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Anand Agricultural University, Anand
Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur
AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.
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ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON DIFFERENT TREATMENTS IN RELATION TO SERVICE PERIOD AND MILK PROFILE IN HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN COWS(AAU, Anand, 2008) PARMAR, PRAKASHCHANDRA D.; Derashri, H. J.The present research experiment on "Effect of Different treatments on service period and milk profile in Holstein Friesian cows" was undertaken on 40 Holstein Friesian cows. Objectives of the experiment were to study the effect of herbal preparation on uterine involution and resumption of ovarian activity and conception rate in the animals, to study the effect of combination of hormones such as PGF2a and Oxytocin on uterine involution and resumption of ovarian activity and subsequent conception rate during postpartum period, to study the milk profiles- protein, fat, urea, ketone bodies, lactose and SNF during postpartum period. The animals were divided into four groups of ten animals (n=10) each. Group-I, animals were given intra-uterine infusions of herbal preparation (Vantab) at weekly interval for three consequtive weeks. Group-II animals were given Oxytocin, 50 lU and PGF2a, 25 mg I/M, (Iliren, Intervet International Gmbh, Germany) immediately after parturition, Group-Ill animals were injected with PGF2a 25 mg i/m immediately after parturition, and Group-IV(Control group) animals were not given any treatment. Milk samples were collected at weekly interval from experimental animals from the day of parturition till 15th week post-partum for biochemical analysis of milk for Milk Urea Nitrogen, Milk Ketone bodies, Milk Lactose, Milk Protein, Milk Fat, and Milk Solid Non-Fat (SNF). Milk Urea Nitrogen was estimated by quantitative Spectrophotometer. Milk Ketone bodies were estimated by Rothera's test. Milk Lactose, Milk Protein, Milk Fat, and Milk Solid Non-Fat (SNF) were estimated by Ultrasonic Ekomilk total. Insemination were done in this group of animal on day of estrus Observed beyond 50 days post-partum. The Mean interval of the service period under different treatment groups was 123.4 ± 17.94, 109.8 ± 16.77, 120 ± 13.78 and 128.3 ± 17.25 days respectively. There was no significant difference in service period between the treatments. The mean / average level of milk urea nitrogen up to 120 day post partum was 0.252 ± 0.007 in HF cows under study. Significant difference was observed between treatments and control and between treatment groups also. Group - I animals had significantly lower MUN values as compared to group - IV and group - III. Same way significant difference was observed between group - 1 and group - II and group - III.. Treatment was effective to minimize the MUN levels. The mean / average level of milk ketone bodies up to 120 day post partum was 1.292 ± 0.031 in HF cows under the study. Ketone bodies in group - I and group - II were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than group IV (control group). The mean / average level of Milk Fat up to 120 day post partum was 2.18 ± 0.05 percent in HF cows under the study. Significant difference was observed between group - I and group - II and between group - II and group - IV. The mean / average level of Solid Non-fat up to 120 day post partum was 9.56 ± 0.05 in HF cows under study. SNF values were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in group-II animals as compared to group-III and group IV animals. Significant difference (P < 0.05) for SNF values was also observed between the periods. The mean / average level of Milk Lactose up to 120 day post partum was 6.12 ± 1.026 in HF cows under study. No significant difference was observed between groups and between treatments. The mean / average level of Milk Protein up to 120 day post partum was 3.58 ± 0.02 g% in HF cows under study. Significant difference was observed between groups and periods. Milk protein values were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in group 1 and group-11 as compared to group-IV (control group). Percentage of pregnant animals was 90, in Gr-1, Gr-II, Gr-III, and Gr-IV, respectively. Higher number of animals was pregnant in different treatment groups than the control group. The treatments gave an indication to enhance the fertility in post-partum HF cows under the study.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON BLOOD PROFILE IN RELATION TO REPRODUCTION IN CROSSBRED COWS OF SABARKANTHA DISTRICT(AAU, Anand, 2008) PATEL, BANKIMCHANDRA N.; Derashri, H. J.The present research project "Studies on blood profile in relation to reproduction in crossbred cows of Sabarkantha district" was undertaken on 30 advance pregnant crossbred cows and 20 repeat breeder cows. The objective of the study were to observe the effect of supplementation of mineral mixture powder and Bolus cyclomin 7 on reproductive performance of individual animals and also studies the serum biochemical profile during pre-partum, at partum and 15, 30 and 45 days post-partum. The animals were divided into two major units, Unit-1 total 30 advance pregnant animals, which were further divided in to three groups of ten animals each. The three groups were: group I - Treatment 1 ( mineral mixture + cyclomin 7); Group II - Treatment-2 -( mineral mixture + cyclomin 7) + GnRH (Inj. Receptal); Group - III - Control group (no treatment). While in case Unit-2, total 20 animals were selected which were divided in to two groups Group - IV -Treatment-4 (mineral mixture + cyclomin 7); and Groups V -Treatment-5 Control group (no treatment). Average value of Serum Glucose, Total protein, Triglyceride and Cholesterol in the animals under different groups of treatment in unit-1 was 53.58 ±0.55 mg/dl, 8.11 ± 0.09 g/dl, 45.09 ± 0.88 mg/dl, 118.67 ± 2.19 mg/dl. Level of glucose, total protein, cholesterol was maintained at significantly higher level (P < 0.01) in the animals under treatment group as compared to control group. Level of glucose was less at 15 days prepartum which increased significantly at parturition, decreased significantly 15 days postpartum and increased significantly 30 days post-partum onwards. An increasing trend was observed in protein level from 15 days pre-partum to the day of parturition and then the values decreased significantly (P < 0.01) till 45 days post-partum. No significant difference was observed for triglycerides level between the treatment and period groups, however, the values showed increasing trend from 15 days pre-partum to 15 days post-partum and then the values were at par with those at 15 days pre-partum. The level of cholesterol was at par 15 days pre-partum and at parturition and then onwards it increased significantly (P < 0.01) towards 45 days post-partum. Average value of Serum Glucose, Total protein, Triglyceride and Cholesterol in the animals under different groups of treatment in unit-2 was 47.42 ± 0.81 mg/dl, 7.18 ± 0.11 g/dl, 48.81 ± 1.30 mg/dl and 114.28 ± 3.83 mg/dl. Significant (P < 0.05) difference was observed between treatment and control groups for glucose level. Average value of Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium in blood serum for unit-1 in the animals under experiment was 8.55 ± 0.14 mg / dl, 4.86 ± 0.06 mg / dl, and 1.49 + 0.06. mEq /dl. Calcium levels decreased significantly (P < 0.05) from 15 days prepartum to the day of parturition (7.71 ± 0.20) and then increased significantly (P < 0.01) towards 45 days post-partum (9.20 ± 0.31). Highly significant difference was observed between the treatment groups and treatment groups and the control group for calcium and phosphorus level. No significant difference was observed between treatments and between periods for serum magnesium level. Average value for Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium level in blood serum in the animals under experiment (Unit-2) was 8.02 ± 0.17, 4.42 ± 0.20 mg/dl and 1.42 ± 0.12 mEq/dl. Values were not significantly differ but comparatively higher in treatment groups as compared to control groups. Average serum, cobalt, copper, iron, Zinc, and manganese (ppm) in the experimental animals in unit-1 was 0.88 ± 0.08, 0.74 ± 0.04, 2.15 ± 0.03, 2.16 ± 0.09 and 0.31 ± 0.01 respectively. No significant differences were observed for zinc and cobalt level between treatments and between periods but the values were comparatively higher in the treatment groups at 15 days post-partum stage (2.47 ± 0.22). However, values deceased significantly (P < 0.01) at the time of parturition as compared to 15 days prepartum find highly significant difference between different periods (1.06 ± 0.08 Vs.0.67 ± 0.05). Whereas copper level significantly (P < 0.01) decreased at pre partum (0.42 ± 0.04) and increased at the time of parturition shows continuous increased trend up to 45 days (1.02 ± 0.12). Mean values of manganese was significantly (P < 0.01) decreased at the time of parturition (0.21 ± 0.02) and gradually increased post partum. Average level of serum, cobalt, copper, iron, Zinc, and manganese (ppm) in the experimental animals (Unit-2) were 0.85 ± 0.04, 0.39 ± 0.02, 2.00 ± 0.04, 1.35 ± 0.09 and 0.27 ± 0.01 respectively. The values differed significantly (P < 0.01) between treatment and control groups, (1.59 ± 0.11 vs. 1.11 ± 0.12) for zinc level. The treatment, supplementation with mineral mixture and micro minerals and GnRH, effectively reduced the calving interval and mean inseminations per conception and improved the reproductive efficiency of animals of treatment groups. The mean intercalving period was 337.37 ± 4.30, 345 ± 4.60 and 355.60 ± 5.44 for T1, T2 and T3 groups respectively. The calving interval was significantly less (P < 0.05) in the treatment groups than the control group.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON EFFECTS OF SYSTEMIC HORMONAL AND INTRAUTERINE HERBAL THERAPY ON POST-PARTUM UTERINE INVOLUTION, OVARIAN REBOUND AND SERVICE PERIOD IN HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN COWS(AAU, Anand, 2008) PATEL, BHARAT B.; PATEL, D. M.The present research project "Studies on effects of systemic hormonal and intrauterine herbal therapy on post-partum uterine involution, ovarian rebound and service period in Holstein Friesian cows." was undertalcen on 28 Holstein Friesian cows. The objectives of the study were to observe the effect of Prostaglandin and oxytocin injections on uterine involution and resumption of ovarian activity during post-partum period, blood plasma metabolic concentration. Progesterone (P4) hormone concentration on post-partum and the effect of herbal antibacterial preparation (intrauterine) on uterine involution and resumption of ovarian activity, induction of oestrus and conception rate during post partum period. The animals were divided into four groups each group having seven animals. The four groups were: Group I:- Control ; Group II:-Vantab, Three intra-uterine infusions given at weekly interval postpartum. Group III:- Oxytocin, 50 units and PGF2a, 25 mg (Iliren) I/M. immediately after parturition and Group IV:- PGF2a, 25 mg (Iliren) 1/M, immediately after parturition . Blood samples were collected from parturition (0 day) to 75th day at fortnightly interval through jugular venupuncture for estimation of biochemical constituents by auto analyser (Selectra Junior) and progesterone hormone estimation by Radio Immuno Assay (RIA) technique. The HF cows under the study revealed complete regression of pregnancy CL by mean interval of 8.50 ± 0.81 (range 3-21) days. There was non significant difference (P<0.05) found all groups of trait. In Group-Ill and Group-IV pregnancy CL lysis occurred in short time as compared to Group-I, Group-II. The mean interval from calving to first post-partum oestrus was 31.65 ± 1.45 (range 23 to 45) days in HF cows under study. Highly significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed between groups for first post-partum oestrus, being higher in control group of animals as compared to treatment groups. The mean period of uterine involution was found to be 29.71 ± 0.71 (range 22- 37) days. The mean period of uterine involution was 32.57 ± 1.25, 31.71 ± 0.91, 25.85 ± 1.10 and 28.71 ± 0.91 days respectively for group I, II, III and IV. There were highly significant difference (P<0.01) for period of in uterine involution between various treatment groups. Plasma glucose concentrations in cows under the present experiment were 57.79 ± 0.50 (range 50 to 67) mg %. The Difference within treatment groups was highly significant (P < 0.01). The values for glucose increased 60 days post-partum. Plasma total protein concentration in cows under experiment was 7.25 ± 0.05 (range 6.65 to 7.87) g/dl There no significant difference (P<0.05) between treatment mean of different groups for plasma total protein concentration but there was a significant different (P<0.05) between period mean. Plasma cholesterol concentration in cows under the study was 106.92 ± 2.53 (range 63.20 to 158.02) mg/dl. Differences within treatment and between groups were highly significant (P < 0.01). Plasma Triglycerides concentration in cows under study was 12.76 ± 0.14 (range 8.3 to 17) mg/dl. Differences within treatment and between groups were highly significant (P < 0.01). The average plasma concentration of progesterone in the cattle was 2.09 ± 0.13 (range 0.1 to 7.00) ng/ml through out post partum period. There were non significant difference (P<0.05) between treatment mean but there was a significant different (P<0.05) between period mean. The overall mean values of service periods were 122.39 ± 6.90 (range 62- more than 150) days. In the present study, it was observed that interval from calving to first service postpartum was non significant in all the groups. The mean values of service periods were 142.28 ± 21.53, 123± 9.28, 109 ± 9.05, 114.85 ± 11.02 respectively in group 1,11, III and IV. The treatments given may enhance the fertility in post-partum HF cows. The animals under Group-Ill and Group-IV had faster involution and shorter service period as compared to animals treatment group-ll and control group-I.ThesisItem Open Access BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL AND HORMONAL PROFILES IN RELATION TO DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS IN SURTI BUCKS WITH SEMEN STUDIES(2008) JADAV, PRABHAT V; Patel, D MIn the present study on Surti bucks (i) blood biochemical (ii) hormonal (sex steroid) profile and (iii) seminal picture were studied in relation to different age groups. In this study about 21 Surti bucks were taken and divided into 3 groups. Group-I, Group- II & Group-Ill with age of 6-9 months, 9-12 months and above one year respectively and body weight ranging from 8-12 kg, 12-22 kg & 22 kg and above respectively. The levels of sex steroids in Surti bucks of different age were analyzed by employing standard Radioimmunoassay technique. The age related changes of sex steroids (Testosterone and Androstenedione) and specific changes in blood biochemical profiles (Total protein, cholesterol. Alkaline phosphatase and inorganic phosphorous) were estimated at fifteen days interval. The data collected on levels of sex steroids, biochemical estimates and seminal picture were statistically analyzed using standard technique. The Serum levels of testosterone and androstenedione revealed age related changes. The mean testosterone levels at 9-12 months was found to be significantly (P <0.05) lower. The level of testosterone was significantly higher in Surti bucks of one year age and above. A progressive rise in mean testosterone level was observed after one year of age. The levels of androstenedione in blood serum remained a peak at the age of three months and then declined with the advancement of age upto one year. The levels of this hormone were exceptionally higher in adult bucks. The age related sex steroid levels of Surti bucks follow the trends similar to those found on other species of ruminants but the higher levels of androstenedione recorded in adult group of bucks (above one year) was a species specific.ThesisItem Open Access "STUDIES ON DIFFERENT TREATMENT IN RELATION TO SERVICE PERIOD AND MILK PROFILE IN HOLSTEIN FRESIAN COW(Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2008) Parmar Prakashchandra D.; Dr. H.J.DerashriTThhee pprreesseenntt rreesseeaarrcchh eexxppeerriimmeenntt oonn ““EEffffeecctt ooff DDiiffffeerreenntt ttrreeaattmmeennttss oonn sseerrvviiccee ppeerriioodd aanndd mmiillkk pprrooffiillee iinn HHoollsstteeiinn FFrriieessiiaann ccoowwss”” wwaass uunnddeerrttaakkeenn oonn 4400 HHoollsstteeiinn FFrriieessiiaann ccoowwss.. OObbjjeeccttiivveess ooff tthhee eexxppeerriimmeenntt wweerree ttoo ssttuuddyy tthhee eeffffeecctt ooff hheerrbbaall pprreeppaarraattiioonn oonn uutteerriinnee iinnvvoolluuttiioonn aanndd rreessuummppttiioonn ooff oovvaarriiaann aaccttiivviittyy aanndd ccoonncceeppttiioonn rraattee iinn tthhee aanniimmaallss,, ttoo ssttuuddyy tthhee eeffffeecctt ooff ccoommbbiinnaattiioonn ooff hhoorrmmoonneess ssuucchh aass PPGGFF22αα aanndd OOxxyyttoocciinn oonn uutteerriinnee iinnvvoolluuttiioonn aanndd rreessuummppttiioonn ooff oovvaarriiaann aaccttiivviittyy aanndd ssuubbsseeqquueenntt ccoonncceeppttiioonn rraattee dduurriinngg ppoossttppaarrttuumm ppeerriioodd,, ttoo ssttuuddyy tthhee mmiillkk pprrooffiilleess-- pprrootteeiinn,, ffaatt,, uurreeaa,, kkeettoonnee bbooddiieess,, llaaccttoossee aanndd SSNNFF dduurriinngg ppoossttppaarrttuumm ppeerriioodd..ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF FSH AND DIFFERENT DOSES OF PMSG ON SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE AND EMBRYO RECOVERY RATE IN SURTI BUFFALOES(Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2008) AMIT KUMAR SAREN; Dr. Rohit G. ShahAn experiment was conducted at the farm of Reproductive Biology Research Unit of the College to study the effect of FSH and two different doses of PMSG on superovulatory response and embryo recovery rate in Surti buffaloes (n=18) of 2-6 parity during breeding season (August to February). Group I (n=6) and Group II (n=6) donors were superovulated with single i/m dose of 2500 and 3000 IU PMSG, respectively, on day 10 of the estrous cycle, whereas Group III (n=6) donors were treated intramuscularly with 400 mg FSH per donor divided into 8 equal doses over four days at 12 hourly interval, starting at day 10 of the cycle. Superovulatory estrus in donors was induced 48 hours after the initiation of superovulatory treatment with a single i/m dose of 25 mg PGF2α. The first AI was performed 48 hours after PGF2α injection, followed by two more AIs at 12 hours interval. A dose of 1500 IU Chorulon (hCG) i/m, irrespective of groups, was given at the time of AI to increase the embryo recovery rate during flushingThesisItem Open Access MANAGEMENT OF POSTPARTUM FERTILITY IN BUFFALOES(Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2008) Pareshkumar P. Patel; Dr. M. T. PanchalThe present study on “Management of postpartum fertility in buffaloes” was carried out on advanced pregnant (8 months) buffaloes (n=108) selected and registered from the Kubadharol, Hatharava and Thuravas villages of Vadali taluka of Sabarkantha District of North Gujarat, over a period of six months from August 2007 to January 2008. The registered buffaloes were monitored for two months pre- and post- partum for occurrence of periparturitional reproductive events, if any, as well as for evincing the first postpartum oestrus. The buffaloes showing estrus signs were bred by AI and followed for subsequent fertility till the conception.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON BLOOD PROFILE IN RELATION TO REPRODUCTION IN CROSSBRED COWS OF SABARKANTHA DISTRICT(Anand Agricultural University, 2008) Patel Bankimchandra N.; Dr. H.J.DerashriThe present research project “Studies on blood profile in relation to reproduction in crossbred cows of Sabarkantha district” was undertaken on 30 advance pregnant crossbred cows and 20 repeat breeder cows. The objective of the study were to observe the effect of supplementation of mineral mixture powder and Bolus cyclomin 7 on reproductive performance of individual animals and also to study the serum biochemical profile during pre-partum, at partum and 15, 30 and 45 days post-partumThesisItem Open Access “STUDIES ON EFFECTS OF SYSTEMIC HORMONAL AND INTRAUTERINE HERBAL THERAPY ON POST-PARTUM UTERINE INVOLUTION, OVARIAN REBOUND AND SERVICE PERIOD IN HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN COWS(Anand Agricultural University, 2008) BHARAT B. PATEL; Dr. D. M. PatelThe present research project “Studies on effects of systemic hormonal and intrauterine herbal therapy on post-partum uterine involution, ovarian rebound and service period in Holstein Friesian cows.” was undertaken on 28 Holstein Friesian cows. The objectives of the study were to observe the effect of Prostaglandin and oxytocin injections on uterine involution and resumption of ovarian activity during post-partum period, blood plasma metabolic concentration, Progesterone (P4) hormone concentration on post-partum and the effect of herbal antibacterial preparation (intrauterine) on uterine involution and resumption of ovarian activity, induction of oestrus and conception rate during post partum period