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Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour

Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour established on 5th August, 2010 is a basic and strategic institution supporting more than 500 researchers and educationist towards imparting education at graduate and post graduate level, conducting basic, strategic, applied and adaptive research activities, ensuring effective transfer of technologies and capacity building of farmers and extension personnel. The university has 6 colleges (5 Agriculture and 1 Horticulture) and 12 research stations spread in 3 agro-ecological zones of Bihar. The University also has 21 KVKS established in 20 of the 25 districts falling under the jurisdiction of the University. The degree programmes of the university and its colleges have been accredited by ICAR in 2015-16. The university is also an ISO 9000:2008 certified organisation with International standard operating protocols for maintaining highest standards in teaching, research, extension and training.VisionThe Bihar Agricultural University was established with the objective of improving quality of life of people of state especially famers constituting more than two third of the population. Having set ultimate goal of benefitting society at large, the university intends to achieve it by imparting word-class need based agricultural education, research, extension and public service.

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Author: Kumari, Shweta × End date: 2017 × Start date: 2017 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Selection of parents for yield improvement in Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) under irrigated condition
    (Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, BAU, Sabour, 2017-08) Kumari, Shweta; Nirala, R.B.P.
    Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) commonly known as flax having 2n = 30 chromosomes is a self pollinated crop that belongs to the family Linaceae. It is cultivated mainly for its seed oil and its high quality stem fibre. Linseed oil is the richest source of omega-3 fatty acids which has been functionally associated with numerous positive health claims in human and animal. Inspite of all these nutritional value, Linseed is always neglected due to its poor yield and non-availability of improved cultivars which is one of the limiting factors of its popularity. Therefore , a study was undertaken for evaluation of the 31 linseed genotypes collected from AICRP, linseed, Sabour and PC Unit, linseed Kanpur, including two checks, T-397 and Shekhar. The genotypes were grown in randomized complete block design with three replications during Rabi 2015-16 at Bihar Agricultural college farm, BAU, Sabour, Bhagalpur to select parents for yield improvement in linseed. The analysis of variances for design of experiment revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the 20 characters studied. The characters namely, number of primary branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, bud fly infestation, 1000-seed weight, biological yield per plant, seed yield per plant, harvest index, stearic acid and linoleic acid exhibited high GCV, PCV and high heritability coupled with high genetic advance. Correlation studies showed a significant and positive correlation between seed yield per plant and number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, 1000-seed weight, seed length and biological yield per plant while bud fly infestation was significant and negatively correlated with seed yield per plant. A non significant correlation between oil and fatty acids were found in biochemical study. While, a significant and positive correlation between palmitic acid and stearic acid and negative correlation between stearic and linoleic acid and between oleic acid and linolenic acid were found in present study. Path analysis indicated that bud fly infestation exhibited high and negative direct effect on seed yield per plant. While, number of seeds per capsule and 1000-seed weight showed moderate direct effects on seed yield per plant. Indirect effects of number seeds per capsule, seed length, 1000-seed weight and biological yield per plant on seed yield per plant via bud fly infestation were recorded moderate to high. On the other hand, all the fatty acid namely, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid showed high and negative direct effect on oil content except palmitic acid which showed positive and low direct effect. The indirect effect of individual fatty acid via other fatty acids on oil content was recorded moderate to very high. On the basis of D² analysis, 31 genotypes were grouped into 6 divergent clusters. Cluster I was the biggest with 12 genotypes followed by cluster II and cluster V. Inter cluster D2 value was the highest between cluster II and VI followed by V and VI. Molecular diversity analysis was also done with 20 SSR primers. Out of 20 primers, 15 primers were found polymorphic, 3 monomorphic and other two gave non scorable band. The PIC value of SSR primers ranged from 0.1-0.447 with an average of 0.245. However, the similarity coefficient ranged from 0.5 to 0.9. Among the 31 genotypes, the lowest similarity coefficient was observed between GS-202 and Neelum (0.50) followed by the pair EC-1424 and H-40 (0.51) indicating their distant relationship and the highest between Meera and EC-537911 (0.90) indicating presence of a common ancestry. Based on the D2 values, clusters mean and means of the genotypes, nineteen genotypes were selected and their possible cross combinations namely, EC-1424 with BRLS -101, BRLS-102, BRLS-103 for oil & oil quality and EC-1424 with Parvati, EC537911A and Neelum for seed yield and its attributing characters were identified to obtain better segregants in linseed breeding programme.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on pheno-physiology and pollination in commercial cultivars of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.)
    (Department of Horticulture (Fruit & Fruit Techology), BAU, Sabour, 2017-07) Kumari, Shweta; Rani, Ruby
    Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is an evergreen, subtropical fruit tree belonging to the family Sapindaceae. India is the second largest producer of litchi accounting for about one-fifth of the global production and has a good export potential. Of the total production of litchi in India, 40% is contributed by Bihar. It requires an exact climate for its optimum vegetative and reproductive phenological stages. In general litchi plants produce three flushes after fruit harvest till panicle emergence. The age of the vegetative flush, or the degree of dormancy, appears to have a strong influence on the subsequent shoot development of litchi. The carbon-to-nitrogen in plants has been considered as a factor affecting flowering. Evidence has revealed intricate and integrated nitrogen and carbon sensing and signaling network to control various developmental processes. Very little information is available on flowering habit and floral biology of litchi which are very important for varietal improvement. Therefore it is essential to know the exact stage of maturity of vegetative flush and physiology behind flower emergence and types of panicle in agro climate of Bihar. Little study has been done till date to understand the relationship between vegetative flushes and flowering. Thus effect of selfing and cross-pollination is the need of hour to know the cross/self incompatibility in litchi. Keeping these points in view present experiment entitled “Studies on pheno-physiology and pollination in commercial cultivars of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) was conducted during the year 2016-17 in horticulture garden, BAU, Sabour with 4 cultivars viz; Deshi, Purbi, Bedana and Kasba as treatments and one plant of each cultivar treating as one replication under RBD design. The date of flush emergence ranged from 18/07/2016 to 12/02/2017 in all 4 cultivars under study. Deshi was the earliest to initiate flush emergence. Bedana has the longest duration of flushing pattern. Deshi was the earliest to initiate panicle emergence followed by Purbi at Sabour condition. Length and width of panicle was recorded to be the longest in Purbi (41.8 cm) whereas the shortest (31.6 cm) in Bedana. Flushes emerged during mid-season had maximum percentage of shoots that flowered. Duration of flowering was observed to be the longest in Kasba (16.6 days) followed by Purbi which took 15.6 days. All four cultivars under study differed significantly with respect to sex-ratio. Poor self-compatibility has been found in these cultivars. C/N ratio was found to be significantly higher at flowering stage. Physiological parameters like photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, internal CO₂, chlorophyll, carotene and xanthophyll content were found to be higher at flowering stage than pre-flowering stage. The fruit growth started from seed development and later aril development had started after 17 days from the fruit set. T.S.S./ acid ratio was found to be the highest in cv. Beadana (67.64) followed by Purbi (64.66). This pheno-physiology and pollination study in these cultivars provide the basic knowledge of flushing pattern, flowering and fruiting behaviour and physiology behind the development process and will help farmers to manipulate the production technology for better yield and quality.