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Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad (Telangana State)

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Subject: Microbiology × Author: MAHESH DURISETI × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MARKER ASSISTED SELECTION FOR DURABLE GALL MIDGE (Orseolia oryzae) RESISTANCE IN RICE
    (PROFESSOR JAYASHANKAR TELANGANA STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, 2018) MAHESH DURISETI; DURGA RANI, Ch.V
    Biotic stresses such as gall midge (GM) and bacterial blight (BB) account for significant economic losses annually in rice. The major resistance genes viz., Gm4, gm3, Gm8 for GM and xa13, Xa21 for BB offer resistance to these stresses. Marker assisted pedigree selection was carried out at Institute of Biotechnology, PJTSAU, Hyderabad to develop rice lines with resistance to these stresses. For this three parents involved in a crossing programme viz., NIL of MTU1010 (Gm4, xa13, Xa21), RP2068- 18-3-5 (gm3) and Aganni (Gm8) were used. During Rabi 2014-15 two crosses were made involving NIL of MTU1010 as female parent and RP2068-18-3-5 and Aganni as male parents. F1 seeds obtained in these crosses were raised in Kharif 2015. Functional markers (LRR del for Gm4, gm3del3 for gm3, PRP for Gm8, xa13 promo for xa13 gene) and another closely gene linked marker (pTA248 for Xa21) were used to confirm hybridity of the two crosses. One plant from each cross were intercrossed to get ICF1 seeds. During Rabi 2015-16, ICF1 plants were raised, genotyped using aforesaid markers. One plant with desired gene combination (Gm4gm4Gm3gm3Gm8gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21) was selected and forwarded to ICF2 generaton. During Kharif 2016 ICF2 plants were genotyped and 7 distinct gene combinations (Gm4Gm4gm3gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21, Gm4Gm4gm3gm3gm8gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21, Gm4Gm4Gm3Gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21, gm4gm4gm3gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21, Gm4Gm4Gm3Gm3gm8gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21, gm4gm4gm3gm3gm8gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21 and gm4gm4Gm3Gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21) representing five gene, four gene and three gene combinations were selected and forwarded to ICF3 generation. During Rabi 2016-17 ICF3 progenies obtained from selected ICF2 plants were checked for uniformity of genes using aforesaid functional markers. Single plant selections were forwarded to ICF4 generation for phenotyping studies. A total of 69 ICF4 lines comprising of 51 five gene pyramids (Gm4Gm4gm3gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21), 9 four gene pyramids (Gm4Gm4gm3gm3gm8gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21, Gm4Gm4Gm3Gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21 and ii gm4gm4gm3gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21) and another 9 three gene pyramids (Gm4Gm4Gm3Gm3gm8gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21, gm4gm4gm3gm3gm8gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21, gm4gm4Gm3Gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21) were subjected to phenotyping studies at RARS, Warangal where natural occurrence of GMB4M is prevalent. Out of 69 ICF4 lines, 12 lines scored ‘0’ with zero percent incidence of silvershoot. Among the 12, ten are five gene pyramids (Gm4Gm4gm3gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21) and two are four gene pyramids (Gm4Gm4Gm3Gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21). 37 lines scored ‘1’ with less than 1% incidence of silvershoots. Out of 37 lines, 36 are five gene pyramids (Gm4Gm4gm3gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21) and one is four gene pyramid (Gm4Gm4Gm3Gm3Gm8Gm8xa13xa13Xa21Xa21). Hence these 49 progenies with 0 and 1 scores were considered as resistant. Phenotyping was done in these 49 progenies for gall midge resistance against GMB1 biotype at ICAR-IIRR, Hyderabad under green house condition. Results showed that out of the 49 lines except three five gene pyramid ICF4 lines remaining scored ‘0’ hence considered as resistant. Therefore a total of 46 lines considered to be showing resistance against both the gall midge biotypes. As a whole five gene pyramids performed better followed by four gene pyramids, indicating the complementary/additive nature of GM resistance genes. BB screening in these 46 lines shown most of them scored ‘1’ and a few scored ‘3’ hence all these lines were considered to be resistant for BB. There is no antagonistic nature was observed between gall midge and BB genes. Agronomic evaluation also shown 12 lines performed better when compared with standard check MTU1010. Out of 12, five lines (F2-646-14, F2-701-11, F2-701-15, F2-735-12 and F2-899-1) registered significant yield superiority to MTU1010, while 7 lines (F2-598-12, F2-646-8, F2-646-18, F2-811- 16, F2-899-9, F2-998-2 and F2-36-11) showed numerical superiority over MTU1010 along with durable GM and BB resistance. In the present study phenotypic correlation coefficient analysis revealed that plant height, productive tillers, panicle length and number of seeds/panicle components contributed to the plant yield. Through pedigree method of breeding with marker assisted selection, we have successfully combined GM and BB resistance genes against two important biotic stresses i.e. gall midge and bacterial blight. Key words: Gall midge, Bacterial Blight, functional markers, gene pyramid, Gm4, gm3, Gm8, xa13 and Xa21 genes.