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Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad (Telangana State)

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2007 - 200912010 - 20141
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Subject: Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry × Author: PRABHAVATHI, M ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN CLUSTERBEAN (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.Taubert)
    (ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD, 2014) PRABHAVATHI, M; PADMAJA, G
    A field experiment entitled “Integrated Nutrient Management in Clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. Taubert)” was conducted during kharif, 2013 at College Farm, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh. The soil of the experimental site was sandy loam with a pH of 8.02 and the electrical conductivity was found to be 0.178 dS m-1. The soil had low organic carbon (0.36%), available nitrogen (198.3 kg ha-1) and available phosphorus (21.4 kg P2O5 ha- 1) and high available potassium (565.5 kg K2O ha-1). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with ten treatments replicated thrice. The treatments were T1 (Absolute control), T2 (100% RDN through urea), T3 (50% RDN through urea + 50% RDN through FYM), T4 (50% RDN through urea + 25% RDN through FYM + Rhizobium), T5 (50% RDN through urea + 25% RDN through FYM + Rhizobium + PSB), T6 (100% RDN through FYM + PSB), T7 (100% RDN through FYM +Rhizobium + PSB), T8 (Rhizobium + PSB), T9 (Rhizobium) and T10 (PSB). The observations on dry matter production were recorded at vegetative, flowering and harvesting stages. Soil samples at initial, vegetative, flowering and at harvest were analysed for pH, EC, OC, available N, P2O5, K2O, and assayed for soil enzyme activity (dehydrogenase, urease, acid and alkaline phosphatase). Plant samples were analysed for N, P and K at vegetative (30DAS), flowering (60DAS) and harvesting stages (90DAS) and nutrient uptake was computed. The oven dried pods were analysed for per cent protein content. The results of the experiment showed that the performance of clusterbean crop improved significantly with integrated use of organic manures, inorganic fertilizers and biofertilizers. The dry matter production, number of pods per plant and pod yield was highest with the application of 50% RDN through urea + 25% RDN through FYM + Rhizobium + PSB (T5). Among the treatments, highest pod yield (47.89 q ha-1), number of pods per plant (107.75) was recorded in T5 followed by T2. Nitrogen uptake, per cent protein content, available nitrogen content in soil were highest in T2 (100% RDN through urea) followed by T5, but the values were on par with each other. Available phosphorus content in soil was more in the treatments having PSB inoculation and the highest values were recorded in T7 and phosphorus uptake was highest in T5. With regard to changes in soil available nutrient status from initial to harvest (0-90DAS), there was an increase in available N, P2O5, K2O in all the integrated treatments along with T2 (100% RDN). Soil dehydrogenase activity and urease activity were found highest with treatment T7 (100% RDN through FYM + Rhizobium + PSB) followed by T6. Highest acid and alkaline phosphatase activity in soil at different growth stages was recorded with the treatment T3 followed by T7 and the values were on par with each other. The benefit-cost ratio of T2 (1.62) was highest, closely followed by T5 (1.36), T4 (1.13) and T3 (0.94). Based on the results of this study and keeping in view the soil health, and to sustain the productivity of clusterbean and also to improve soil biological activity it can be concluded that integrated use of 50% RDN through urea + 25% RDN through FYM + Rhizobium + PSB application is the best option which also helps in maintenance of soil fertility.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EXTENT OF SPREAD OF HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION IN MUNICIPAL DUMP ENVIRONS IN TIRUPATI, ANDHRA PRADESH
    (ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD, 2007) PRABHAVATHI, M; KOTU SREENIVASULU REDDY
    Studies on the "Extent of Spread of Heavy Metal Contamination in Municipal Dump Environs in Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh" were conducted with the objective of assessing the effect of municipal dump environs on soil properties, ground water qualities, nutrient status of index leaf, uptake by whole plant and crop yield losses at different distances from the municipal dump environs. The ground water from bore wells at different lateral distances and soil samples at 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900 and 1000 m distance from the municipal dump environs were collected and analysed for different properties in the year 2006. The crop yield losses in the farmers fields around municipal dump environs were also recorded. The composition of municipal waste in terms of pH, EC, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) and heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb) was relatively more as compared to that of ground water adjoining municipal dump environs. The salt concentration, cationic and anionic composition, micronutrients and heavy metals of ground water increased by the municipal dump environs. The maximum EC recorded was 2.57 dSm-1. The adverse effects of municipal dump environs on quality of ground water in the immediate vicinity (in terms of EC, cations, anions, micronutrients and heavy metals) were more as compared to farther distances. The soluble salt content of ground water adjoining the municipal dump environs was above the permissible levels upto 113 m. The soil properties like EC, OC, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, CO3 --, HCO3 -, Cl-, micronutrients viz., Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu and heavy metals viz., Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb were significantly more in the immediate vicinity of the municipal dump environs. Due to municipal dump environs, the concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb in the index leaf and uptake by rice collected during study periods were slightly higher in the immediate vicinity of the municipal dump environs as compared to the farther distances. The adverse effects of municipal dump environs on rice were continued upto 200m. There is a need to take up legislation regarding the disposal of municipal wastes, so as to maintain sufficient distance from agricultural fields, drinking / irrigation water sources and human habitations.