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Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar

After independence, development of the rural sector was considered the primary concern of the Government of India. In 1949, with the appointment of the Radhakrishnan University Education Commission, imparting of agricultural education through the setting up of rural universities became the focal point. Later, in 1954 an Indo-American team led by Dr. K.R. Damle, the Vice-President of ICAR, was constituted that arrived at the idea of establishing a Rural University on the land-grant pattern of USA. As a consequence a contract between the Government of India, the Technical Cooperation Mission and some land-grant universities of USA, was signed to promote agricultural education in the country. The US universities included the universities of Tennessee, the Ohio State University, the Kansas State University, The University of Illinois, the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Missouri. The task of assisting Uttar Pradesh in establishing an agricultural university was assigned to the University of Illinois which signed a contract in 1959 to establish an agricultural University in the State. Dean, H.W. Hannah, of the University of Illinois prepared a blueprint for a Rural University to be set up at the Tarai State Farm in the district Nainital, UP. In the initial stage the University of Illinois also offered the services of its scientists and teachers. Thus, in 1960, the first agricultural university of India, UP Agricultural University, came into being by an Act of legislation, UP Act XI-V of 1958. The Act was later amended under UP Universities Re-enactment and Amendment Act 1972 and the University was rechristened as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology keeping in view the contributions of Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Chief Minister of UP. The University was dedicated to the Nation by the first Prime Minister of India Pt Jawaharlal Nehru on 17 November 1960. The G.B. Pant University is a symbol of successful partnership between India and the United States. The establishment of this university brought about a revolution in agricultural education, research and extension. It paved the way for setting up of 31 other agricultural universities in the country.

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2005 - 20082
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Subject: Veterinary Public Health × Author: Karabasanavar, Nagappa × End date: 2019 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on the pesticide (Chlorpyrifos and Endosulphan) residues in water, milk and feed/fodder using high performance liquid chromatography
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2005-01) Karabasanavar, Nagappa; Singh, S.P.
    In the present study residual concentrations of chlorpyrifos and endosulphan residues in water (152), milk (170), feed (40) and fodder (25) samples collected from various locations of Tarai and Kumaon regions of Uttaranchal were determined. For extracting these residues from water C-18 cartridges were used, while liquid-liquid partition followed by alumina column chromatography was used for the clean up and the detection and quantification of these residues was undertaken with the help of HPLC using diode array detector. Chlorpyrifos residues were detected in 1.32 % of the samples with the mean residual concentration of 0.036 μg/ml, while 13.2 % samples showed the residues of total endosulphan with the mean residual concentration of 0.278, 0.212 and 0.276 μg/ml, respectively, for endosulphan α, endosulphan β and endosulphan sulphate; where, 1.32 % and 11.18 % samples violated the prescribed limit for chlorpyrifos and endosulphan, respectively. About 4.7 and 8.23 % of milk samples showed chlorpyrifos and total endosulphan residues, respectively, with the mean residual concentration of 0.092, 0.244, 0.566 and 0.265 μg/ml, respectively, for chlorpyrifos, endosulphan α, endosulphan β and endosulphan sulphate. Of the total 170 milk samples analyzed 8 (4.7 %) and 11 (6.47 %) samples respectively, were found to contain chlorpyrifos and endosulphan residues above the prescribed MRL. About 17.5 % of feed samples were positive for chlorpyrifos with mean residual concentration of 0.058 μg/g. On the other hand, 40 % samples were found positive for total endosulphan with the mean residual concentration of 0.402, 0.147 and 0.373 μg/g, respectively, for endosulphan α, endosulphan β and endosulphan sulphate; where in about 22.5 % samples contained residues above the prescribed limit. Out of 25 fodder samples analyzed, chlorpyrifos residues were present in 4 % of samples with mean residual concentration of 0.390 μg/g, while endosulphan α and endosulphan sulphate were found in 44 % of samples with the mean residual concentration of 0.225 μg/g and 0.248μg/g, respectively. None of the samples, however, contained the residues above the prescribed limit.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Molecular identification of animal species using Polymerase Chain Reaction based techniques
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-06) Karabasanavar, Nagappa; Singh, S.P.
    Species-specific PCR assays were developed for the authentic identification of cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, pig and chicken. The mitochondrial D-loop was targeted in cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, and pig; while nuclear 5-aminolevulinate synthase gene was used as target for amplification in chicken. The developed species-specific PCR assays yielded products specific to the species studied. In order to exclude the possibility of cross amplification, 25 animal species including different breeds were considered that consisted of mammals, birds, rodent and fish species covering most of the domestic, pet and wild animals. The suitability of the species-specific PCR assays was confirmed in raw (n=20), cooked (60,80 and 100oC for 30 min), autoclaved (121oC for 30 min) and the micro-oven processed meat and meat products such as kabab, mutton curry, chevon curry, pork sausage, chicken patties, chicken products (samosa, nuggets and loaves). The sensitivity of the PCR was established to be at 0.1% in all species studied for the detection of adulteration and the limit of detection was 0.1 pg in cattle and goat, 1 pg in sheep and 10 pg in buffalo, pig and chicken. Based on the present investigation it was concluded that, the species specific PCR assays developed in this study could be used for the authentication of raw, cooked (up to 121oC) and adulterated (up to 0.1%) animal tissues and their products for the specific identification of cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, pig and chicken. For the simultaneous detection of cattle and buffalo a multiplex PCR was developed using species-specific forward and common reverse primers. Further, for the identification of an unknown species an alternative approach was used, that involvedisolation of total DNA from the cells, PCR amplification of a region of mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene, sequencing of the PCR amplicon and analysis of the sequence. Using this approach, nine species of animals (leopard, Bengal and Siberian tigers, goral, muntjak, sika deer, camel, parakeet and a black kite) were unambiguously identified. This research work presents novel diagnostic primers for 6 animal species and validates the sequence analysis as a tool for identification animal species.