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Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar
After independence, development of the rural sector was considered the primary concern of the Government of India. In 1949, with the appointment of the Radhakrishnan University Education Commission, imparting of agricultural education through the setting up of rural universities became the focal point. Later, in 1954 an Indo-American team led by Dr. K.R. Damle, the Vice-President of ICAR, was constituted that arrived at the idea of establishing a Rural University on the land-grant pattern of USA. As a consequence a contract between the Government of India, the Technical Cooperation Mission and some land-grant universities of USA, was signed to promote agricultural education in the country. The US universities included the universities of Tennessee, the Ohio State University, the Kansas State University, The University of Illinois, the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Missouri. The task of assisting Uttar Pradesh in establishing an agricultural university was assigned to the University of Illinois which signed a contract in 1959 to establish an agricultural University in the State. Dean, H.W. Hannah, of the University of Illinois prepared a blueprint for a Rural University to be set up at the Tarai State Farm in the district Nainital, UP. In the initial stage the University of Illinois also offered the services of its scientists and teachers. Thus, in 1960, the first agricultural university of India, UP Agricultural University, came into being by an Act of legislation, UP Act XI-V of 1958. The Act was later amended under UP Universities Re-enactment and Amendment Act 1972 and the University was rechristened as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology keeping in view the contributions of Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Chief Minister of UP. The University was dedicated to the Nation by the first Prime Minister of India Pt Jawaharlal Nehru on 17 November 1960.
The G.B. Pant University is a symbol of successful partnership between India and the United States. The establishment of this university brought about a revolution in agricultural education, research and extension. It paved the way for setting up of 31 other agricultural universities in the country.
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ThesisItem Open Access Generation mean analysis for quantitative characters and inheritance of white flower in mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss)(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-06) Limbu, Nandita; Singh, S.P.Rapeseed mustard is an important oilseed crop and occupies third place after groundnut and soybean. The basic objective of any breeding method is to increase the yield per unit area to meet the demand of increasing populations. In recent years, the genetic base of the rapeseed mustard has decreased drastically resulting in limited levels of genetic diversity. Hence, present investigation involved three experiments. First experiment was undertaken to gather information on adequacy of genetic model, nature and magnitude of gene effects in Indian mustard. The second experiment was done to study the inheritance of white flower colour in Families 1 & 2. Third experiment included protein profiling of generations of both the families with the help of SDS-PAGE. The experimental material comprised of two families with ten generations viz., parents (P1 and P2), F1s, RF1s, F2s, RF2s, backcrosses (BC1 and BC2) and reciprocal backcrosses (RBC1 and RBC2). RH 9904 (P1) and Sej-2 (P1) along with a common parent PR-2006-1 (P2) were used for the formation of Family 1 and 2 respectively. These generations were evaluated in Compact Family Block Design. The data of six generations were subjected to generation mean analysis following joint scaling test (Cavalli, 1952). The adequacy of additive-dominance (3 PM) model was observed for days to flowering, number of primary branches, siliqua length and number of seeds per siliqua in Family 2 and for number of secondary branches in Family 1, while for plant height, length of main raceme and 1000-seed weight in both the families. Additive effect was significant for seed yield and total siliqua per plant in Family 2 while for days to flowering, number of secondary branches in Family 1. Length of main raceme, siliqua on main raceme, number of seeds per siliqua showed the significance of additive [d] effects in both the families. Dominance effect was significant in the inheritance of most of the characters in both the families. Duplicate type of epistasis was observed for seed yield in Family 1 and 2. Number of secondary branches and total number of siliqua per plant in Family 2 and oil content in Family 1 showed the presence of duplicate epistasis. The study on inheritance of white flower colour revealed that flower colour in the above genotypes was controlled by recessive monogene with yellow dominant over white colour. Seed protein profiling revealed the absence of any maternal effect among crosses and their reciprocals in both the families. In Family 2, F2 and RF2 were found to be more similar to P2 (female parent) than F1 and RF1 indicating the significance of female parent.ThesisItem Open Access Evaluation of elite germplasm for yield, its components and mineral nutrients in finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.](G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-07) Dhamdhere, Dhanraj Hanumant; Pandey, P.K.The present investigation was undertaken at Breeder Seed Production Centre, GBPUA&T, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand during kharif of 2006-2007. The study was aimed (1) to estimate the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance, (2) to study phenotypic, genotypic, genotypic and environmental correlation between various characters under study and (3) to estimate direct and indirect effect of various component characters on yield. The observations were recorded on 21 quantitative characters and 16 qualitative characters. The analysis of variance revealed that there is highly significant difference among all 29 treatments for all the characters studied. Genotypic coefficient of variation was the major component of total variation however; PCV was invariably higher than GCV for most of the characters studied. Crude fiber content showed high PCV followed by ear weight, iron content, straw weight and grain yield while plant height showed lowest PCV. Ear weight, straw weight and total biomass showed high heritability and high genetic advance while grain yield exhibited moderate heritability and high genetic advance. Plant height, number of tiller per plant, leaf number per plant and finger number showed low heritability. Finger length, straw weight and total biomass showed highly significant positive correlation with yield. Grain yield was found positively associated with days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, thousand grain weight, ear weight and harvest index. Days to 50% flowering showed highly significant positive correlation with days to maturity, ear weight, straw weight and total biomass. All the nutritional characters were found negatively correlated with yield. Total biomass, harvest index, number of tillers per plant, flag leaf area and days to 50% flowering showed positive direct effect on yield while thousand grain weight showed positive indirect effect on yield through ear weight. In mineral nutrient analysis, it is found that the genotypes namely GE-453, GE-483, GE-2941 and GE-3149 found to contain higher content of manganese than the checks (VL- 146, VL-315). Similarly the genotypes GE-146 and GE-483 were found having higher content of iron while GE-2941, GE-4898, GE-4999 and GE-5230 exhibited more total ash than the checks. However the genotypes viz., GE-2219, GE-2760, GE-3099 and GE-5116 found to contain higher amount of crude fiber over the checks. So, it can be concluded that selection for reduced plant height, more number of tillers per plant, increased ear weight, higher total biomass, greater harvest index and more maturity duration would be in favour of achieving higher yield in the finger millet.ThesisItem Open Access Genetic divergence and seed protein profiling in forage cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.](G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-06) Mehra, Deepak; Verma, J.S.The present investigation was undertaken with the objective to know the genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and nature and magnitude of association between fodder yield and its component characters. The genetic diversity based on Mahalanobis D2 statistic, Canonical Root analysis and seed protein profiling (through SDS-PAGE) was also investigated. The experimental material comprised of thirty genotypes of cowpea. The trial was planted during Kharif 2007 at the Crop Research Centre of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The observations were recorded on twenty four characters. Substantial genetic variability was observed among the genotypes for all the characters under study. The characters namely dry matter yield, crude protein yield, green fodder yield, number of leaves per plant, seed yield per plot showed high variability. While number of seeds per pod, terminal leaflet length, days to 50% flowering and dry matter digestibility% exhibited low variability. This indicated that there is sufficient scope for selection of desirable characters among variable genotypes. The estimates of heritability in broad sense were generally high for most of the characters. Number of leaves per plant, 100-seed weight, leaf: stem ratio, pod length, dry matter digestibility%, seed yield per plot, days to 50% flowering, stover yield per plot, plant height, crude protein content% and dry matter yield showed high heritability estimates (more than 75%). Neutral detergent fibre% showed lowest heritability estimates. High to moderate expected genetic advance with high heritability estimates for dry matter yield, plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf: stem ratio, pod length, 100-seed weight, seed yield per plot, stover yield per plot and dry matter digestibility% indicated that substantial improvement in fodder yield and quality could be achieved through selection. Genotypic correlation coefficients were generally higher than the phenotypic correlation coefficients. Seed yield showed significant positive correlation with dry matter yield, dry matter%, crude protein yield and plant height. Green fodder yield also showed positive and significant correlation with number of leaves per plant, number of branches per plant, dry matter yield and crude protein yield On the basis of Mahalanobis D2 values, thirty genotypes were classified into ten clusters. From the pattern of clustering it could be concluded that sufficient divergence was present in the experimental material which enabled the formation of different clusters. Pod length contributed maximum toward divergence followed by crude protein content%, dry matter digestibility%, plant height, number of leaves per plant, stover yield per plot. On the basis of high mean yield and quality traits, better performing genotypes viz., EC 394-1 (cluster VI), TVu 3531-1-5 (cluster III), EC101980 (cluster IX), UPC 287, UPC 9202, UPC 622 (cluster II) identified. The hybridization programme to be practiced across clusters for evolving high yielding derivatives/transgressive segregants Canonical Root analysis for divergence among thirty genotypes showed that first three vectors (1, 2 and 3) were able to explain variation up to 50%. The coefficient of canonical vectors, attached to different characters indicated number of leaves per plant, pod length, dry matter digestibility% and crude protein percentage for their contribution towards total divergence. The two dimensional graph indicated sufficient divergence among the genotypes. The clustering pattern indicated the close correspondence cluster composition as D2 statistic.Cowpea genotypes differ from each other with respect to total number of protein bands, their thickness and intensity. On the basis of SDS PAGE electrophoretic dendrogram, the 30 genotypes were grouped into 5 clusters. The similarity index estimated on the basis of homologous bands between pairs of genotypes, ranged between 53.80 per cent for UPC 618 to 100.0% for Pr-1 and UPC 5286.ThesisItem Open Access Genotype x environment interaction analysis for yield, its components and quality traits in heat tolerant and elite genotypes of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell)(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-07) Arya, Deepti; Jaiswal, J.P.The present investigation was carried out during Rabi 2007-08 at the Crop Resarch Centre of G.B.Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar. The experiment was evaluated in RBD with three replications in two dates of sowing namely, November 30 (E1 and E2) and December 20 (E3 and E4), 2007 and with two doses of nitrogen i.e. 120 and 160 kg/ha. Twenty four wheat genotypes were taken, out of which ten were tolerant (medium to high level of terminal heat tolerance), two susceptible and twelve were elite lines. The observations were recorded on 5 randomly selected competitive plants from the middle two rows of each plot. Considering the nitrogen as one of the major factor determining yield and quality, significant impact of sowing dates and terminal heat stress problem, 24 genotypes of wheat were subjected to correlation, path coefficient and genotype x interaction analysis. Analysis of variance revealed that differences among the genotypes were highly significant for all the characters except starch content in E1, number of spikelets/spike in E2, E3 and E4. Grain yield/m2 exhibited significant positive correlation with harvest index and 1000-grain weight. The grain protein content showed positive correlations both at genotypic and phenotypic levels with sedimentation value over all the four environments. The path coefficient analysis revealed that number of spikelets/spike in and spike length were the important contributor towards the grain yield/m2 and have shown the highest positive direct effect on grain yield/m2. Stability analysis revealed that among the heat tolerant lines viz., NP 846, PBN 51, PBW 373, Raj 4026, Raj 4077, UP 2338, which were observed to be stable, the genotype Raj 4077 was observed with highest yield and considered to be the most stable genotypes. The heat susceptible genotype Raj 4014 was observed to be specifically adapted to unfavourable environment on account of cool weather prevailing during the crop period. Results of the present investigation find its significance as three out of 12 elite lines namely, UP 02215, UP 02240A and UP 02240B were found stable for grain yield/m2 per se in addition to biological yield, harvest index and hectoliter weight.ThesisItem Open Access Bioassay for bruchid resistance and DNA fingerprinting in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.](G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-06) Gupta, Debjyoti Sen; Pandey, IndradeoBruchid (Calosobruchus chinensis L.) is an important store grain pest of pulses in general and cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.)Walp.] in particular. An experiment was conducted at Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Pantnagar to find out possible sources of resistance to bruchid and their biochemical and molecular analysis among ninety genotypes of cowpea which were obtained from IITA, Nigeria and Cowpea Research Centre, Pantnagar. Under initial screening we found thirty genotypes showing moderate to high level of resistance against bruchid. Again selected thirty genotypes were screened were screened following completely randomized design (CRD).Again genotypes were categorized showing moderate to high level of resistance to bruchid. Eighteen selected genotypes were biochemically screened for amylase inhibitor activity and it was found though variability exists for its activity but it may not be sole factor responsible for conferring resistance to bruchid beetle in case of cowpea. Finally selected ten genotypes were analyzed by RAPD (Random Amplified polymorphic DNA) for assessing genetic variability existing among the selected genotypes. It was found that considerable variability exists among the cowpea genotypes. The findings of the above study will certainly aid in the identification of the donor sources of resistance to bruchid, in addition it also indicates possible involvement of other factors including or excluding the amylase inhibitor in conferring resistance to bruchid beetle.ThesisItem Open Access Genetics of yield and quality characters in basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.)(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-06) Anil Kumar; Mani, S.C.Rice (Oryza sativa L.), the second most important crop after wheat, is staple food for nearly 60 per cent of world population and contributes over 20 per cent of total calorie intake of human population. More than 90 per cent of rice is grown in the developing countries of Asia, where the problem of food supplies are acute. Globally, it is cultivated in about 146 million hectares, which produce 520 million tonnes of rough rice annually. In India, rice is grown in an area of 44.0 million hectares with a production of about 91.05 million tonnes and a productivity of 3.1 tonnes per hectare. Genetic improvement in rice has contributed significantly to food security in Asia during the last three decades, but to meet the growing demand of ever-increasing population, it is necessary to produce new rice varieties combining higher yield potential with excellent quality. The present investigation was conducted during Kharif, 2004 to Kharif, 2006 at the Crop Research Centre of G.B.P.U.A.T., Pantnagar. The main objectives of this study were (1) To apply simple and joint scaling tests for the detection of non-allelic interaction (2) To study the simple additive ±dominance and digenic models for the estimation of genetic components of variation (3) To study the gene action for grain yield, its components and certain quality traits in basmati rice (4) To estimate the extent of heterosis and inbreeding depression. Genetic analysis to grain yield ,its components and certain quality traits were based on 7 intraspecfic crosses (UPRI 2003-13 × Taraori Basmati, UPR 2879-98-105 × Pusa 1121-92-8-1-3-3, UPR 2879-98-105 × Type 3, UPRI 2003-18 × UPRI 93-104, UPRI 2003-19 × UPR 2879-98-105, UPR 2879-98-105 × Taraori Basmat, and UPRI 2003-13 × Type 3) involving 8 parents( UPRI 2003-13, Taraori Basmati, UPR 2879-98-105, Pusa 1121-92-8-1-3-3, Type-3, UPRI 2003-18, UPRI 93-104, UPRI 2003-19)and their F1¶s, F2¶s and backcross progenies. Six generations (P1, P 2, F 1¶s, F2¶s, BC1P1¶s and BC1P2¶s) of same 7 crosses, mentioned above, were evaluated by generation mean analysis in a Compact Family Block Design in three replications. Observations were recoded on days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant, number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000-grain weight, grain yield per plant, kernel length, kernel breadth, kernel L/B ratio, cooked kernel length, cooked kernel breadth, cooked kernel L/B ratio, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, gel consistency and amylose content . Additive (d) component was found to be important for day to 50% flowering, plant height, number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000- grain weight, gel consistency and amylose content. Dominance gene effect (h) played an important role in governing the inheritance of days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000- grain weight, grain yield per plant, kernel length, kernel L/B ratio, cooked kernel L/B ratio, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, gel consistency and amylose content. Both additive and dominance effects contributed significantly in the expression of day to 50% flowering, plant height number of grains per panicle, panicle length and 1000- grain weight. Among the digenic interactions, additive x additive (i) was found most important for days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant number of grains per panicle, panicle length , grain yield per plant, kernel length and kernel L/B ratio, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, gel consistency and amylose content The dominance x dominance component (l) was relatively more important for days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant number of grains per panicle, kernel length, kernel L/B ratio, cooked kernel length, cooked kernel breadth, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, and gel consistency , whereas additive x dominance (j) gene effect played important role in the expression of days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant, number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000- grain weight, grain yield per plant, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, and gel consistency. Duplicate epistasis was observed in almost all the crosses for various quantitative and qualitative characters. Most of the crosses exhibited maximum heterosis for grain yield, 1000-grain weight; numbers of grains/panicle, panicle length, number of effective tillers/plant and plant height.ThesisItem Open Access Dus characterization of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) cultivars by morphological, biochemical and molecular markers(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-08) Joshi, Dinesh Chandra; Chawla, H.S.ThesisItem Open Access Estimation of gene effects for seed yield and its component characters in Indian-mustard (Brassica juncea (l.) Czern and Coss)(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-08) Ojha, Om Prakash; Pant, D.P.Rapeseed-mustard, Indian-mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss) is the most important crop grown during rabi season in north western and central part of India. The genetic base of the rapeseed-mustard has decreased drastically resulting in limited levels of genetic diversity which is highly needed to create new accessions. Therefore, present investigation was undertaken to estimate and detect non-allelic interactions using joint scaling test diallel analysis (excluding reciprocals) and triple test cross analysis. The experimental material consisted of 54 genotypes (8parents + 28F’1+4BC1’s+4BC2’s+6F1 with hybrid tester) derived from 8 parents. These progenies were evaluated in a randomized complete block design in three replications. Observations were recorded for 14 important quantitative traits, namely, days to flower initiation, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, length of main shoot, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of siliquae on main shoot, length of siliqua, number of seeds per siliqua, seed yield per plant, 1000-seed weight, oil content and harvest index. The data were subjected to statistical analysis for joint scaling test following Cavalli (1952), diallel analysis following Griffings (1956b, MethodII, Model I) and triple test cross analysis following Ketata et al., (1976). Six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 andBC2) of four crosses namely, JD-6×Vardan (C I), Pusa Karisma×Kranti (C II), Basanti×Pusa bold (C III) and PRQ-2005×Kanti (C IV) were evaluated to study the gene action involve in the inheritance of seed yield and its component characters. The data of six generations were subjected to joint scaling test (Cavalli, 1952) to test the adequacy of additive-dominance and digenic interaction (5 parameter) model. Among gene effects, additive gene effect (d) were found to be more important under adequate model for days to flower initiation and seed yield per plant. Dominance gene effect (h) has important role in governing the inheritance of days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of secondary branches per plant, length of main shoot and 1000-seed weight. Both additive and dominance gene effects were involved in the expression of plant height, length of main shoot, number of secondary branches per plant and seed yield per plant. Considering the interactions ‘i' and ‘l’ were equally important for various quantitative traits. Diallel analysis experiment was consisted of 36 treatment (28 F1’s+8 parents) excluding reciprocals. Parents involved in the experiments are JD-6, Kanti, Basanti, Kranti, Varuna, Pusa Karisma, PRQ-2005 and Pusa bold. The combining ability analysis was carried out following model 1 and method 2 of (Griffings, 1956). General combining ability variances and specific combining ability variances were significant for all the traits. The parents showing best per se performance alongwith high gca were Kanti for days to flower initiation, days to 50% flowring, days to maturity and Kranti for number of secondary branches per plant and length of main shoot. Five top crosses which were selected on the basis of sca effect were Vardan×Pusa Karisma, Kranti×Vardan, Basanti×Kranti, JD-6×Pusa bold and PRQ-2005×Pusa bold. Triple test cross analysis (Ketata et al., 1976) was carried out to study the non-allelic interaction additive and dominance gene effect, degree and direction of dominance for the important economic characters including yield and oil content. The experimental material 6 lines, 3 tester (L1, L2 and L3 i.e. L1×L2) and 18 crosses (line×tester) were grown in randomized block design with 3 replications. Total epistasis was found significant for all the characters except oil content. Magnitude of total epistasis was higher for days to maturity, plant height, length of main shoot, days to 50% maturity, days to flower initiation and siliquae on main shoot. Partitioning of epistasis into ‘i' and ‘j+l’ type epistasis, indicate that presence on non-allelic interaction for different quantitative traits. Both ‘i' and ‘j+l’ type of interaction were found significant for all the characters. Results indicated that most of the characters were under the control of additive gene effects. Dominance gene effect were found significant for days to flower initiation, days to maturity, plant height, primary branches per plant, siliqua on main shoot, seed yield per plant, 1000-seed weight and oil content. Presence of partial dominance was observed for all the characters except 1000-seed weight. Significant and positive correlation coefficient were recorded for days to 50% flowering and siliqua on main shoot. Overall results indicated that both fixable and non-fixable effects are available for most of the characters which may be exploited effectively through the appropriate breeding programmes.ThesisItem Open Access Genetics of yield and quality characters in basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.)(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-06) Anil Kumar; Mani, S.C.Rice (Oryza sativa L.), the second most important crop after wheat, is staple food for nearly 60 per cent of world population and contributes over 20 per cent of total calorie intake of human population. More than 90 per cent of rice is grown in the developing countries of Asia, where the problem of food supplies are acute. Globally, it is cultivated in about 146 million hectares, which produce 520 million tonnes of rough rice annually. In India, rice is grown in an area of 44.0 million hectares with a production of about 91.05 million tonnes and a productivity of 3.1 tonnes per hectare. Genetic improvement in rice has contributed significantly to food security in Asia during the last three decades, but to meet the growing demand of ever-increasing population, it is necessary to produce new rice varieties combining higher yield potential with excellent quality. The present investigation was conducted during Kharif, 2004 to Kharif, 2006 at the Crop Research Centre of G.B.P.U.A.T., Pantnagar. The main objectives of this study were (1) To apply simple and joint scaling tests for the detection of non-allelic interaction (2) To study the simple additive –dominance and digenic models for the estimation of genetic components of variation (3) To study the gene action for grain yield, its components and certain quality traits in basmati rice (4) To estimate the extent of heterosis and inbreeding depression. Genetic analysis to grain yield ,its components and certain quality traits were based on 7 intraspecfic crosses (UPRI 2003-13 × Taraori Basmati, UPR 2879-98-105 × Pusa 1121-92-8-1-3-3, UPR 2879-98-105 × Type 3, UPRI 2003-18 × UPRI 93-104, UPRI 2003-19 × UPR 2879-98-105, UPR 2879-98-105 × Taraori Basmat, and UPRI 2003-13 × Type 3) involving 8 parents( UPRI 2003-13, Taraori Basmati, UPR 2879-98-105, Pusa 1121-92-8-1-3-3, Type-3, UPRI 2003-18, UPRI 93-104, UPRI 2003-19)and their F1’s, F2’s and backcross progenies. Six generations (P1, P2, F1’s, F2’s, BC1P1’s and BC1P2’s) of same 7 crosses, mentioned above, were evaluated by generation mean analysis in a Compact Family Block Design in three replications. Observations were recoded on days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant, number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000-grain weight, grain yield per plant, kernel length, kernel breadth, kernel L/B ratio, cooked kernel length, cooked kernel breadth, cooked kernel L/B ratio, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, gel consistency and amylose content . Additive (d) component was found to be important for day to 50% flowering, plant height, number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000- grain weight, gel consistency and amylose content. Dominance gene effect (h) played an important role in governing the inheritance of days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000- grain weight, grain yield per plant, kernel length, kernel L/B ratio, cooked kernel L/B ratio, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, gel consistency and amylose content. Both additive and dominance effects contributed significantly in the expression of day to 50% flowering, plant height number of grains per panicle, panicle length and 1000- grain weight. Among the digenic interactions, additive x additive (i) was found most important for days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant number of grains per panicle, panicle length , grain yield per plant, kernel length and kernel L/B ratio, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, gel consistency and amylose content The dominance x dominance component (l) was relatively more important for days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant number of grains per panicle, kernel length, kernel L/B ratio, cooked kernel length, cooked kernel breadth, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, and gel consistency , whereas additive x dominance (j) gene effect played important role in the expression of days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant, number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000- grain weight, grain yield per plant, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, and gel consistency. Duplicate epistasis was observed in almost all the crosses for various quantitative and qualitative characters. Most of the crosses exhibited maximum heterosis for grain yield, 1000-grain weight; numbers of grains/panicle, panicle length, number of effective tillers/plant and plant height.
