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Anand Agricultural University, Anand
Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur
AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.
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ThesisItem Open Access CLINICAL STUDIES ON EPIDEMIOLOGY PATHOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF DOWNER COW SYNDROME(AAU, Anand, 2009) PATEL, BHAVIKA RAMESHBHAI; Patel, P. R.The downer cow syndrome is an emerging problem in high yielding cows. Management of such downer cows becomes a most challenging problem for any veterinarian. Downer cow syndrome is an extensively studied phenomenon all over the world but meager information has been reported in India. The present work on "Clinical Studies on Epidemiology, Pathology, Diagnosis and Management of Downer Cow Syndrome" was undertaken during the period starting from 1st October 2008 to 15th May 2009 in and around Anand town (Gujarat) to study the epidemiology and clinical management of downer cow syndrome. A total of 2,242 cows were at risk for downer cow syndrome, out of which 48 cows (2.14%) were found to be showing definitive signs of downer syndrome. Out of 48 downer cows, the highest incidence was recorded in more than a week recumbent downer cows (21 cases; 43.8%) followed by five days (11 cases; 22.9%), three days (10 cases; 20.8%) and one day (6 cases; 12.5%)). Out of 48 cases of downer cows syndrome, the incidence was recorded to be highest in Jersey crossbred (25 cases; 52.0%), followed by Holstein Friesian crossbred (15 cases; 31,2%), pure Holstein Friesian (5 cases; 10.4%), non -descript (2 cases; 4.2%) and pure Jersey (1 case; 2.0%). Out of 48 cases of downer cow syndrome, the highest incidences was recorded in high milk producers (23 cases; 48%), followed by average milk producers (22 cases; 46%)) and low milk producers (3 cases; 6%). Out of 48 cases of downer cow syndrome, the incidence was recorded to be highest in third and fourth lactation (22 cases; 46.2%)), followed by second lactation (10 cases; 20.7%), first lactation (9 cases; 18.5%), sixth lactation (5 cases; 10.5%) and fifth lactation (two cases; 4.1%). Type of housing and hygienic condition was not found to be correlated with the incidence of downer cow syndrome. Majority of the cows suffered from downer syndrome around calving or within a month post parturition. However, cases also occurred in late lactation, advance pregnancy and other physiological states. Downer cows were found into two categories clinically alert downers (41 cases; 85.4%) and non alert downers (7 cases; 14.6%). The alert downers were bright and alert with normal or slightly reduced appetite. The body temperature, rumination, urination and defecation were normal. The heart and respiratory rates were normal except few cows which had accelerated heart and respiratory rates (12 cases; 29.2%). Such cows tried to get up from front but were unable to raise their hind quarters. Characteristic crawling was also observed in fourteen (31.1%)) downer cows. The non-alert downers preferred lateral recumbency and they were completely anorectic with accelerated heart and respiratory rates. Haematologically, the downer cows had significantly (p<0.05) decreased Hb (7.90 ± 0.45), PCV (24.65 ± 1.26) and TEC (4.77 ± 0.15). Whereas significant (p<0.05) increased MCV (62.43±1.25), decreased MCHC (27.61 ±1.30), relatively neutropliiiia (44.12±1.97) and lymphopenia (52.83±2.12). The concentration of blood glucose (104.14 ± 6.57), BUN (20.00 ± 1.89) and creatinine (3.62 ± 0.53mg/dl) were significantly higher in downer cows. The activities of serum enzymes like AST (196.95 ± 19.41), ALT (57.41±7.84), CPK (14.93±1.07) and LDH (503.91 ±6.42) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in downer cows. Downer cows had significantly (p<0.05) low calcium (7.58±0.26), phosphorus (3.84±0.13), magnesium (2.82±0.09) and potassium (3.15±0.18) concentration. Majority of downer cows suffered from net deficiency of calcium, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium while some had combined deficiency. The Cortisol level (151.00±0.48) significantly (p<0.05) elevated in downer cow syndrome. Histopathologically, necrosis of muscle, demyelinization as well as loss of axon of nerves and degenerative changes in heart, liver, and kidney were characteristic features. In order to understand and formulate suitable diagnosis and therapeutic measures; clinical symptoms, haematology, biochemical profile, enzymes, minerals and electrolyte were studied on 48 cows suffering form downer cow syndrome. With combined therapy consisting of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and nervine stimulant at parenteral route with manual change of sides, massage of limbs and lifting of animals manually or with the help of sling on two-three occasions a day, success could be gained in 52 per cent downer cows (25 out of 48). The downer thus treated showed clinical recovery within a period of 3-40 days.ThesisItem Open Access EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF CANINE CARDIAC DISEASES INCLUDING CLINICO- PATHOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPEUTICS(Anand Agricultural University, 2008) SARITA DEVI; Dr. R.G. JaniCardiac diseases in canines are an extensively studied phenomenon all over the world but meagre information has been reported in India. The present study on “Epidemiological Studies of Canine Cardiac Diseases Including Clinico- Pathology, Diagnosis and Therapeutics” was undertaken from 1st May 2007 to 31st April 2008 in Gujarat with the following objectives to survey the prevalence of common cardiac diseases in hospital population of dogs.ThesisItem Open Access CLINICO-DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC STUDIES ON SUBCLINICAL INTRAMAMMARY INFECTIONS (IMI) OF BOVINES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO GENETIC STUDIES TO DETERMINE GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY TO IMI”(Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2008) AMIT KUMAR VERMA; Dr. D.S. NauriyalIntramammary infection (IMI) or mastitis is considered a potential threat to the dairy farmers, dairy industry as well as milk consumers. Of the two farms of the disease, subclinical IMI accounts for a majority of losses incurred on account of udder infections. The present study was conducted during February, 2007 to July, 2007 on a total of 112 lactating animals comprising 97 cows {28 Triple cross {Kankrej x Jersey x Holstein Friesian), 33 Kankrej and 36 Holstein Friesian)} and 15 buffaloes. Besides, eleven cows {Kankrej x HF, (6 in no.) and Kankrej x Jersey, (5 in no.)} with clinical mastitis belonging to private dairy farms, were used for conducting a therapeutic trial.ThesisItem Open Access “CLINICAL STUDIES ON EPIDEMIOLOGY, HAEMATOBIOCHEMISTRY AND SEROSURVEILLANCE OF COMMON DISEASES IN HORSE”(Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2009) Suresh V. Mavadiya; S.K. RavalHorses constitute an important group of live stock. The horses have a unique place in the Hindu mythology. India has 1.77 million equines comprising 0.70 million horses and ponies, 0.29 million mules and 0.78 million donkeys. These animals are used for draught and transport especially in hilly, arid and semi-arid zones where motorable roads are inadequate or not feasible. Remaining 2% equines, belonging to elite group, are kept in organized sectors and provide services to the army, police, border security force, racing industry, sports and for ceremonial parades. Efficient performance of equines for these activities depends upon a sound health and freedom from various ailments including infectious diseases. In this study, total 502 horsesThesisItem Open Access CLINICAL STUDIES ON EPIDEMIOLOGY, ETIOPATHOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF BLINDNESS IN CATTLE(Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2009) FERNANDES KARLETTE ANNE; Dr. P. R. PatelThe present study undertaken for a period of one year from 1st June, 2008 to 30th May 2009, on 50 clinical cases of ocular disorders in cattle (Bos indicus) sheltered at three different locations in the Saurashtra region of the Gujarat state and also among those cattle presented during two Clinical camps held at Rajkot and Bhanvad. The diseased cattle included in the study were evaluated for general health status, followed by a systematic ophthalmic examination to assess their visual acuity, which was further substantiated by special diagnostic techniques so as to arrive at an appropriate diagnosis. Ocular disorders causing partial or permanent loss of vision were categorized and medical and/or surgical management was implemented in 10 selected cases with an apparently favorable prognosis.ThesisItem Open Access Hepatoprotective activity of Eclipta alba and Phyllanthus niruri against paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in rats(Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2009) SUDHIR A.MEHTA; Dr. S. K. RavalLiver plays a major role in the detoxification and excretion of many endogenous and exogenous compounds. Any type of injury such as due to systemic drugs, agro chemicals and disease condition lead to impairment of its function. The present work was planned to study clinical manifestations, biochemical profile and histopathological changes of Phyllanthus nirirui and Eclipta alba in combination on paracetamol induced hepatotoxic rat model. Liv-52 was used as the other oral hepatoprotective drug. Hepatotoxicity was inducedThesisItem Open Access Epidemiology, clinico - pathology, therapeutic and techno economic aspects of bovine calf scour(Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2009) Vagh Arshi Arjanbhai; Dr. R. G. JANIScour in young bovine calves is one of the main factors causing variable morbidity and mortality in subtropical countries like India. The present study was carried out from 1st June, 2008 to 31st May, 2009 in the five villages of Anand district, which embodies results of endeavours directed towards development of rural calf health surveillance system for generation of data through epidemiological surveillance in cattle and buffalo calves up to three months of age, to investigate clinico pathological changes and therapeutic regimes with a view to correlate prevalence rate, prognosis and early diagnosis so that proper control measures can be taken up viewing economic losses due to calf scour. 963 calves comprised