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University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad
The University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad was established on October 1, 1986.
The University has 5 Colleges, 27 Research Stations, 6 Agriculture Extension Education Centers, 6 Krishi Vigyan Kendras and ATIC. The University has its jurisdiction over 7 districts namely Bagalkot, Belgaum, Bijapur, Dharwad, Gadag, Haveri, and Uttar Kannada in northern Karnataka. Greater diversity exists in soil types, climate, topography cropping and farming situations. The jurisdiction includes dry-farming to heavy rainfall and irrigated area. Important crops of the region include sorghum, cotton, rice, pulses, chilli, sugarcane, groundnut, sunflower, wheat, safflower etc. The region is also known for many horticultural crops.
Considerable progress has been registered in the field of education, research and extension from this University.
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ThesisItem Open Access Production and value addition in naturally coloured cotton under contract farming - An economic analysis(University of Agricultural Sciences ;Dharwad, 2006) Dodmani, M.T; Kunnal, L.BThesisItem Open Access Production and marketing of under-utilized millets in Karnataka - an economic analysis(University of Agricultural Sciences ;Dharwad, 2007) Naik, Annesh D; Kunnal, L.BThesisItem Open Access Economics of production and value addition to wine grapes in Bijapur district of Karnataka(UAS, Dharwad, 2009) B.S.Naveen; L.B.KunnalThe area under wine grapes in Bijapur district is increasing over the years. Since there is no proper farm business data on its cost of production, the study on economics of production and value addition to wine grapes was conducted in Bijapur district of Karnataka. Primary data was collected from 60 wine grape growers spread over in the district. In addition, to study the value addition in wine grapes a case study approach was followed by selecting winery existing in Bijapur town. For analysis of data tabular presentation method and financial analysis were adopted. The per hectare total cost of establishment was Rs. 3,94,377.44. The total maintenance cost during bearing period was Rs. 1, 86,043.25. The average yield of wine grape orchard was 14.00 tonnes per hectare per year and average returns were Rs. 5,29,787. Financial feasibility analysis showed that, NPV for wine grape orchards was Rs. 16,59,443.32 per hectare at 9.5 per cent discount rate. The BC ratio at 9.5 per cent discount rate was 2.2, the payback period was about 3.20 years and the IRR was found to be 44.77 per cent. The investment in wine grape orchard was found to be financially feasible. The total cost of establishment of winery was Rs. 641.89 lakhs. Winery produces 400500 litres of wine every year and average maintenance cost was Rs.1174.86 lakhs and average annual returns were Rs. 2295.90 lakhs. In the winery NPV was 6286.27 lakhs, the BCR was 2.5, PBP was 1.4 years and the IRR was 96.00 per cent, thus indicating the feasibility of investment in winery. Opinion survey was conducted to know the problems in the production of wine grapes and wine. High initial investment cost and high cost of labour were the major problems in production of wine grapes. Similarly, marketing of wine and high excise duties were the major problems in winery.ThesisItem Open Access Production and marketing of pomogranate in Chitradurg district of Karnataka: an economic analysis(UAS, Dharwad, 2009) K.T.Ravikumar; S.B.HosamaniThe focus of the present study was on Production and Marketing of Pomegranate in Chitradurga District of Karnataka: An Economic Analysis. A sample size of 120 farmers was selected using proportionate random sampling method. Field level data were elicited for the agriculture year 2007-08 through personal interview method. For analyzing the data collected during the study, tabular analysis, financial analysis and functional analysis were employed. The cost of establishment per ha was found to be Rs. 1,90,888.41 and Rs 1,89,644.33 of which material cost constituted 56.87 and 58.15 per cent and maintenance cost 43.13 and 41.85 per cent in Challakere and Hiriyur taluks respectively. The average per ha yield in Challakere taluk and Hiriyur taluk were 4.68 tonnes and 4.60 tonnes respectively. The net returns obtained in Challakere and Hiriyur taluks were Rs. 1, 40,588.18 and Rs.1, 37,352.27 respectively. The net present value of investment for the orchards in Challakere and Hiriyur taluk were Rs. 4,75,538.23 per ha and Rs.4,45,869.80 respectively at 9.5 per cent discount rate for pomegranate enterprise. The cost of marketing incurred by the growers who actually sold at the market for a quintal of fruits amounted to Rs. 467.99 and Rs. 465.47 respectively for Challakere and Hiriyur taluks. The ratio of marginal value product and marginal factor cost was positive and more than unity for the resource fertilizer and manures for both taluks. Almost all the farmers indicated risk involved in marketing of the produce as the main reason for not taking up the marketing of fruits on their own. Non-availability of labour during peak season, non-availability of credit, water scarcity, fluctuation in market price, high commission charges, lack of transportation facilities and lack of availability of market information were the major problem faced by the pomegranate growers in production and marketing of pomegranate.ThesisItem Open Access Economic consequences of pesticides use in paddy in Koppal district, Karnataka(UAS, Dharwad, 2009) Udaykumar V.Hosamani; H.BasavarajaThe excesses use of the pesticides in the agriculture has not only increased production costs but also led to ill effects of pesticide use. The present study attempted to analyse economic consequences of pesticides use in paddy in Koppal district of Karnataka. The study was based on the primary data obtained from 120 randomly selected farmers growing paddy spread across two taluks of Koppal district. Multiple log linear regression was used to compute the plant protection chemicals expenditure elasticity. The total cost of cultivation of paddy was found to be Rs 65591.53/ha of which the cost of pesticide accounted for 5.50 per cent. On an average the expenditure on pesticides in paddy cultivation was Rs. 3607.57/ha. The yield obtained by the sample farmers was 66.90 quintals. The farmers realized net returns of Rs. 17145.14/ha of paddy cultivation. The elasticity coefficient of labour and manures and fertilizers were negative and significant indicating that increase in the use of labour, fertilizers and manures would lead to decrease in gross income. The resources such as seeds and pesticides have contributed positively to the gross income thus, indicated that there is scope for re-organization of the inputs for profit maximization. About 50% of the farmers applied pesticides five times for paddy during its production cycle. The number of pesticide application went up to even seven times. The optimum quantity of pesticide was estimated to be 0.97 l/ha, where as the farmers were found to be use (1.95 liter/ha) almost double the optimum quantity. Number of pesticide applications and area under paddy were contributing positively and significantly to the expenditure on plant protection chemicals. The farmers should be educated to identify the threshold level of pest infestation and take measures only after that instead of blindly following the neighboring farmers while applying plant protection chemicals.ThesisItem Open Access An Economic Analysis of production and marketing of Rapeseed-Mustard in selected Districts of Rajasthan(UAS, Dharwad, 2009) Dinesh Chand Meena; S.B.HosamaniRapeseed-mustard plays a pivotal role in the agricultural and industrial economy of Rajasthan state. The study on production and marketing of rapeseed-mustard was conducted in Alwar and Sri Ganganagar districts of Rajasthan state during 2007-08. Primary data were collected from 120 rapeseed-mustard growers spread over in the two districts. Secondary data were extensively used from sources like, District Statistical Offices and Directorate of Agriculture, Jaipur. For analysis of data tabular presentation, Compound growth rate, TSCI technique and Correlation analysis were adopted. Growth rate analysis for area, production and productivity has shown significant increase over a period of time for Alwar district, Sri Ganganagar district, Rajasthan state as a whole and India. Total cost of rapeseed-mustard cultivation were Rs. 21,370.87 per ha and Rs. 18,318.67 per ha and benefit-cost ratios were 1.67 and 1.91 in Alwar and Sri Ganganagar districts respectively, indicating the profitability of rapeseed-mustard crop. Four marketing channels were found in both the districts for disposing the produce, where in the share of producer in the consumer’s rupee was higher when they sold their produce directly to processor. The indices of prices were not fluctuating as much as indices of arrivals. Slightly lower indices of price were noticed during heavy arrival months and viceversa. The rapeseed-mustard markets in Rajasthan were well integrated with one another due to availability of good communication facilities and associated transportation infrastructure like rail and road. Lack of technical guidance and non-availability of fertilizer on time were the major problems in production and price information and fluctuations and delayed payments were the major problems in marketing of rapeseed-mustard faced by the farmersThesisItem Open Access Economics of production and value addition to soybean in Madhya Pradesh(UAS, Dharwad, 2009) Ankita.Jaiswal; L.B.HugarSoybean is known as the “golden bean”, “miracle crop” etc., because of its several uses. The present utilization pattern of soybean in India indicated that 85 per cent used for oil extraction, 10 per cent for seed and only 5 per cent for food and feed. Therefore, processing is an important function of soybean. In recent years jowar and maize in rainfed areas have been competing with soybean in Madhya Pradesh. In the present study effort is made to study profitability of soybean vis-à-vis its competing crops in addition to value addition. The study indicated that net returns in soybean over jowar (868.72%) and maize (121.67%) were significantly higher. Similarly, benefit cost ratio over Cost C was higher in case of soybean (1.29) than that of maize (1.16) and jowar (1.05) which clearly indicated that soybean cultivation was more profitable than any of competing crops. For every rupee investment in soymilk and tofu processing, Rs. 1.42 was obtained as returns, indicating its profitability. Benefit cost ratio was more than unity (1.18) showing profitability of converting soybean into soyflour. In this regard, there is need to understand the profitability of soybean as whole pulse as well as processed soy products. Therefore, in the present study, an attempt is made to find out the economics of soybean production and its value addition in Madhya Pradesh state. An assessment of profitability of processing of soybean into different value added products clearly indicated that the processing units involved in processing soymilk and tofu together were more profitable than those involved in processing of soybean into soyflour only. Since the value addition is profitable over raw soybean, farmers may be motivated to take up value addition to soybean. Further, small scale entrepreneurs may be encouraged to establish the above enterprises for widening the soybean industry.ThesisItem Open Access Economics of pesticide use in cabbage production in Belgaum district of Karnataka(UAS, Dharwad, 2009) Nagendra; Jayashree A.HandigolIndia is the second largest producer of vegetables in the world (ranks next to china) Cabbage is an important vegetable in the vegetarian diet and it is extensively cultivated in India. The present study was conducted in Belgaum district of Karnataka as it having maximum area under cabbage cultivation with the objective to study economic consequences of pesticide use in cabbage production. The relevant data collected from primary source through personal interview method using pre-tested schedules for the agricultural year 2007-08 were analysed by following tabular, Cobb-Douglas production function and log linear regression model techniques. The study revealed that the total cost of cultivation of cabbage per ha was Rs.50762.67 and the gross returns of Rs.122646.0 with the net returns of Rs.71883.33 and the rate of return obtained from pesticides use by farmers was Rs.14.05. The different operational costs were labour cost (38.02 %), seed (13.30%), manures and fertilizers (13.13%) and PPCs (10.86%). The production function estimate shows that seeds and manures and fertilizers exert significant influence on the variation in gross income, whereas PPCs was found to depress the gross income. The optimum quantity of pesticide required for cabbage was estimated to be 0.495 a.i. lit/kg per ha as against actual quantity used (0.563 a.i. lit/kg per ha). Organophosphates, pyrethroids, organochlorines and fungicides were major groups of pesticides used. The sources of information about pesticides for farmers were pesticide dealers, their own experience, neighbours and the extension activities. The farmers suffered different health hazards due to exposure to pesticide. The majority of consumers were aware of pesticide use and harmfull effects of pesticide residues in cabbage on human health. The positive willingness to pay (WTP) more price than prevailing prices of market for pesticide free cabbage had seen among consumers. The study suggested that farmers need to be educated and advised about the proper and balanced use of resources particularly PPCs and encouraged to adopt integrated pest management (IPM) practices and organic farming. The education and training programmes are organized to convey the safe and proper use of agro-chemical products and food borne risks particularly from pesticides residues.ThesisItem Open Access Imapact of IPM technology on cotton and paddy production in Haveri district-an economic analysis(UAS, Dharwad, 2009) H.P.Mohan; S.M.MundinamaniThe present study analysed the impact of IPM technology on cotton and paddy production in Haveri district of North Karnataka. A sample of 60 farmers comprised of 30 IPM and 30 non-IPM were selected randomly for collection of primary data required for the study during the year 2007-08. The data was subjected to tabular, production function and decomposition analysis. The per hectare cost of cultivation incurred by IPM farmers in cotton and paddy was Rs. 38,300 and Rs. 33,007 respectively as compared to their non-IPM counterparts in cotton (Rs. 35,948) and paddy production (Rs. 32,652). The additional cost incurred on IPM module component in cotton and paddy was Rs. 4163 and Rs. 2788. The cotton production function analysis revealed that seeds, human labour and IPM component variables in case of IPM farmers, chemical fertilizer and plant protection chemicals in case of non-IPM farmers were found to have significant influence on gross returns. In paddy production under IPM category, organic manure, human labour and IPM components, whereas under non-IPM category, bullock labour and machine labour showed their significant influence on gross returns. The decomposition analysis revealed that total difference in output between IPM and non-IPM farmers was 26.47 and 17.59 per cent, whereas the IPM technology component alone contributed to the extent of 29.86 and 28.32 per cent in cotton and paddy production respectively. The major constraint in adoption of IPM technology by the non-IPM farmers in production of both crops was mainly due to low adoption of the IPM technology by the neighborhood farmers. Based on the findings of the study, it could be suggested that the extension activity should be intensified to create awareness among the farmers for higher adoption of IPM technology for sustainable production of cotton and paddy in the study area