Thumbnail Image

Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour

Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour established on 5th August, 2010 is a basic and strategic institution supporting more than 500 researchers and educationist towards imparting education at graduate and post graduate level, conducting basic, strategic, applied and adaptive research activities, ensuring effective transfer of technologies and capacity building of farmers and extension personnel. The university has 6 colleges (5 Agriculture and 1 Horticulture) and 12 research stations spread in 3 agro-ecological zones of Bihar. The University also has 21 KVKS established in 20 of the 25 districts falling under the jurisdiction of the University. The degree programmes of the university and its colleges have been accredited by ICAR in 2015-16. The university is also an ISO 9000:2008 certified organisation with International standard operating protocols for maintaining highest standards in teaching, research, extension and training.VisionThe Bihar Agricultural University was established with the objective of improving quality of life of people of state especially famers constituting more than two third of the population. Having set ultimate goal of benefitting society at large, the university intends to achieve it by imparting word-class need based agricultural education, research, extension and public service.

Browse

20173
Reset filters
Subject: Entomology × End date: 2017 × Start date: 2017 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Distribution pattern and life table of stem borer Chilo partellus(Swinhoe) on maize
    (Department of Entomology, BAU, Sabour, 2017-07) Kumar, Devbrat; Kumari, Kiran
    Maize (Zea mays L.) is a cereal grain, called “queen of cereal”. It is the third important cereal crop in India after rice and wheat with a share of 10 percent in total cereal production, occupying an area of 9.60 million ha with production of 26.0 million tonnes in which Bihar is contributing an area 0.70 million ha and production 2.05 million tonnes.Maize has a loss of 20 percent in yield due to insect damage. It is damaged by a large number of insect pests at different stages of crop growth. Among the insect pests, maize stem borer (ChilopartellusSwinh.) is a key pest causing losses to grain yield, which ranged between 24.3 and 36.3 percent in different agro climatic regions of India (Bhanukiran and Panwar, 2000).Keeping all these in view, the present investigation was aimed to study on “Distribution pattern and life table of stem borer Chilopartellus (Swinhoe) on maize” with the objectives: i.Seasonal Incidence of Chilopartelluson maize,ii. Determination of distribution Pattern of C. Partelluson maize, and iii. Life table study of C. Partelluson maize. The study on seasonal incidence of stem borer, C. partellusand its relationship with abiotic factors during Kharif and Rabi season, 2016-17 revealed that the incidence of stem borer started (1.67 and 2.51 percent dead heart) in the second week of July at 15 days and last week of November at 21 days old crop age, respectively and reached to its peak ( 16.67 and 11.00 percent dead heart) in the last week of August and third week of February at 57 days and 110 days old crop age during the experimentation period, respectively. Afterwards, the incidence of maize stem borer had declined gradually. The correlation studies of dead heart infestation and abiotic factors during Kharif,2016 showed that the maximum temperature was positively non-significantly correlated and minimum temperature and sunshine hours were positively significantly correlated while rainfall and relative humidity were negatively non-significantly correlated with dead heart infestation.Correlation studies for Rabi season, 2016-17 showed that the maximum temperature was positively significantly correlated, minimum temperature and sunshine hours were found to be positively non-significantly correlated while relative humidity was negatively significantly correlated with the dead heart infestation. The egg distribution within plant showed more number of eggs(107±0.55) on first leaf sheath followed by second leaf sheath (75.33±1.72) and least number on basal leaf sheath (47.10±0.55). The total oviposition period was observed to be five days with average fecundity as 220±3.76 per female moth. The distribution pattern of larvae was found in scattered fashion from seedling to initial vegetative phase of the crop while at the age of 22 to 71 days its distribution pattern was found contagious in nature. Life table study revealed that 42 percent mortality of eggs due to unknown factors whereas, 19.54 percent failed to hatch, 37 percent larval mortality was due toparasitization and 16.07 percent died due to unknown factors. Percentage mortality of pupae was 11.76 due to diseases while 15.38 percent failed to emerge into moths. Thus due to effect of biotic and abiotic factors the total mortality (K value) of Chilopartelluswas 0.88.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Insect pest complex of linseed and management of Dasyneura lini Barnes
    (Department of Entomology, BAU, Sabour, 2017-07) Kunal, Gautam; Anil
    The investigations on insect pests of linseed and management of D. lini were conducted at Experimental Farm, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour during Rabi season of 2016-17. A total of nine insect pests (D. lini, Thrips palmi Karny, Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom), Agrotis ipsilon Hufnage, Helicoverpa armigera Hübner, Spilosoma obliqua Walker, Monolepta signata Olovier, unidentified aphids and wire worm) and four natural enemies (Coccinella septumpunctata L., Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius), Oxyopes sp. and Paederus sp. were found to be associated with linseed. The highest population of A. ipsilon (1.00 larva/m2) and thrips (26.60 nymphs & adults/plant) were observed during 52nd and 9th SMWs, respectively. However, the highest population of aphids (2.40 aphids/plant), Helicoverpa (1.00 larvae/m2), Oxyopes (1.00 spider/plant) and coccinellids (1.0 coccinellid/plant) were observed during 8th SMW. Similarly, the maximum fresh bud fly infestation (6.12%) was also recorded during the 8th SMW. Minimum temperature had positive correlation (P=0.01) with the population of A. ipsilon, H. armigera and cumulative bud fly infestation, whereas maximum temperature showed positive correlation (P=0.01) with cumulative bud fly infestation. Minimum relative humidity and population of A. ipsilon were found to be positively correlated (P=0.01), whereas maximum relative humidity had negative correlation (P=0.01) with H. armigera and cumulative bud fly infestation. Out of 101genotypes screened for resistance against the infestation of D. lini, 12 genotypes were categorized as resistant, 65 as moderately resistant, 17 as moderately susceptible, 05 as susceptible and 02 as highly susceptible. The field trial on different dates of sowing revealed that the infestation of D. lini increased and yield decreased in all five tested varieties in progressive manner with delay in date of sowing. The lowest mean bud fly infestation (13.39%) and highest mean yield (1385.30 kg ha-1) was obtained with the crop sown on 08.11.2016, whereas the highest mean bud fly infestation (37.46%) and lowest mean yield (177.75 kg ha-1) was obtained with crop sown on 08.01.2017. The application of insecticides showed significant reduction in bud fly infestation and increased yield over untreated check. The minimum bud fly infestation (8.25%) was recorded with the application of fenvalerate 20 EC being at par with imidacloprid 17.8 SL (8.57%) followed by spinosad 45 SC (9.87%) at 15 days after second spray. Among the insecticides/bio-pesticides, the maximum infestation (16.26%) was recorded with neem leaf extract followed by fipronil 5 SC (12.31%) and dimethoate 30 EC (10.87%). The maximum incremental yield (5.21 q ha-1) was obtained with fenvalerate followed by imidacloprid (4.54 q ha-1) and spinosad (3.29 q ha-1). However, the minimum incremental yield (0.39 q ha-1) was obtained with neem leaf extract followed by fipronil (2.05 q ha-1) and dimethoate (3.06 q ha-1). The maximum benefit-cost ratio (15.12:1) was obtained with fenvalerate followed by imidacloprid (11.47:1) and dimethoate (5.92:1). However, minimum benefit-cost ratio (0.30:1) was obtained with neem leaf extract followed by fipronil (1.42:1) and spinosad (1.86:1).
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Morphological identification of cucurbitaceous fruit flies in Bihar and genetic diversity of Bactrocera cucurbitae
    (Department of Entomology, BAU, Sabour, 2017-07) Singh, Maneesh Pal; Saha, Tamoghna
    Cucurbits are the major vegetable crops belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae, primarily comprising species consumed as food worldwide. The family consists of about 118 genera and 825 species (Prabhakar et al., 2012). In Bihar major growing cucurbits including bottle gourd, pointed gourd, bitter gourd and ash gourd. The production of cucurbits is hindered due to several factors like insect pests and diseases and out of those; fruit flies are one of the major limiting factor of cucurbits production occurring not only in Bihar but also in India. In India, fruit flies have been identified as one of the ten most serious problems of agriculture, because of their polyphagous nature and causes a huge economic loss to fruits and vegetables which varies from 2.50 -100 per cent depending upon the crop and season (Dhillon et al., 2005). There are approximately 4,500 species of fruit flies (Tephritidae) represented one of the largest families of Diptera and at around 243 species of fruit flies were recorded from India (Agarwal and Sueyoshi, 2005). Among those, Bactrocera cucurbitae, B. tau and Dacus ciliatus are the most diverse. Fruit flies are indeed the excellent candidates for studies on biodiversity, adaptability in changing climate and invasion to new areas because of their capability of flying long distances, polyphagous in nature, vast host range, homoplasmy in taxonomic characters, high reproductive potential, wide range of distribution due to their high adaptability and great economic importance as a pest. Proper insect pests’ management leads to better production in agroecosystem and a better management practice not supposed to be completed without proper identification of a particular pest. Therefore, the present investigation was conducted to study the morphological identification of predominant cucurbitaceous fruit flies and to find out the genetic diversity of Bactrocera cucurbitae through gene specific marker. After a roving survey at four different agroclimatic zones of Bihar, it was observed that a total of six major fruit fly species associated with cucurbitaceous crops viz. Bactrocera. (Zeugodacus) cucurbitae (Coquillett), B. (Z.) tau (Walker), B. (Z.) caudata (Fabricius), B. (Bactrocera) nigrofemoralis White & Tsuruta, B. (Hemigymnodacus) diversa (Coquillett) and Dacus (Didacus) ciliates Loew. Their distribution pattern in different agroclimatic zones with their associated hosts was also recorded. The collected fruit fly species were identified taxonomically according to keys provided by White and Elson-Harris, 1992 and Drew and Raghu, 2002. Significant achievements of our studies were i. Bactrocera (Bactrocera) nigrofemoralis White & Tsuruta will be the first report from Bihar as new fruit fly species and also identified new host of Dacus (Didacus) ciliatus Loew, Bactrocera (Hemigymnodacus) diversa (Coquillett) from pointed gourd and flowers of Cucurbita moschata respectively. On the basis of amplified PCR product of DNA of B. cucurbitae, the expected product length of MCOX-I gene was 700 bp and the product obtained was nearly between 700 to 750 bp. The expected product length of MCOX-II gene was 600 bp and the product obtained was nearly between 500 to 600 bp. It revealed that there were not much difference in the banding pattern but very small difference noticed in the bands and which would be helpful for future studies in molecular diversity analysis after getting complete sequencing.