel mess and keeping track of all is onerous. Based on face detection and recognition algorithms, this system spontaneously detects the student when they enter the hostel mess and mark their attendance by recognizing them. The database is then modified or updated automatically. This reduces the time and effort of manually updating the attendance. The act of proxies will also be avoided using a face recognition attendance system. Face recognition system, compared to traditional card recognition, biometrics like fingerprint recognition and iris recognition, has many advantages. It is limited to non-contact, high concurrency, and user-friendly models, which are highly required after the covid-19 pandemic.ThesisItem Open Access Application of RSM in design improvement of honeycomb sandwich panel(G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 2022-10) Nagendra Kumar; Misra, AnadiThe geometry and dimensions of honeycomb structure affects the energy absorption characteristics of sandwich structure. It is essential to investigate the dimensional parameters of honeycomb structure on core under impact loading conditions. The combined and individual effect of each design parameter can be studied using response surface method (RSM).The objective of current research is to investigate the effect of various design variables on energy absorption characteristics of sandwich honeycomb structure. The CAD modelling and FEA simulation is conducted on honeycomb structure using ANSYS simulation package. The design of honeycomb sandwich structure is optimized using response surface method (RSM) to determine dimensions for maximum and minimum deformation and stresses. The honeycomb sandwich structure has shown good energy absorption characteristics. The internal energy of sandwich honeycomb structure changes abruptly as the bullet pierces through honeycomb structure. The force reaction by honeycomb structure in optimized design is found to increase by nearly 26.7%. The optimized design is able to further reduce kinetic energy of bullet during exit from sandwich structure by 23%.ThesisItem Open Access Modelling and analysis of hierarchical honeycomb structure using finite element method(G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 2022-10) Shah, Amit Kumar; Misra, AnadiHoneycomb structures are strong and light composite structures with a high load bearing capability. A hierarchical honeycomb is a bio-inspired novel honeycomb shape that is employed for structural applications. The stiffness behaviour of hierarchical honeycombs is influenced by superstructure geometry. The deformation of a superstructure-based hierarchical honeycomb with varying cell lengths (4.36 mm, 5.32 mm, 6.28 mm, and 7.14 mm) was investigated in this research. For out of plane directed crushing, a numerical approach using the ANSYS static structure module was applied. The effects of various superstructure geometries were investigated. The boundary condition of a three point bend test configuration was performed on the structure. A deformation force of 200N, 400N, 600N, 800N, and 1000 N was applied at the midpoint of the honeycomb structure's span. The deformation caused in the member reduces as the superstructure cell length rises. The structure gets stiffer and exhibits less deformation as the core height increases. The honeycomb sandwich structure becomes stiffer as the thickness of the face sheet increases. Where weight is not an important structural criterion, a super-structure honeycomb sandwich structure may be the best solution.ThesisItem Open Access Numerical investigations on phase change materials in a horizontal shell and tube thermal energy storage system using different fin configuration(G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 2022-09) Mallik, Shubham; Mallik, Shubham; Mallik, Shubham; Bhandari, S.S.; Bhandari, S.S.; Bhandari, S.S.In order to improve the melting performance of phase change materials (PCM) in latent heat thermal energy storage unit (LHTES), the Angled rectangular with U-shaped tip fin design is proposed in this work. A two-dimensional numerical model based on enthalpy porosity method and Boussinesq approximation were used to model PCMs phase change transformation and the Buoyancy effect. The melting behavior of PCM is investigated by melt front evolution, temperature variation, effect of natural convection and variation of Stefan and Fourier number respectively. The results conclude that Angled rectangular U-shaped tip fin LHTES design is best suitable to enhances melting performance of PCM. The melting time decreases by 80.60 %, 74.42 % and 79.69 % as compared to Bare pipe for Angled rectangular with U-shped tip fin for PCMs Lauric acid, Paraffin wax and Capric acid respectively. The solidification time also decreases by a factor these PCMs. The melting time also decrease by a factor of 71.13 % due to rotation effect of whole domain for Angled rectangular with U-shaped tip fin latent heat thermal energy storage system.ThesisItem Open Access Investigation on the thermal performance of shell and tube thermal energy storage system using paraffin wax as phase change material(G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 2022-09) Tiwari, Mayank; Verma, PrashantEnergy conversion is an essential aspect of technology advancement, and hence its efficient generation and use are important in today's scenario. In present scenario, there is a large gap between demand and supply, and it is difficult to meet the current energy requirement. Thermal energy storage devices enable us to attain energy demand while simultaneously minimizing pollution. The semi-circular outer shell geometry of the LHTES unit with and without fins on the inner tube using paraffin wax as phase change material has not been investigated yet. Hence it has been decided to investigate the melting performance of paraffin wax numerically and experimentally for circular shell, semi-circular shell without fins and semi-circular shell with finned tube latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems. Numerical analysis of two-dimensional model of different configurations of the LHTES system has been performed in Ansys fluid fluent to investigate the thermal performance of paraffin wax. Since natural convection plays important role in the melting process so the outer shell geometry is modified to semi-circular so that whole PCM is present in the upper portion and the heat transfer between the solid PCM and liquid PCM improves. In order to further improve the thermal performance fins are added to inner tube of the LHTES unit. Therefore, five different configurations including three different semi-circular with finned tube for different fin angles ( = 60º, 90º, 120º), semi-circular without fin, circular configuration have been investigated for the melting performance of the PCM. The results for a semi-circular shell with a fin angle of 90º for the LHTES system are found better as the thermal energy storage rate of finned tube LHTES system is 0.11 kW, which is 110% higher as compared to circular and 88% higher as compared to the semi-circular LHTES system. The semi-circular shell with finned tube LHTES melts the PCM completely in 66 minutes which is 54.98% less than the circular LHTES system and 32.65 % less in comparison to semi-circular without fin configuration. Thermal energy stored in the circular and semi-circular without fins arrangement of LHTES unit is 275.7 KJ and 290.37 KJ respectively. The thermal energy stored in the semi-circular LHTES unit with fins on the inner tube is 297 KJ which is 7.72% more as compared to the circular configuration and 2.3% more than the semi-circular without fins arrangement for same time period of 7200 sec. The thermal energy storage efficiency of semi-circular with finned tube LHTES unit has been found 6.72% higher than that of the circular LHTES system and 2% higher than the semi-circular without finned tube LHTES.