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University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad

The University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad was established on October 1, 1986. The University has 5 Colleges, 27 Research Stations, 6 Agriculture Extension Education Centers, 6 Krishi Vigyan Kendras and ATIC. The University has its jurisdiction over 7 districts namely Bagalkot, Belgaum, Bijapur, Dharwad, Gadag, Haveri, and Uttar Kannada in northern Karnataka. Greater diversity exists in soil types, climate, topography cropping and farming situations. The jurisdiction includes dry-farming to heavy rainfall and irrigated area. Important crops of the region include sorghum, cotton, rice, pulses, chilli, sugarcane, groundnut, sunflower, wheat, safflower etc. The region is also known for many horticultural crops. Considerable progress has been registered in the field of education, research and extension from this University.

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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 129
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    IDENTIFICATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF MOISTURE STRESS TOLERANT LINES THROUGH POLLEN SELECTION IN SORGHUM (Sorghum bicolor L.)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 2001) PATIL, BASAVANAGOUDA S; SALIMATH, P M
    ABSTRACT NOT AVAILABLE
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STABILITY, COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS STUDIES IN MALE STERILE BASED THREE WAY TETRAPLOID COTTON HYBRIDS
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 2001) SODDI, RAVEENDRA R; KHADI, B M
    ABSTRACT NOT AVAILABLE
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    VARIABILITY, GENETIC AND BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON RESISTANCETO SHOOT FLY IN Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 2000) KAMATAR, M Y; SWAMY RAO, T
    "The investigation included three experiments viz.. (i) the screening of 650 germplasm lines for resistance to shoot fly during two rabi seasons, (ii) genetics of resistance and associated traits during both kharif and rabi seasons, (iii) genetics of biochemical resistance. Near immunity to high susceptibility was observed in the germplasm indicating polygenic inheritance of resistance. Resistance was relatively stable over seasons depending on shoot fly density. Indian landraces possessed stable field resistance. Antixenosis played a major role, though antibiosis was also present in some genotypes. Resistance was governed by both additive and non-additive gene actions. Susceptibility was overdominant in the hybrids during both kharif WA rahi seasons. Both additive and non-additive gene actions were evident for seedling height, plant height, glossiness, trichome density, leaf surface wetness, leaf colour, leaf width and leaf droopiness, whereas seedling vigour, grain yield, total chlorophyll, protein, epicuticular wax, tannin and phenols were governed by non-additive gene action, while additive gene action was evident for total sugars. None of the hybrids exhibited heterosis for resistance, whereas considerable heterosis was observed for characters associated with resistance. All the resistance traits were positively associated with each other while they were inversely related with susceptibility. Much contribution to dead heart percentage comes from percent oviposition and least from egg count. An ideal plant type for resistance must have high seedling vigour; narrow, erect, pale green, glossy leaves; high seedling and plant height; high trichome density on leaves; less leaf surface wetness; high tannin, low total sugars, protein and chlorophyll content in leaves. SPSFR 94022A. SPSFR 94031 A. IS 2291, IS 5480. IS 2312. IS 923. IS 2122 and IS 2314 were good general combiners for resistance which also exhibited desirable GCA effects for resistance associated traits. Procedures like multiple crossing and recurrent selection are suggested for genetic enhancement of resistance".
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC AND PHYSIO-BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF POD SHATTERING AND PRODUCTIVITY RELATED TRAITS IN SOYBEAN (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 2000) Agrawal, Ajay Prakash; Path, S A
    "A collection of 196 germplasm line was evaluated in three seasons for pod shattering as well as productivity. Observations were made on plant growth, pod characters related to shattering and yield attributes. Plant growth and pod characters showed low to moderate genotypic coefficient of variation except pod weight, seed to pod shell ratio, pod shattering and yield attributing traits. Habitability and genetic advance was high for all the traits except days to maturity, seeds per pod, pod length and pod width. Characters contributing towards pod shattering resistance were pod weight, pod length and pod thickness. Following Mahalanobis analysis, shattering resistant genotypes identified were grouped in five clusters, of which EC-14396, CGP-268 and GP-2340-A were also promising for seed yield. A diallel set of crosses was made using five genotypes representing the variation in pod shattering. Yield attributing traits were under the control of both additive and non-additive gene action. Plant growth and pod characters along with pod shattering were governed by additive gene action except for degree of indeterminate growth habit, seeds per pod, pod width and pod shell thickness. Pod shattering susceptibility was partially dominant over resistance and the data indicated the possibility of developing shattering resistant genotypes by crossing resistant parents. Physiological parameters related to pod development indicated that growth rate and dry matter accumulation in pod and seed were negatively correlated with pod shattering. However, pod shell growth rate was positively correlated with pod shattering. Assay of four cell wall degrading enzymes in shattering and nonshattering zones of resistant and susceptible varieties indicated that cellulase play an important role in pod shattering process. The action of polygalactouranase was opposite to cellulase, but did not exhibit clear involvement. Peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase did not show any trend in either the pod shattering resistant or susceptible genotypes. The study was able to identify Bragg x JS-335 as potential combination worth handling for developing pod shattering resislant as well as high yielding genotypes."
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC INVESTIGATIONS, CHARACTERISATION AND FIBRE COLOUR DEVELOPMENT STUDIES IN NATURALLY COLOURED COTTONS (Gossypium spp.)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 1999) SHIRSAT, SIDHARTHKUMAR; KHADI, B M
    Significant genetic variation, moderate to heigh heritability and genetic advance were observed in 22 genotypes and 10 hybrids. Some of the brown linted G. birsutum and G. arboreum genotypes were high performing and could be used directly for commercial cultivation whereas green linted genotypes were poor in performance. No colour cotton genotype was having long, extra long staple length and all genotypes were very poor in fibre strength. The per se performance of colour cotton hybrids was better than their colour linted parents. Some of the colour cotton hybrids were on par with DHH-11 and NHH-44. Similar trend was observed for heterosis. When only colour and white classes were considered it was observed that fibre colour was incompletely dominant and governed by single gene in G. hirsutum and by two-gene interaction (dominant epistasis) in G. arboreum and colour class could be divided into six overlapping classes indicating presence of continuous variation. In colour cotton genotypes significant positive association of seed cotton yield (SCY) and lint yield (LY) was observed with all growth parameters, except for seed index (SI) and boll weight (BW). In hybrids, indirect relation between SCY, LY, LI, GOT and BW and SI made correlations very complex. The fibre fineness was most important fibre quality parameter as it had significant negative relation witli all otlier characters. Its importance was confirmed by path analysis of fibre length. In colour cotton genotypes BW, SI, GOT, LI and in hybrids BW, number of bolls (NB) and GOT were important contributors to seed cotton yield. Lint yield path analysis indicated the importance of SCY, LI, SI in colour cotton genotypes and SCY, LI and BW in hybrids. Path analysis for fibre quality index (FQl) indicated that fibre length, fibre fineness and fibre strength were most important and for counts strength product (CSP) FQl was found most important. Six generation analysis revealed that gene effects like dominance and interaction (DS-28 X DGH-95, DS-28 X DBH95), additive, dominance and additive X dominance (DBH95 X DGH95), additive and interaction (Abadhita X DGH95), additive and dominance X dominance (DBA95 X A-82-1-1) were predominant. The EMS treatments of 0.2 and 0.3 percent were best for G. arboreum and G. hirsutum respectively as they could yield high number of desirable mutants and high variation for yield fibre quality and fibre colour shades. The number of days required for development of colour in fibre varies with genotypes and species. It was 33-37 days after pollination (DAP) in G. hirsutum green, 35-38 DAP in G. hirsutum brown cotton, and 48-51 DAP in G. arboreum brown cotton. It was possible to characterize electrophoretically G. arboreum colour cotton from white ones as it had only one band as compared to three bands in white listed genotypes. In case of G. hirsutum colour and white linted genotypes, characterization was difficult as both had two bands nearly at same Rm distance. The actual pigments responsible for fibre colour in G. hirsutum and G. arboreum were different but pigments belonged to general class of flavonoids.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC ANALYSIS AND MOLECULAR MAPPING OF COMPONENTS OF RESISTANCE TO SHOOT FLY (Atherigona soccata Rond.) IN SORGHUM [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 2002) SAJJANAR, G M; NAYAKAR, N Y
    ABSTRACT NOT AVAILABLE
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Inheritance and Identification of Molecular Markers Linked to Tomato Leaf Curl Virus Resistance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.)
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2015-07) Choudki, Vithoba M.; Sridevi, O.
    Tomato is an important vegetable crop grown in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Among all diseases, Tomato Leaf Curl Virus (ToLCV) is of major concern. The present investigation was carried to understand the genetics of ToLCV resistance using segregating populations of Pusa Ruby × CLN2768A and Pusa Ruby × CLN2777H and to identify molecular markers linked to ToLCV disease resistance. The study revealed that the resistance was governed by two dominant genes with 9 : 7 ratio in both the crosses. To tag the marker linked to ToLCV resistance, a total of 66 SSR markers were employed. Among the 4 polymorphic markers obtained upon parental polymorphism screening, one marker TG0302 was found putatively linked to ToLCV resistance through bulk segregant analysis. Further single marker analysis revealed the phenotypic variance of the marker to the extent 28.1 and 26.71 per cent in the crosses Pusa Ruby × CLN2768A and Pusa Ruby × CLN2777H respectively. The generation mean analysis indicated duplicate gene action for plant height, number of primary branches, number of fruits per plant and fruit shape index in both the crosses. The presence of significant dominance x dominance type gene action for most of the traits studied, indicate the scope for hybridization to exploit heterosis. Ten superior lines were identified from both the crosses for yield and contributing traits. Less number of whiteflies settled on CLN2768A and CLN2777H and resistant genotypes of F2, B1 and B2 of both the crosses. Higher glandular trichome density on leaf lamina and midvein was recorded in resistant cultivars than that of susceptible ones. Anatomical characters of leaf indicated that resistant genotypes had higher palisade length, palisade number; cortex cell density and sucking distance than susceptible cultivars.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Association Mapping for Seed Cotton Yield, Yield Components and Fiber Quality Traits in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2015-08) Handi, Suresh; Katageri, I.S.
    Genetic diversity in 320 cotton lines was studied by evaluating in five trail seasons. Based on D2 analysis, these lines were grouped into eighteen clusters. EC296596 (2263 Kg/ha), 128333-Acala-44 (2258 Kg/ha) and 543416A03N132 (2250 Kg/ha) recorded significantly higher seed cotton yield than superior check, ARBH 813 (1894 Kg/ha). Five germplasm lines with higher fiber length, FQT-21 (31.8 mm), IC356874 (30.9 mm), ADB-39 (30.9 mm), CPD-437 (30.0 mm) and EC559012 (30.0 mm) with higher fiber strength (23.2-24.7 g/tex) and on par with ARBH 813 for seed cotton yield (1555-1966 Kg/ha), would be valuable genetic resource for yield and fiber quality. Among 320 germplasm lines, diverse 201 were genotyped with 63K infinium SNP bead chip. 23,254 informative markers were retained after 0.05MAF and further used in genetic diversity, population structure, kinship, linkage disequilibrium and association mapping analysis. The program fastSTRUCTURE divided germplasm lines into 12 subgroups. The 58 lines did not share any relationships with other lines, indicating them as highly diverse and potential sources of diverse alleles in further crop improvement programs. The critical value of R2 was set to 0.243 as a threshold to claim LD between two loci. Approximately 3.13% marker pairs in LD recorded significantly high LD (R2=1) and approximately 8.19% of marker pairs were in the range of 0.3- 0.99 R2. Mixed linear model has identified 349 significant marker trait associations for yield, yield components and fiber quality traits effectively controlling false positives reported in General linear model (642 markers) which suggests the greater strength of the MLM in detecting true associations. A total of 68 markers explained more than 10% of phenotypic variation for various yields, yield component traits and fiber quality traits and the phenotypic variation explained by 281 markers was in range of 5–10%, to indicate the presence of more minor alleles responsible for inheritance of polygenic trait.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON GENETIC DIVERGENCE IN TAMARIND (Tamarindus indica L.) ACROSS PROVENANCES OF SOUTHERN KARNATAKA
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 1993) Ganga Prasad, S; Kulkarni, R S
    ABSTRACT NOT AVAILABLE