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Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour
Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour established on 5th August, 2010 is a basic and strategic institution supporting more than 500 researchers and educationist towards imparting education at graduate and post graduate level, conducting basic, strategic, applied and adaptive research activities, ensuring effective transfer of technologies and capacity building of farmers and extension personnel. The university has 6 colleges (5 Agriculture and 1 Horticulture) and 12 research stations spread in 3 agro-ecological zones of Bihar. The University also has 21 KVKS established in 20 of the 25 districts falling under the jurisdiction of the University. The degree programmes of the university and its colleges have been accredited by ICAR in 2015-16. The university is also an ISO 9000:2008 certified organisation with International standard operating protocols for maintaining highest standards in teaching, research, extension and training.VisionThe Bihar Agricultural University was established with the objective of improving quality of life of people of state especially famers constituting more than two third of the population. Having set ultimate goal of benefitting society at large, the university intends to achieve it by imparting word-class need based agricultural education, research, extension and public service.
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ThesisItem Open Access A Study on Rural Migration in Bihar(Department of Extension Education, BAU, Sabour, 2021-03) Dash, Pratyush Kumar; Tigga, A. S.Migration (Human migration) refers to the movement of a person or group of persons, either across an international border, or within a state. Migration stands as a strong indicator of population change along with fertility and mortality. This study focuses on understanding the very nature of migration among the rural population in the Bihar state of India. Purnia district was selected purposively for this research study as studies earlier have shown a high incidence of migration over the rural expanse therein. The data were collected using random and purposive sampling techniques. A total of 120 rural migrants were selected randomly from Baisi and Dagarua blocks (60 each) of Purnia district of Bihar. This study aims at examining the socio-economic profile of the rural migrants, identifying the factors responsible for migration and enquiring about the socio-economic implication of migration on the families of the migrants. Statistical tools used to analyse the data collected were frequency, per cent, weighted mean, standard deviation and ranking. Majority of the rural migrants were from the age group of 20-30 years, were married and were illiterate. Most of them practiced ‘Muslim’ religion and belonged to the Extremely Backward Classes (EBC). The rural migrants mostly maintained a family of 5-7 members living in kutcha houses and majority of them were found to be landless. Prior to migration, most of rural migrants used to earn in the range of ₹ 3766 - ₹ 7532 monthly whereas after migration, income increased and majority started earning monthly in the range of ₹ 7533 and above. Most of the migrants moved to Delhi for construction work up to a period of 6 months and returned back. The rural migrant workers were found to be doing casual and unskilled work for 8 hours daily in their workplaces at the host areas and were provided daily wages. Responsibility arising due to marriage emerged out to be the major social push factor while the economic and work environment push factors were low income and irregular employment opportunities respectively, which pushed the migrants away from their place of origin. On the other hand, major social, economic and work environment pull factors were fewer social barriers, better economic opportunities and regular work availability at the host areas. The socio-economic implications of migration on the families of the migrants were observed mainly on family income, followed by a positive impact on food quality, communication, children’s education, health of the family members, stress level of the family members, housing, clothing of the family members, social participation and knowledge or skills acquired by the family members. This study brings out the fact that there is a serious lack of employment in the rural areas which shoves the people out of their homes to move for work. Creation of employment opportunities in the rural areas by bending the path of rural people towards agricultural and allied sectors may kill their need to migrate outside their places of origin.ThesisItem Open Access Instructors’ Motivation, Instructional Quality and Perceived Challenges in Development of MOOCs(Department of Extension Education, BAU, Sabour, 2021-03) Anand, Rohini; Datt, RamA Massive Open Online course (MOOCs) is a free web based programme of learning that has unlimited participants. It has been designed for geographically dispersed students. It is a new concept started in 2008 which is now experiencing a wider acceptance. To find the purpose behind offering MOOCs by instructors can be a very new topic under which research can be carried out. The instructional quality and perceived challenges while designing and development of MOOCs can be very interesting topic. This study was conducted on topic “Instructors’ Motivation, Instructional Quality and Perceived Challenges in Development of MOOCs” with the specific objectives 1) To identify instructors’ motivation in development of MOOCs 2) To measure perceived instructional quality of MOOCs for effective teaching 3) To document perceived challenges in development of MOOCs. This study was conducted online through Google form. In India, there are mainly two platforms involved in conducting MOOCs programme namely SWAYAM and agMOOCs portal. The respondents were mainly selected from these two platforms for the study. The result showed that instructors were offering MOOCs because they find it enjoyable and interesting to do so. They were intrinsically motivated and were confident enough to perform this task in a more competent way. They believe in one’s ability to complete their task in a more successful way. The instructional quality is one of the most important function or components in MOOCs. The result of this study revealed that skill development, collective knowledge among the learners and the MOOCs associated with real world problem were most important instructional qualities to be focused on. Coming towards the result of our objective three, the main problem associated with MOOCs designing is content development which can fulfill the demand of learners, engaging learners to stay connected till the end. Other hurdles can be summarized as time limitation of developing MOOCs, technical issues, managing MOOCs platform, getting learner feedback and internet speed. In conclusion, this study recommended that instructors with high self- efficacy are involved in the MOOCs development as it requires a high commitment to tackle all the barriers involved in designing and development of MOOCs.ThesisItem Open Access Techno-economic Analysis of Lentil Production in Mokama Tal of Bihar State(Department of Extension Education, BAU, Sabour, 2017-08) Kumar, Randhir; Panda, Chandan KumarPulses are important sources of protein, high in fiber content and provide ample quantity of vitamins and minerals. Keeping in view large benefits of pulses for human health, the United Nations had proclaimed 2016 as the International Year of Pulses. Bihar is one of the important states in India for pulse production. Amongst the different pulses, lentil is one of the important pulse crops for Bihar. Demand of lentil in Bihar is also high. So, it becomes imperative to study technology and economic aspects of lentil cultivation/production to match the requirement of lentil in India in general and Bihar in particular. There are some socio-economic issues related researches in pulses cultivation in Bihar, however, there are very limited study specifically for lentil cultivation in aforesaid aspect. Mokama Tal area is famous in India for its pulses cultivation. Thus, keeping all this in mind, this research work was coined with the objectives of i)to study the socio-economic profile of selected lentil growers in Mokama Tal; ii)to study the technological gap in lentil production in study area; iii)to identify the factors responsible for changing trend of lentil cultivation area; iv)to estimate the costs and returns of lentil cultivation; and v) to assess the constraints in lentil cultivation. For the present study 120 respondents were selected randomly from Mokama Tal area. From the study it was noted that maximum number of respondents (60.00%) were middle age group, most of them were male and 45.83% respondents belonged to general category. Most of the famers lived in joint family. It was also noted 70.82 % respondents had more than 10 years of farming experiences and 37.50% of them were big farmers. Major sources of information to the farmers were radio, kisan salahkaar, progressive farmers, and kisan diary. Major knowledge gap was noted in case of fertilizer management, land preparation and weed management. It was also noted that area under lentil cultivation is gradually increasing because of good stand of lentil, better response to DAP fertilizers, good market chain and stealing of standing lentil crop is less as compare to other pulses. The most important perceived abioticconstraints in lentil cultivation were soil hardiness after seed sowing and soil cracking. Short sowing period, on availability of credits in time, lack of knowledge on seed treatment, fluctuating prices of lentil,increase in cost of seed, timely availability of labour were some other important constraints as perceived by respondents.ThesisItem Open Access Factors Affecting Development of Agrientrepreneurship in Bhagalpur District of Bihar(Department of Extension Education, BAU, Sabour, 2016-08) Kumar, Tarun; Singh, S. R.The present study entitled “Factors Affecting Development of Agri-entrepreneurship in Bhagalpur District of Bihar” focused on factors responsible for development of agri-entrepreneurship. For this study Bhagalpur District of Bihar state was purposively selected. The list of agri-entrepreneur from five agri-based enterprise like dairy, mushroom grower, poultry, nursery grower, beekeeping were collected from the different sources like wise Krishi vigyan Kendra, line departments of agriculture, agriculture college, The Bihar State Milk Co-Operative Federation Ltd, Agricultural Technology Management Agency, National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development. From this list of agri-entrepreneurs, twenty respondents were selected randomly from each agri-based enterprise; hence the sample size was 100. Analysis of demographic profile of respondents indicated that majority of the respondent were middle age group, general category, having intermediate level of education, more than four members in family size, marginal land holding, annual income up to 1 lacs, low level of self confidence, high level of innovativeness, medium level of achievement motivation and low level of institutional support. It was noted that maximum respondents have their own enterprises and most of them received training. It was also noted maximum entrepreneurial had less than five years of entrepreneurial experience. Respondents also have high level of planning orientation, production orientation and medium level of marketing orientation. It was noted that entrepreneurial decision making of the respondents was positively and significantly correlated with the independent variable training received, entrepreneurial experience, plannining orientation, technical and managerial constraints. Annual income of respondents was positively and significantly correlated with the variable entrepreneurial experience and land holding. Achievement motivation is the pivotal of any successful enterprise establishment and continuation and it was interesting to note that loan received is positively and significantly correlated with the dependent variable i.e., achievement motivation of the entrepreneurs. Establishment of large number of Agricultural entrepreneurships is a need of Bihar State. However, the rate of establishment and success is limited due to a large number of constraints. In order make an in-depth enquiry in to this issue, the present study was planned on the problem entitled, “Factors Affecting Development of Agri-entrepreneurship in Bhagalpur District of Bihar”. Major constraints faced by the nursery growers were lack of marketing facility, lack of skilled labour, lack of reasonable price to the product, lack of marketing knowledge and lack of training facility. The mushroom growers reported that lack of marketing facility; storage technique and facility, lack of quality spawn and non availability of skilled persons were the main constraints. The major constraints observed among the beekeepers were lack of marketing availability, obstacle at the time of migration of bee boxes from one place to another, lack of reasonable rate of honey, lack of insurance facility and lack of availability of the bee boxes. The poultry farmers reported that lack of marketing facility was the most important challenge for them. Lack of knowledge, lack of government support, lack of feed as reasonable price, lack of knowledge about important diseases were other constraints faced by the poultry growers. Major obstacles observed in dairy entrepreneurship were lack of knowledge for breed selection, lack of technical information, unreasonably low rate of milk given by the Dairy Cooperatives, high labour cost, no governmental support for financial assistance, no insurance facility provided by any agency, vaccination problem, unavailability of veterinary doctor for caring health of the animals and lack of bank loan. Further, the majority of the respondents had high level of planning orientation (81.0%), high level of production orientation (69.0%), but medium level of marketing orientation (45.0%). This study is possibly the first attempt to peep in to the challenges of agriculture based entrepreneurs of Bihar State and as such the findings of this study are likely to lead to several political, administrative and strategic implications in future.
