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Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar
After independence, development of the rural sector was considered the primary concern of the Government of India. In 1949, with the appointment of the Radhakrishnan University Education Commission, imparting of agricultural education through the setting up of rural universities became the focal point. Later, in 1954 an Indo-American team led by Dr. K.R. Damle, the Vice-President of ICAR, was constituted that arrived at the idea of establishing a Rural University on the land-grant pattern of USA. As a consequence a contract between the Government of India, the Technical Cooperation Mission and some land-grant universities of USA, was signed to promote agricultural education in the country. The US universities included the universities of Tennessee, the Ohio State University, the Kansas State University, The University of Illinois, the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Missouri. The task of assisting Uttar Pradesh in establishing an agricultural university was assigned to the University of Illinois which signed a contract in 1959 to establish an agricultural University in the State. Dean, H.W. Hannah, of the University of Illinois prepared a blueprint for a Rural University to be set up at the Tarai State Farm in the district Nainital, UP. In the initial stage the University of Illinois also offered the services of its scientists and teachers. Thus, in 1960, the first agricultural university of India, UP Agricultural University, came into being by an Act of legislation, UP Act XI-V of 1958. The Act was later amended under UP Universities Re-enactment and Amendment Act 1972 and the University was rechristened as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology keeping in view the contributions of Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Chief Minister of UP. The University was dedicated to the Nation by the first Prime Minister of India Pt Jawaharlal Nehru on 17 November 1960.
The G.B. Pant University is a symbol of successful partnership between India and the United States. The establishment of this university brought about a revolution in agricultural education, research and extension. It paved the way for setting up of 31 other agricultural universities in the country.
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ThesisItem Open Access Effect of drip irrigation levels and black plastic mulch on capsicum production under naturally ventilated polyhouse(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-06) Debbarma, Sajal; Bhatt, LalitThesisItem Open Access Assessment of genetic diversity and path analysis in pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.) under tarai condition of Uttarakhand(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-08) Debata, Jagamohan; Maurya, Suresh KumarThe present study was carried out at Vegetable Research Center of G.B.P.U.A & T., Pantnagar during summer-rainy season, 2015. Thirty six genotypes of pointed gourd were grown in Augmented Block Design II with three checks (Kashi Alankar, Swarna Rekha and Rajendra Parwal1) which were arranged in six blocks, each block possess six genotypes and three checks. Observations were recorded on twenty yield and its contributing characters. Statistical analysis of data was done using the standard programme for genetic variability in general performance, PCV, GCV, heritability, genetic advance, correlation coefficient, D2 analysis, principal component analysis of component traits and path analysis on yield. Analysis of variance revealed significant difference for most of the character except seed weight per fruit. A narrow range of genetic differences between the PCV and GCV indicates that the traits are mostly governed by genetic factors with minimum environmental influence on the phenotypic expression of these traits. High genetic advance coupled with high heritability was found for number of fruits per plant, nodes per vine, average fruit weight and days to first female flowering suggested that there is high scope for improvement in these characters through direct phenotypic selection. Fruit weight per plant (0.99), number of fruits per plant (0.73), fruit length (0.59) and nodes per vine (0.30) were highly significant and positively correlated with the fruit yield. The phenotypic path coefficient showed a direct positive effect by traits like fruit length (0.59), fruit circumference (0.33), average fruit weight (0.49), number of primary branches (0.35), nodes per vine (0.30), number of fruits per plant (0.73), fruit weight per plant (0.99) on fruit yield, whereas seed weight per fruit (-0.33) showed a direct negative effect on fruit yield. A total of eight principal components were identified with principal component analysis which accounts 83.63 per cent of total variation. All the thirty nine genotypes of pointed gourd were classified into seven non-overlapping clusters on the basis of D2 analysis and maximum inter-cluster distance were found between cluster VII and IV (72.42). This indicate that inter genotypic crosses between the members of cluster VII and IV would exhibit high heterosis and is also likely to produce new recombinants with desired traits. High cluster mean value for total soluble solid (4.13), number of primary branches (8.46), vine length (7.74) and nodes per vine (77.45) were presented in cluster III, however cluster I perceived genotypes with highest mean value for fruit length (9.35), fruit dry matter (7.24). Among the various traits studied, number of fruits per plant contributed the maximum (84.48%) towards divergence. Among the 36 genotypes, three genotypes namely PPG-12 (31.22 t), PPG-16 (28.32 t), PPG-1 (28.22 t) were found most promising for fruit yield per hectare over the best check i.e. Kashi Alankar (26.80 t). Thus, with this study it may be concluded that above information about genetic divergence can be utilized in pointed gourd future breeding programme for the development of high yielding and commercial cultivar.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of dates of transplanting on fruit yield of sweet pepper using low plastic tunnel and black plastic mulch under tarai conditions of Uttarakhand(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-06) Rawat, Poonam; Uniyal, S.P.ThesisItem Open Access Morphological, neutraceutical and protein profile diversity among different genotypes of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.)(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-06) Naula, Richa; Singh, AnitaThesisItem Open Access Seed heteromorphism, seed quality assessment, genetic divergence and stability analysis in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp](G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand), 2016-12) Prasad, Shambhoo; Verma, J.S.The present investigation was carried out with 28 cowpea varieties over three seasons of Kharif -2013, Kharif-2014 and Kharif -2015. The field experiments were conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) while under laboratory conditions the experiments were laid out in Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. The observations under field and laboratory conditions were recorded on 10 randomly selected plants or plant parts, seeds as well as seedlings as per the standard procedure. Seed heteromorphism studies showed considerable variability among cowpea varieties that might be helpful in developing specific seed processing equipments which can be used for upgrading the seed from harvested bulk seed lots. Seed coat texture, colour, shape and hilum colour can be used for identification of specific variety. Seed hydration capacity, hydration index, swelling capacity and swelling index help to understand the property of seed coat texture, which is used for the assessment of cowpea seed cooking properties. Water uptake by white/creamy white seed coated varieties was more rapid than black, red, light brown to dark brown coated seeds, while seeds with gray mottled coat imbibed slowly. Imbibition pattern showed genotypic differences, of which vegetable (Kashi series) and grain type (PL-1 and PL-2) varieties imbibe more rapidly causing imbibition damage than forage type varieties. Lower field emergence recorded in vegetable (Kashi series) and grain type (PL-1 and PL-2) varieties was associated with more imbibition damage than forage type varieties as confirmed by electrical conductivity test which is used for seed vigour classification. Germination test, seedling growth test and germination related indices were used for seed quality assessment. Maximum values for almost all the seed quality parameters was recorded in UPC series and other forage type varieties than Kashi series and grain type varieties. Higher value of normal seedling, root and shoot length, vigour index I, vigour index II, speed of germination, relative growth index and lower value of time taken to complete 50 per cent germination and mean germination time indicated the vigour potential of varieties, thus these parameters can be used to assess the seed quality and planting value of seed lot that will help farmers in taking decision to select the appropriate variety for sowing. Almost all the seed quality parameters showed significant correlation with field emergence except standard germination (SG), germination index (GI), mean germination time (MGT), mean daily germination (MDG) and membrane integrity (MI). Therefore, the normal seedling percentage, vigour index-I, vigour index-II, speed of germination, time to 50 per cent seed germination and imbibition damage tests can be used to predict the field emergence potential of cowpea seed lots. Maximum values of genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variability were recorded for plant height, seed yield per plot, pod length, 100-seed weight and seed length. Higher heritability coupled with moderate to high genetic advance found for all the characters except number of branches per plant also indicated that selection would be effective for these traits. Thus, development of an ideal variety which may performe better under changing climate can be undertaken by using better donor parent for the crossing nursery. For the identification of stable varieties the AMMI model was used. The combined analysis of variance showed that environment was dominant source of variation for almost all the characters. Genotype x environment interaction further divided, of which the first interaction principal component axis (IPCA-I) contributed more than 70 per cent G x E interaction variation while remaining variability contributed due to residual effect. The cowpea varieties UPC 622 (4), UPC 5286 (1), UPC 8705 (12) and IL-1177 (23) were found less interactive with test environment because these varieties scored lower IPCA-I value and seed yield was higher than average seed yield , thus considered as most stable varieties across the environments for seed yield. Therefore, it is concluded that the selection during breeding programmes for lines showing slow rates of imbibition and low incidence of imbibition damage may lead to improved seed vigour and the combination of seed quality assessment methods instead of germination test can be used to predict the planting value of seed lots. For the development of high yielding stable varieties, the appropriate donor parents having better yield potential as well as less interactive with test environments can be used in breeding programme.ThesisItem Open Access Stability analysis of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) genotypes under different environments in Tarai region of Uttarakhand(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand), 2016-10) Kannan, D.; Singh, Dhirendra KumarThe present investigation was undertaken to study the stability analysis in cauliflower at Vegetable Research Centre (VRC) of Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar with sixty diverse genotypes. The experiment was evaluated in Augmented Block Design (ABD) under four environmental conditions. Stability analysis was studied for twelve quantitative characters and thirteen qualitative characters. Data were analyzed statistically for stability analysis, effect of spacing and boron, genotypic, phenotypic coefficient of variation, heritability, genetic advance and correlation coefficient. Analysis of variance revealed among the sixty diverse genotypes, thirty genotypes performed stable (fifty percent) over the environments viz., PCF201, PCF202, PCF203, PCF205, PCF206, PCF207, PCF208, PCF215, PCF218, PCF227, PCF221, PCF223, PCF224, PCF225, PCF228, PCF232, PCF233, PCF235, PCF236, PCF237, PCF240, PCF241, PCF243, PCF245, PCF248, PCF250, PCF251, PCF252, PCF253 and PCF255 and eleven genotypes are PCF201, PCF202, PCF203, PCF205, PCF206, PCF218, PCF235, PCF240, PCF248, PCF251 and PCF255 showed most stable performance over the environments. The estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) showed high values in plant weight (g), leaf length, leaf breadth, curd weight, curd length, curd breadth, number of leaves, plant height, plant spread and petiole length. Estimates of genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) showed high values for plant weight, curd weight, curd length, curd breadth, plant height, plant spread and petiole length. High heritability were observed for plant weight (g), leaf breadth, curd weight, curd length, curd breadth, number of leaves, plant height, plant spread and petiole length. While moderate level of heritability were observed for days to first curd formation, days to 50% maturity and leaf length. High level of genetic advance showed in plant weight, curd weight, plant height, and plant spread. Among the four environments comprising different spacing and boron concluded that E1 (60 x 50 cm without boron) gave early days to curd initiation and days to 50% curd maturity while E2 (60 x 50 cm with boron) gave best performance compare to other environments in curd weight, curd length and curd breadth but other two environments high density spacing E3 (50 x 40 cm without boron) and E4 (50 x 40 cm with boron) only favourable for vegetative characters. Correlation studies indicated that curd yield per hectare was significant and positively correlated with curd length, number of leaves, plant height, days to curd formation and days to 50% maturity and negative significantly correlated with curd breadth, petiole length and plant spread.ThesisItem Open Access Molecular characterization, assessment of genetic variability, character association and divergence in taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott. var. Antiquorum) germplasm(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-07) Kathayat, Khushboo; Kushwaha, M.L.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of zinc sulphate application on growth, yield and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-07) Sati, Kailash; Manoj RaghavThe present investigation entitled “Effect of zinc sulphate application on growth, yield and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)” was carried out to examine the mode of zinc sulphate application on growth, yield and quality of potato. The field experiment was conducted during winter seasons of 2014-15 and 2015-16 at Vegetable Research Centre, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. The experiment was carried out in randomized block design with three replications. The experiment comprised ten treatments. Two year investigation revealed that the performance of potato crop was significantly influenced by zinc sulphate application. Among all treatments, treatment T7 (zinc sulphate @ 25 kg/ha at the time of planting + RDF) was found best with respect to tuber yield (35.55 and 37.35 t/ha) and also registered maximum benefit: cost ratio (2.18 and 2.28) during both the years, respectively, whereas, treatment T9 (zinc sulphate @ 12.5 kg/ha. at the time of planting and 12.5 kg/ha. at the time of earthing up + RDF) was found best with respect to quality of potato tubers viz., dry matter (22.57 and 22.27 %), starch (18.56 and 19.11 %) and protein (8.20 and 8.45 %) during both the years, respectively. Based on overall performance, it could be concluded that under prevalent climatic conditions of tarai region of Uttarakhand, application of zinc sulphate @ 25 kg/ha at the time of planting along with 160:100:120 kg N:P2O5:K2O/ha can be recommended to get maximum tuber yield and higher net returns from the potato crop, whereas, the application of zinc sulphate @ 12.5 kg/ha at the time of planting and 12.5 kg/ha at the time of earthing-up along with 160:100:120 kg N:P2O5:K2O /ha can be recommended to get maximum quality of potato tubers.ThesisItem Open Access Molecular characterization and genetic analysis for yield components in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.)(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-01) Mishra, Vibha; Singh, D.K.The present investigation was carried out during 2013-2015 at Vegetable Research Centre and molecular characterization was performed in the NAIP laboratory, Department Of Vegetable Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India, with the major objectives to estimate genetic variability parameters, heritability, genetic advance, magnitude of heterosis, combining ability and correlation studies between various quantitative traits along with their molecular characterization through SSR marker. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant variances among all the genotypes for 18 characters. PCV was slightly higher than GCV for all the traits and broad sense heritability was also observed high for all characters. High heritability along with high genetic advance was observed in fruit yield/plant. The best three parents identified as promisingly general combiners over both the seasons and pooled season were US 33, VNR 28 and VNR 22 for earliness, vegetative growth and yield characters. For earliness VNR 28×US 33 (-3.31), VNR 22×PBIG 2 (-2.92) and VNR 28×MC 84 (-1.83) emerged as good specific combiners. For average fruit weight MC 84× Pant Karela 3 (13.51), PDM ×VNR 28 (11.14) and Pant Karela 3× PBIG 2(10.80) were found with promising SCA effects. For no. of fruits/plant and fruit yield/plant crosses VNR 28×Pant Karela 3(21.66), VNR 22×MC 84 (19.78), VNR 28×MC 84 (10.45), VNR22×Pant Karela 1(398.51g), US33×Pant Karela3 (346.95g) and MC84×Pant Karela 3(264.74g), respectively were found having promising SCA effect. Most of the parents were significant over better parent and standard variety regarding earliness, vegetative traits and yield characters. For 1st female flower anthesis and node no.of 1st female flower highest standard heterosis was shown by the cross PDM ×VNR 28 (-23.95) and VNR 28×MC84 (-36.72). For vegetative characters such as main vine length, internodal length, no. of primary branches and leaf area crosses showing maximum standard heterosis were MC84×Pant Karela3(49.54), VNR28×VNR22 (26.95), Pant Karela 3×PBIG2(40.00) and VNR28×Pant Karela1(360.25), respectively. Maximum amount of standard heterosis for no. of fruits/plant and yield/plant were noted in crosses VNR22×MC 84 (139.44) and US33×Pant Karela3 (26.40). Correlation studies between various quantitative traits revealed fruit yield/plant has significant correlation with average fruit weight, fruit dia., no. of primary branches, first male flower anthesis, main vine length and node no. of female flower. SSR analysis revealed that the maximum similarity value recorded for VNR28×PK1 and MC84×PK3 & US33×PK3 similarity was found 100 %. VNR28×MC84 exhibited least similarity with any of the genotypes 0.59 % , hence was not kept in any cluster.