Loading...
University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad
The University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad was established on October 1, 1986.
The University has 5 Colleges, 27 Research Stations, 6 Agriculture Extension Education Centers, 6 Krishi Vigyan Kendras and ATIC. The University has its jurisdiction over 7 districts namely Bagalkot, Belgaum, Bijapur, Dharwad, Gadag, Haveri, and Uttar Kannada in northern Karnataka. Greater diversity exists in soil types, climate, topography cropping and farming situations. The jurisdiction includes dry-farming to heavy rainfall and irrigated area. Important crops of the region include sorghum, cotton, rice, pulses, chilli, sugarcane, groundnut, sunflower, wheat, safflower etc. The region is also known for many horticultural crops.
Considerable progress has been registered in the field of education, research and extension from this University.
Browse
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access Agricultural Development and Food Security In India and Nigeria: a Comparative Economic Analysis(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-06) Isah Musa Ahmad; Kiresur, V.R.The study aimed at comparing the agricultural development and food security between India and Nigeria. The mean GDP of India was seven times higher than that of Nigeria while GDP per capita of Nigeria was statistically higher to that of India. Service sector contributes highest to GDP but in Nigeria it was agriculture. The average productivity of major agricultural crops in India was averagely higher in India except in sorghum, millet, groundnut, coffee and cotton. There was a declining growth trend of cattle and camel population in India while in Nigeria the declined growth trend was in sheep and goat during the study period. Decomposition analysis in India indicated a productivity-led growth of cereals, area-led growth in pulses, fruits and non-food crops while in Nigeria there was a productivity-led growth in non-food, and an area-led growth in cereals, vegetables and oilseed crops, respectively. The food demand and supply gap in projection reveals that India would be in a surplus of all food commodity group(s) in the year 2020, 2025 and 2030 except in sorghum, pulses and oilseeds while Nigeria would be in surplus of maize, sorghum and fruits in the year 2020 and pulses in the year 2020, 2025 and 2030 respectively. Engel curve identifies similarity in consumption expenditure on food item in both the two countries. Meat, fish, beverages and fruits were revealed as superior food items in India and in Nigeria milk and milk products are superior food items. Food security multi- dimensional index places India at 60.76 per cent and Nigeria at 54.60 per cent improvement on food security.ThesisItem Open Access Impact of Climate Variability on Agriculture in North Karnataka-an Economic Analysis(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-06) Tirlapur, Laxmi N.; Mamle Desai, N.R.Climate and agriculture are inextricably linked. Climate change will affect crop yield per hectare causing food insecurity and loss of livelihood. Therefore, present study was undertaken to analyze the impact of climate variability, weather extremities and impact of weather based farming on farm income in north Karnataka. Results revealed that, in Bellary, Bidar, Vijayapura, Kalaburagi and Raichur districts rainfall showed decreasing trend whereas in Belagavi, Dharwad and Uttara Kannda districts rainfall showed an increasing trend during 1983-2013. Maximum deviation in the magnitude of average rainfall between the driest and wettest years was observed for Uttara Kannada district i.e. 385.7 mm, followed by Belagavi (382.7 mm) and Bidar (332.7 mm) districts. Vulnerability analysis revealed that, Bidar ranked first in the overall vulnerability to climate change among the districts of north Karnataka between 1990 to 2013. Agricultural and occupational sector played a significant role to make Bidar district as highly vulnerable. Belagavi and Vijayapura were selected as drought affected areas. It was observed that yield of bajra, tur, sorghum and greengram were significantly affected due to drought in Vijayapura. Whereas, in Belagavi district sugarcane, safflower, bengalgram and cotton yield were affected significantly due to drought. Farmers were not able to cultivate 14.95 per cent and 27.73 per cent of area in Vijayapura and Belagavi districts respectively during drought. To address these problems farmers from Belagavi district using Agromet Advisory Service (AAS) were surveyed. Farmers were using AAS during spraying of plant protection chemicals followed by irrigation (66.67 %), sowing (43.33 %) and fertilizer application (13.33 %). Net returns obtained by AAS farmers was observed to be more in case of soybean (29.46 %) followed by cotton (28.44 %), wheat (26.49 %), greengram (26.45 %), sorghum (25.42 %), bengalgram (24.54%), sunflower (23.24 %), groundnut (20.92 %) and maize (19.44 %) compared to non-AAS farmers.ThesisItem Open Access AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF SILK REELING UNITS IN KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 1999) KERUTAGI, M G; RANGANATHA SASTRY, K N"Karnataka is leading in mulberry silk production. The focus of the study was on economic analysis of silk reeling units. Multistage sampling procedure was adopted and totally 250 samples were selected. Relevant data collected from primary' and secondary sources were analysed through tabular, cluster, orthogonal polynomial regression, log-linear regression, frontier function and decomposition techniques. The growth analysis of charka and cottage basins in Karnataka showed an increasing trend upto 1996, then onwards showed a declining trend. Charka and cottage basins in Bangalore and Kolar districts exhibited constant increasing trend. Mysore district showed a unique pattern of declining trend in the later part of 1990s. Renditta was 8.82, 9.57 and 9.02 kg in charka, cottage and multi-end basins respectively. The share of cocoon cost to the total cost was 85 percent in these systems. Sources of fuel used in reeling were neither eco-friendly nor cost-effective. Net returns per kg of silk reeled were Rs.47,21, Rs. 146.18 and Rs. 185.28 in these systems, respectively. Medium charkas (4-5/unit) and cottage basins (6-8/unit) were found optimum. The proportion of women labour used was more in all the systems. Labour employed per kg of silk reeled was 1.07, 1.45 and 1.34 man-days in charka, cottage and multi-end basins, respectively. The value addition (72.18%) in cottage basin reeUng over charkas was mainly due to technique of reeling (57.56%) and the remaining attributed for the use of inputs (14.62%). The package for introduction of silk reeling in new sericulture area suffers from lack of skilled labour, infrastructure, financial support and correct information about the programmes. The conditions under which children worked were most pathetic. Present laws and their efficiency of implementation have not solved the problem of child and women labour exploitation, hence needs the thorough investigation."ThesisItem Open Access ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF GULBARGA MILK UNION, KARNATAKA STATE(University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 1999) PATIL, SURESH S; HIREMATH, G KThe present study aimed at the economic evaluation of units and performance of Gulbarga Milk Union operating in and Gulbarga districts of Karnataka State. A multisampling technique was employed in the selection of dist: taluks, villages and target groups for the study. The population of cows and buffaloes in Bidar and Gu: districts grew at 0.85 and 3.65 per cent for cows and 8.2.' 3.16 per cent for buffaloes respectively, from 1951 to indicating a scope for dairy activities. In general, sample dairy owners had an average of 3.0 animals comprising of 28.53 per cent crossbred cows 20.7; cent local cows and 50.75 per cent buffaloes. The net retu: in tne high milk producing group \Rs.ll,806/-) followed by medium (Rs.8287/-) and low dairy group (Rs.7315/-). the benefit cost ratio was the highest from the crossbred cows ,(1.99)followed by local cows (1.74) and buffaloes (1.71). Taluks of Bidar and Gulbarga districts were clustered into regions of potential and market driven dairy development based on reainfall, irrigation, fallow land, intensity of cropping ar.d the extent of industrialization. The per liter cost of milk production was Rs.4.74 in crossbred cow, Rs.6.39 in local ccw and Rs.6.54 in buffaloes. The corresponding net returns were Rs.0.62, 1.32 and 0.55 per litre of milk. The performance of the dairy unit is judged by the important parameters viz., the number of crossbred cows, milk productivity, grazing land, area under fodder, availability of green fodder concentrates and under veterinary services in all the groups which was revealed by the principal component analysis. Financial ratio analysis indicated that the milk union head not performed well on account of the increase in liability due to investment in fixed assets, low rate of liquidity lower networth position and declining trend in profitability over time, of state of poor performance of the union was reflected in terms of the problems faced by the union in poor resource management, low infrastructural facilities, low capacity utilization due to high fluctuation in the milk procurement, high procurement cost, high overhead cost and cutthroat competition from the private milk agencies. The important policy measures suggested were to increase operational efficiency to reduce cost, strengthening dairy cooperatives, improve capacity utilization of dairy plants and prompt delivery system of milk to consumers.ThesisItem Open Access DYNAMICS OF STRUCTURAL INTERDEPENDENCE AND AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA An Analysis in Input-Output Framework(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 1993) Suryaprakash, S; Srinivasa Gowda, M VABSTRACT NOT AVAILABLEThesisItem Open Access YIELD GAPS AND CONSTRAINTS IN PRODUCTION OF MAJOR CROPS IN NORTH KARNATAKA - AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS(University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 1999) GADDI, GANGAPPA M; MUNDINAMANI, S MThe present study was conducted to ascertain the yield gaps and constraints in the production of jowar, groundnut arid cotton in north Kamataka. Primary data from 240 sample farmers and secondary data from concerned research station were collected for the agricultural year 1996-97. Tabular, Cobb-Douglas and Frontier production function, Path and Decomposition Analyses were used for the analysis of data. The index of yield gap worked out to be 58.83 per cent, 57.43 per cent and 56.55 per cent for jowar, groundnut and cotton, respectively. Nearly 70 per cent of potential farm yield in jowar and groundnut and 65 per cent of the potential farm yield in cotton was realised by the sample farmers. The significance of the dummy (technique of production) coefficients confirmed the structural difference in the production surfaces between the demonstration plots and the farmers field. Path analysis revealed that input gaps have a high degree of association with the yield gaps. Plant nutrient excerted the maximum direct effect on the observed yield gap in jowar and groundnut, whereas, it was human labour in cotton. Decomposition analysis also showed that difference in cultural practices between farmers field and demonstration plots was the major contributing factor to the yield gap in jowar (21.42%) and cotton (27.79%), while input gap contributed for the highest share in groundnut (18.58%). Among the various inputs, plant nutrient (jowar and groundnut) and human labour (cotton) accounted for the major portion of the yield gaps. In the study area jowar sample fanners achieved about 70 percent frontier output, whereas, slightly greater (80%) efficiency was recorded by groundnut and cotton sample farmers. The Kopp measure of allocative efficiency analysis showed a very high degree of inefficiency in the use of resources for all the three crops. The resource use efficiency analysis revealed that profitability ratio, for most of the crops differed from unity. Thus there is a need for reallocation of expenditure among different resources so as to optimise the crop production.ThesisItem Open Access EXPORT POTENTIAL OF MANGO IN NORTHERN KARNATAKA - AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2001) Mamle Desai, N R; Hiremath, G K"THE STUDY WAS CONDUCTED IN THE MANGO BELT OF NORTHERN KARNATAKA, NAMELY BELGAUM AND DIVIDED DHARWAD DISTRICTS WHERE THE EXPORT-ORIENTED ALPHONSO MANGO IS CULTIVATED. CULTIVATORS WERE SELECTED THROUGH A RANDOM SAMPLE DESIGN WHILE ALL THE PROCESSING CENTERS IN THE STUDY AREA WERE INCLUDED FOR THE STUDY OF PROCESSING. INSTITUTIONS, PARASTATALS AND INDIVIDUALS, GOVERNMENT AND OTHERWISE, CONNECTED WITH MANGO CULTIVATION TRADE AND EXPORT WERE EXTENSIVELY DRAWN UPON FOR INFORMATION. EXPORT PATTERNS STUDIED FOR THE DECADE 1990-1999 INDICATED A POSITIVE COMPOUNDED GROWTH FOR EXPORT OF FRUIT MANGO, PULP, AND SLICES-IN-BRINE BOTH IN PHYSICAL AND VALUE TERMS. JAPAN IN THE CASE OF FRUIT, UAE FOR PULP AND USA FOR SLICES-IN-BRINE SHOWED THE HIGHEST GRO\MH. NOMINAL PROTECTION CO-EFFICIENT FOR SLICES-IN-BRINE WAS THE MOST FAVORABLE EXPORT PRODUCT OWING TO ITS EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS DUE TO LOWER DOMESTIC COSTS, FOLLOWED BY FRUIT AND PULP. UK WAS THE LEAST UNSTABLE IMPORTER OF FRUITS, PULP, AND SLICES-IN-BRINE. MARKOV CHAIN ANALYSIS REVEALED THAT UAE WAS THE PROSPECTIVE MARKET FOR FRUIT AND SLICES-IN BRINE, AND OTHER COUNTRIES, SAUDI ARABIA WAS SO FOR PULP. LARGER FARMERS HAD OLDER AND HIGHER MANGO AREA PROPORTIONS AND THEY CONTINUED TO LEAD IN THE MANGO AREA EXPANSION. PER ACRE CULTIVATION ECONOMICS STUDIED FOR THE YEAR 1999-2000 INDICATED THAT THE ORCHARD ESTABLISHMENT REQUIRED RS. 12.021, ORCHARD MAINTENANCE REQUIRED RS.J.OI"" PER ANNUM AND NET RETURNS WERE RS. 13,726, STIMULATING MANGO EXPANSION IN THE AREA. TRIENNIUM MANGO ALPHONSO YIELD WAS 811 KGS PER ACRE IN DHAR\VAD AND 1081 KGS IN BELGAUM. ALTERNATE FRUIT-BEARING DOUBLED PRICES IN THE LEAN PRODUCTION YEARS. FRUIT SALE WAS UN-REGULATED AND DONE LARGELY THROUGH PREHARVEST CONTRACTORS. PROJECTED MANGO AREA FOR 2004 A.D. WAS 5438 ACRES AND THE CONSEQUENT PRODUCTION WAS 10,917 TONNES AND THIS WOULD REQUIRE AN INVESTMENT OF RS.652 LAKHS. THE LINEAR PROGRAMMING MODEL ITERATED THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THREE ADDITIONAL PROCESSING UNITS IN THE AREA. THE COMPREHENSIVE INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIRED FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE AREA INTO AN EXPORT ZONE WOULD REQUIRE AN ESTIMATED TOTAL OUTLAY OF RS. 1444 LAKHS."ThesisItem Open Access AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF INVESTMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE USE OF GROUND WATER IN KONKAN REGION OF MAHARASHTRA STATE(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2002) Talathi, J M; Hiremath, G K"The creamy section of rural socity with better access to institutional finance and large size of holding are able to invest on ground'Water development. This has pervasive effect on the economic conditions of farming and sustainability of water resource regime. Hence an attempt has been made for assessment of financial feasibility and resource use efficiency under ground water use. A multi-stage sampling technique was followed to draw a sample of 180 farmers fi-om three taluks of Thane district. The data on cropping pattern, irrigation structure and resources use pertained to the agricultural year 1996-97. The returns per hectare were Rs. 98,492 in traditional method of irrigation (TMI) and RS. 1,21,596 in modern method of irrigation (MMI) with per hectare employment of 393 and 311 mandays in TMI and MMI. The cost of irrigation per one lakh litres of water was Rs. 592.32, Rs. 219.73 and Rs. 353.46 in TMI and RS. 701.56, rs. 456.47 and Rs. 579.03 in MMI in dug well (DW), bore well (BW) and dug cum bore well (DCBW) respectively. The NPV, BCR and IRR were fairly higher in MMI over TMI. The internal rate of return (IRR) ranged from 87.38 per cent to 357.57 per cent across different well irrigation structure, due to high profitability in vegetable and fruit production. The payback period for well investment was 2 years. The technological change in output in different methods of irrigation was 19.41 per cent, which was mostly contributed by method of irrigation (14%). There was excess use of factors of production to the extent of 78 to 92 per cent in TMI and 30 to 87 per cent in MMI. This indicated larger scope for efficient use of factors of production in TMI as compared to MMI. In farms with TMI the quantity of water used was excess by 27 per cent over economic optimum while in farms with MMI it was marginally higher (0.38%) over economic optimum estimated. The saving in input use in MMI was observed for human labour (27%), bullock labour (34%), fertilizer (5%) and plant protection chemicals (16%). The actual quantity of water saved in MMI was to the extent of 54 per cent thereby reducing irrigation expenses by 81 per cent. The extent of ground water exploitation to the well yield in different well types was 44 to 76 per cent in farms with TMI and 54 to 65 per cent in farms with MMI. This revealed positive externality in ground water exploitation. The net returns per well in water marketing for non-agricultural purpose were estimated to the tune of Rs. 5.37 lakhs annually. Lack of adequate knowledge about modern method of irrigation (85%), poor quality of irrigation equipment (72%), poor knowledge about precise water requirement of crops (63%) and interval between irrigation (54%) and voltage fluctuation in electricity supply (63%) were the major constraints reported in irrigated farming. These constraints need attention from research and extension agencies for proper exploitation of ground water. This study suggested for popularizing modern (drip) method of irrigation to reduce conveyance losses and wastage of water and further it has advantage of saving in factors of production."ThesisItem Open Access ANIMAL BASED FARMING SYSTEMS FOR LONG TERM SUSTAINABILITY IN NORTHERN KARNATAKA -A SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2003) Wader, Prashanthkumar Rajendra; Kiresur, V R"The study was conducted in three dry zones of Northern Karnataka with an overall objective of identifying and analyzing the optimality and sustainability of different animal based farming systems. The relevant data was collected from both primary (2001-02) and secondary sources (1990-91 to 2001-02) and were analyzed using tabular, functional and linear programming techniques. The results show that there was a decline in the area under non-agricultural uses, cultivable waste, current fallow and other fallow land, in the case of Zone-I and in the area under non-agricultural uses, cultivable waste and net area sown in Zone-ll, there was a positive growth in barren and uncultivable land, current fallow and other fallow lands Zone-Ill. The share of area under cereals increased in the case of Zone-ll and Zone-Ill, while it showed declining trend in Zone-I. Sugarcane during kharif and bengalgram during rabi were found to be most profitable crops in Zone-I, while in Zone-ll, chilli {kharif) and bengalgram {rabi) were most remunerative. Similarly onion [kharif) and maize {rabi) turned out to be most profitable crops in Zone-Ill. Across the selected zones, milk production increased with the farm size and ranged from 4.5-5.0 litre/day/animal. In milk production, green fodder, concentrates and labour were significantly contributing factors in all the three zones, while dry fodder coefficient was significant in Zone-I and Zone-Ill. Seed coefficient was highly significant for ail the crops and systems in Zone-I and Zone-Ill barring groundnut, while labour was the important input conditioning the crop production in Zone-ll. Sustainability Value Index was higher in all the categories of farms in all the zones of Farming System-I (FS-I) compared to Farming System-ll (FS-II). In Zone-I, there was marginal decline in the net returns from farming in Model-ll compared to existing plan (Rs.66,121). However, there was slight increase in net income in Model-1 (Rs.96,321). As a result, per cent change in net returns over existing plan was marginal in Model-I (44.93%) and Model-ll (42.34%). Across all the farm size categories, the net income was the highest in FS-1 compared to FS-ll, since FS-1 contains dairy activity. In Zone-ll, the net returns were the highest in FS-I (Rs. 10055) compared to FS-II (Rs.8218) on small farms. Similarly, on medium farms, it was Rs.28129 and Rs.20704 in FS-1 and FS-ll respectively. Contrarily, the trend was reverse for large farms. In Zone-Ill, the net fami income realized on small fanns in FS-I was nearly twice (Rs.12,850) that of FS-ll (Rs.5,662). While such a difference of income was marginal on medium fanns. Again income realized on large farms in FS-1 was more (Rs.85,154) as compared to Rs.64,617 in FS-ll."