Loading...
Thumbnail Image

Anand Agricultural University, Anand

Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.

Browse

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • ThesisItemOpen Access
    EPIDEMIOLOGICAL, HAEMATOBIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF HELMINTH PARASITES OF CAMELS
    (AAU, Anand, 2011) SOLANKI, JAYESH BABULAL; Hasnani, J. J.
    In the present study, a total of 2604 faecal samples of camels were collected from Anand, Vadodara, Kheda, Ahmedabad and Panchmahal districts of middle Gujarat during the period from June-2008 to May-2009 and were examined for the presence of helminth parasites. The results revealed that the overall prevalence of helminthic infection was 68.01 per cent. The overall prevalence of nematodes, frematodes and cestodes was 89.01, 5.25 and 5.65 per cent, respectively. Among trematodes, Fasciola spp. eggs were detected in 93 (5.25%) samples. Regarding cestodes, the prevalence of Moniezia spp. was 5.65 per cent. The prevalence of Haemonchus spp. was maximum, while that of Cooperia spp., Ostertagia spp. and Oesophagostomum spp. was the least. The overall maximum prevalence of helminths was observed in the month of July (87.56%) and minimum in the month of May (42.40%) in middle Gujarat. The highest gastrointestinal nematode infection was observed in the month of July (91.58%) and the lowest in the month of May (85.87%) in middle Gujarat. In all the districts of middle Gujarat, the highest infection of Haemonchus spp. was observed in the month of July. The overall lowest (16.99%) infection of Haemonchus spp. was recorded in the month of January. The overall Trichostrongylus spp. infection was also highest (28.42%) in the month of July and minimum in the month of February. The maximum intensity of GIT nematodes was observed for Trichostrongyliid group (891.43 mean epg) with range 50- 4550 epg. The mean epg for Strongyloides spp. and Trichuris spp. was 638.41 (50- 1450) and 198.94 (50-1700), respectively. The overall maximum intensity of Trichostrongyliid group was observed in the month of July with mean epg of 1483.97 50 and minimum in the month of February with mean epg of 638.25. The overall prevalence of Strongyloides spp. was found to be low throughout the year. The overall intensity of Strongyloides spp. was maximum in the month of November with mean epg of 907.47 and minimum in the month of May with mean epg of 405.92. The infection of Trichuris spp. was found common throughout the year ranging from 7-15 per cent in middle Gujarat. The highest prevalence (15.03%) and intensity (mean epg 357.38) of Trichuris spp. was observed in the month of June and the lowest prevalence (7.61%) and intensity (mean epg 96.40) was observed in the month of May. The per cent prevalence of Nematodims spp. was the highest in the month of December (13.10%) and zero in the month of May. Very low grade infection (5.25%) of Fasciola spp. was observed with zero prevalence in the month of March and April. Season, age and sex of the animal had significant influence on the prevalence of helminths in camels. Maximirai prevalence of helminths was recorded in monsoon (81.22%) and minimum in summer (55.07%). The maximum (90.48%) prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes was recorded in the winter season with almost similar prevalence in summer (88.49%) and monsoon (88.37%). The Fasciola spp. infection was maximum (7.66%) in monsoon and minimum (1.88%) in summer. The Moniezia spp. infection was found maximum (9.62%) in summer and minimum (3.97%) in monsoon. The overall maximum intensity of Trichostrongyliid group was observed in monsoon with mean epg of 1122.38 . Maximum intensity of Strongyloides spp. and Trichuris spp. was observed in winter with mean epg of 868.09 and 243.21, respectively.The helminthic infection was the highest (81.62%) in camels of 2-5 years of age and the lowest (47.37%) in camel calves ageing below 2 years of age. The GIT nematode infection was highest (91.22%) in camels of 5-10 years of age and lowest (71.60%) in camel calves ageing below 2 years. The prevalence of Trichistrongyliid group infection was on increasing trend with advancement of age. The Fasciola spp. infection was highest (6.37%) in camels above 10 years of age and lowest (4.32%) in camels below 5 years of age. The Moniezia spp. infection was on decreasing ebb with advancement of age with maximum prevalence (24.07%) in camel calves ageing below 2 years of age.The overall prevalence of helminths was higher in females (74.96%) than males (61.48%). No influence of sex was found on prevalence of GIT nematodes. The Moniezia spp. infection was higher in males (7.27%) than females (4.23%). Almost similar prevalence was recorded in males (5.21%) and females (5.29%) for fasciolosis in camels of middle Gujarat. After coproculture, camels were determined to be infected with third stage larvae of Trichostrongylus spp., Ostertagia spp., Oesophagostomum spp., Haemonchus spp., Nematodirus spp., Trichuris spp., Strongyloides spp. and Cooperia species. Haematological study conducted on helminths infected camels revealed statistically significant decrease in haemoglobin concentration, total erythrocyte count, packed cell volume and lymphocyte, with significant increase in the total leucocyte count, MCHC, neutrophils and eosinophils. No difference was observed in the monocytic coimt of helminths infected and vminfected camels. Biochemical study carried out on helminths infected camels revealed significant decrease in glucose, total protein, total cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen, inorganic phosphorus, calcium and magnesium concentration. There was non-significant difference in the creatinine level of helminths infected and uninfected camels. There was significant increase in the enzymatic activities of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT or SGPT) and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST or SCOT) in helminths infected camels. Macroscopically, abomasum showed varying degrees of ulceration, congestion of mucosa, thickened walls and oedematous folds associated with haemorrhagic foci due to presence oi Haemonchus. spp. worms. Histopathologically, there were hyperemia in the abomasal mucosa and hyperplasia of the abomasal glands with cellular infiltration mainly of lymphocytes and eosinophils. Small intestine infected with Strongyloides spp. and Trichostrongylus spp. worms showed oedematous and congested mucosa with small petecheal haemorrhages. Histopathologically, there were loss of intestinal villi, thickened mucosa and heavy infiltration of inflammatory cells in mucosa and submucosa of the duodenvim. Large intestine infected with Trichuris spp. revealed thickened and oedematous mucosa with haemorrhagic foci. There was ulcer and nodule formation with thickening of the duodenal wall. On histopathological examination, intestine revealed catarrhal inflammation and necrosis of gland with eosinophilic infiltration. Liver showed irregularly distributed haemorrhages with grayish to pale white colour areas on gross examination. Microscopically, there was fibrosis and cirrhosis of liver. Lungs showed emphysema and congestion with pale white raised areas.
  • ThesisItemOpen Access
  • ThesisItemOpen Access