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Anand Agricultural University, Anand
Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur
AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.
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ThesisItem Open Access METABOLIC PROFILE IN POST PARTUM INTER -SE-MATED CROSSBRED (J x K) COWS(AAU, Anand, 1996) Patel, Hita N.; Deshpande, Lalita V.Twelve post partum inter-se- mated crossbred (J x K) cows were divided into two groups primipara (n=7) and multipara (n=5) to map out the normal trend of circulating metabolic profiles, to effect of parity on these parameters and on occurance of first post partum oestrus, and the correlation of milk production with biochemical perameters. For blood profile, blood sampling was done by tapping the jugular vein every week from calving to day 63. Totally 120 samples were analysed for blood and blood serum characteristics. The biochemical characteristics studied for blood was blood glucose and for blood serum were cholesterol, creatinine, total protein, enzymes alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and acid phosphatase (ACP), calcium, inorganic phosphorus, calcium and inorganic phosphorus ratio and magnesium.ThesisItem Open Access COMPARISON OF EFFICACY OF GENTAMICIN TREATMENT IN CONJUNCTION WITH DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE LAVAGE AND NORMAL SALINE LAVAGE TREATMENT FOR E. COLI INDUCED ARTHRITIS IN COW CALVES(AAU, Anand, 1996) PARANDEKAR, ABHIJIT D.; Parsania, R. R.The experiment was undertaken in eighteen cow calves allotted to three equal groups (A, B and C) to study the clinicopathologic changes of E. coli induced infectious arthritis and to evaluate gentamicin treatment in conjunction with 10 per cent dimethyl sulfoxide (DHSO) lavage and normal saline lavage. In all the animals, arthritis of tibiotorsal joint was successfully induced by intra-articular administration of 5 ml of inoculum containing 4 x 10 organisms per ml. Group A served as control and no treatment was given. Animals of Group B were treated with through and through joint lavage with 500 ml 10 per cent DMSO in conjunction with 100 mg gentemicin intra-articularly and animals of Group C were treated with through and through joint lavage with 500 ml normal saline and 100 mg gentamicin intra-articularly at days 2, 4, and 6 after induction of arthritis. Intramuscular gentamicin @ 5 mg per kg body weight was given from day 2 to 6 after induction of arthritis in Groups B and C. Clinical symptoms like rectal temperature, heart and respiratory rates and joint circumference were recorded before (day 0) and on days 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 15 after induction of arthritis. Various synovial fluid parameters viz., TLC, TP and MPQ were analysed before (day 0) and on day 2, 4, 6, and 15 after induction of arthritis. Bacteriological examination of synovial fluid was carried out on day 2 after induction of arthritis. Gross and histopathological examination of joint capsule and articular cartilage was also carried out after euthanizing the animals on day 15 after induction of arthritis. Vital signs were increased on day 1 after induction of arthritis in all the three groups. Thereafter from day 2 onwards it started declining and there was no significant difference amongst the three groups. Joint circumference progressively and significantly increased from day 1 after induction of arthritis to day 4 in animals of Group A and thereafter started declining but remained significantly higher as compared with base value. Similar changes in joint circumference were observed in Groups B and C but the peak value was seen on day 3 after induction of arthritis and at the termination of the study the joint circumference of Group B did not differ significantly from base value. While in the animals of Group C joint circumference was significantly more than that of base value and slightly low as compared to that of Group A. Synovial fluid revealed marked changes in its cytological and biochemical properties after induction of arthritis. There was significant increase in TLC and TP, and significant reduction in MPQ score. The TLC and TP showed gradual decrease from day 4 onward as compared to day 2 after induction but remained higher than that of base value. The MPQ score gradually increased from day 4 after induction of arthritis as compared to that of day 2 in Group A. In Groups B and C also there were marked alterations in above mentioned parameters. But at the termination of the study the TLC and TP were lower in animals of Group B as compared to that of Groups A and C. While in the animals of Group C the values were slightly more than that of Group B and slightly lower than that of Group A. The MPQ score was significantly higher in animals of Group B as compared to Groups A and C. While in animals of Group C MPQ score was slightly low as compared to that of Group B but significantly higher than that of Group A. E. coli organisms were not isolated from synovial fluid samples collected at day 2 after induction of arthritis in all the three groups. The gross examination of open tarsal joint in animals of Group A revealed oedematous synovial membrane, deposition of yellow to brownish coloured fibrin clots in large amount and, in one case, induration of lateral aspect of joint capsule. While in animals of Groups B and C there were no gross lesions except very few amount of fibrin clot accumulated in acute corners of plantolateral and dorsomedial pouches. Gross examination of articular cartilage in animals of Group A revealed loss of glistening appearance of articular cartilage surface of tibiotarsal joint, pitting and erosion of articular cartilage with greater frequency on the articular surface of medial and lateral ridges of trochlea of tibial tarsal bone. The gross lesions of articular cartilage were absent in animals of Groupt B and C. Histopathological examination of joint capsule in animals of Group A revealed moderate intimal hyperplasia, mild to moderate degree of subintimal cellularity, mononuclear infiltration and at places neutrophilic infiltration, subintimal oedema and subcellular fibrin below the intimal layer. These changes were reduced in animals of Group C and markedly reduced in animals of Group B. Microscopic changes of articular cartilage in animals of Group A were characterised by erosion upto calcified zone in one case and showed granulation tissue on the surface and in the intermediate zone of articular cartilage. The microscopic changes of articular cartilage were absent in animals of Groups B and C. Evaluation of various clinical synovial fluid and histopathological parameters clearly indicated the beneficial effect of through and through Joint lavage with 10 per cent DMSO in conjunction with intra-articular gentamicin treatment over through and through joint lavage with normal saline in conjunction with intra-articular gentamicin treatment E. coli induced infectious arthritis of cow calves.ThesisItem Open Access BREED CHARACTERISTICS AND MANAGEMENTAL PRACTICES FOR KACHCHHI CAMEL(AAU, Anand, 1996) Patel, M K; Patel, K SThe present investigation was carried out to study the important breed characteristics of Kachchhi camels and traditional managemental practices followed by the camel breeders in Kachchh district of Gujarat State. In all 326 Kachchhi camels of different age groups were covered to study physical characteristics and biometry. Status of performance and traditional managemental practices for the Kachchhi camels was surveyed through personal interviews of 74 traditional breeders in three talukas of Kachchh district. The Kachchhi camels are light to medium in size when darkbrown, brown or reddish brown coat colour. These camels have small erect ears with tips turning in. They have small well set muzzles and lips.ThesisItem Open Access BREED CHARACTERISTICS AND MANAGEMENTAL PRACTICES FOR KACHCHHI CAMEL(1996) Patel, M k; Patel, K SThe present investigation was carried out to study the important breed characteristics of Kachchhi camels and traditional managemental practices followed by the camel breeders in Kachchh district of Gujarat State. In all 326 Kachchhi camels of different age groups were covered to study physical characteristics and biometry. Status of performance and traditional managemental practices for the Kachchhi camels was surveyed through personal interviews of 74 traditional breeders in three talukas of Kachchh district. The Kachchhi canels are light to neciun m 5iz? «itn darkbrown, brown or reddish brown coat colour. These camels have small erect ears with tips turning in. They have small well set muzzles and lips. On an average body length, height at withers and heart girth measured 61.17 ± 1.32, 110.42 ±. 1.35 and 76.92 + 2.81 cm in male; and 61.46 ± 1.01, 109.15 + 1.13 and 72.77 ±. 1.56 cm in female, respectively at birth. The corresponding body measurements in adult were 159.82 ± 2.10, 195.00 ±. 3.55 and 195.93 ±2.11 cm in male; and 156.15 ± 0.76, 192.16 + 0.77 and 204.75 ± 10.77 cm in female, respectively. The height at wither in adult camel was found to be a reliable measure for growth from its associa- tion with important body measurements.Majority of the traditional camel breeders were following age at first mating of 3 to 4 years in female and 4 to 5 years in male camel. About 47 per cent of the breeders used one stud camel for 50 to 70 females. Winter was the common breeding season resulting into calving in late winter in the camels. The camel breeders generally relied on the stud camel for detecting females in oestrus. However, they were having confidence in detecting conception of 10 to 15 days from a behavioural sign, 'cocking of tail'. Daily milk production of 5.52 +. 0.29 litres was recorded in the Kachchhi camels. The camel milk on an average contained 11.24 per cent total solids, 3.07 per cent fat, 2.85 per cent protein, 4.27 per cent lactose and 0.84 per cent ash. The milk from camel was used for family consumption. There was taboo on sale of camel milk. Rabaries were the major traditional camel breeders responsible for development and preservation of Kachchhi breed as their ancestoral profession. For about 51 per cent of the camel breeders. Animal Husbandry was the only source of income. Due to constant migration and remoteness of their villages, most of them remained illiterate.The herd size of Kachchhi camels varied from less than 5 to 100 animals. Herds of 50 camels were commonly encountered in the district. Average herd size was of 40.74 ± 2.83 camels with 6.17 young males, 0.59 breedable male, 12.27 young females and 21.70 adult females. Without exception they were managed on extensive system of feeding on natural feed resources. On an average 11 to 12 hours of browsing time was provided. The camel breeders were having good knowledge and skill for browsing their camels on variety of trees, shrubs, creepers and other vegetation. The breeders maintained their camels on 'zero' input basis. Generally no supplementary feeding of any kind was done. Only the stud camels were given some energetic feed during breeding season. Newborn calf was allowed to suckle colostrum freely. The growing calf was kept with herd and was having free access to suckle sufficient milk from the dam. Nose-pag was applied to the male camel at the age of 2 to 3 years. Sale of surplus male camel was the only source of income from the herd for the traditional breeders. The camel hair was used for preparing articles of daily use.