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Anand Agricultural University, Anand

Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.

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Subject: Veterinary Pathology × Author: PATEL, VIJAYKUMAR B. × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2008 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SUBACUTE ORAL TOXICITY STUDY OF FEBUXOSTAT IN SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS
    (AAU, Anand, 2009) PATEL, VIJAYKUMAR B.; Prajapati, K. S.
    Febuxostat is a non-purine analogue and is a selective inhibitor of oxidized and reduced forms of Xanthine Oxidase that significantly reduces serum uric acid levels. The present research work was conducted to evaluate the repeated dose toxicity of febuxostat in Sprague Dawley rats. The animals were divided in 5 different groups each included 6 male and 6 female animals. They were administered febuxostat at 0 (vehicle only), 2, 10, 50 and 10 (Recovery) mg/kg, orally for 28 days respectively. The animals were observed for clinical signs and growth parameters. Hematological, biochemical, urine analysis, necropsy, organ weight and histopathological studies were conducted. Oral administration of febuxostat did not produce any toxic symptoms and there was no any change in feed consumption, body weight and body weight gain as compared to control group. No significant hematological alterations were noticed up to 10 mg/kg dose in both sexes. Leucocytosis with neutrophilia was noted in both sexes at 50 mg/kg dose group. There was increase in urea, creatinine and phosphorus along with decrease in calcium and sodium in the serum of male and female from dose group of 50 mg/kg. The dose dependent reduction in serum uric acid level was observed in animals of both sexes from group II, III, IV and V. Urine was yellowish and turbid in the animals of dose group 10 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg. Microscopic examination showed presence of erythrocytes and amorphous crystals in the male and female animals of dose group 50 mg/kg. The significant increase in relative weight of kidney was found in both the sexes of high dose group only. Gross pathological changes observed in the kidney of both the sexes in high dose group were paleness, flabbiness, enlargement and pinpoint whitish necrotic foci on the surface. Urinary bladder in this group showed distention with presence of yellowish urine with fine granular material. Histopathological changes were seen only in kidneys and urinary bladder of animals from group III and IV. Major histopathological changes observed in the kidneys were hyaline deposits in kidney tubules, basophilia of tubules, thickening of glomerular basement membrane, cystic dilatation of tubules, infiltration of inflammatory cells in intertubular space, proliferation of interstitial cormective tissue, neovascularization, necrosis of tubular epithelium, presence of necrosed inflammatory cells in tubular lumen, deposition of crystals in collecting tubules and papillary duct and papillary epithelial hyperplasia. The drug febuxostat was found effective in reducing serum uric acid levels in normal SD rats and was found nephrotoxic at dose levels of 10 and 50 mg/kg. The NOAEL was 2 mg/kg in SD rats.