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Anand Agricultural University, Anand

Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.

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2016 - 20176
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Subject: Soil Science and Agriculture Chemistry × End date: 2017 × Start date: 2016 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES ON GERMINATION, GROWTH AND YIELD OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.)
    (Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry B. A. College of Agriculture Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2017) Pankaj Kumar Tiwari; Dr. K. P. Patel
    The present investigation was undertaken to investigate the effect of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on seed germination, growth and yield of maize. The study included four sequential experiments: (1) synthesis and characterization of ZnO NPs; (2) effect of different concentrations of ZnO NPs on germination of maize seeds; (3) effect of seed treatment with ZnO NPs on growth and yield of maize; and (4) effect of foliar application of ZnO NPs on growth and yield of maize under microplot conditions.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDY ON NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS AS INFLUENCED BY DIFFERENT ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS UNDER GROUNDNUT-WHEAT CROPPING SEQUENCE ON TYPIC USTOCHREPTS
    (DEPARTMENT OF SOIL SCIENCE AND AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY B. A. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ANAND, 2016) Kulkarni Manoj Vinay; Dr. K. C. Patel
    The experiment was undertaken to study the effect of organic and inorganic treatments on yield, nutrients removal by crops and distribution of N, P and K fractions in soil under groundnut (cv. GG-20)-wheat (cv. GW-496) cropping sequence. In all, six treatments were studied comprising of three organics treatments viz. T1: 75% N (FYM) + 25% N (Vermicompost), T2: 50% N (FYM) + 50% N (Castor Cake),T3: 5 0% N (FYM) + 25% N (VC.) + Azotobactor/Rhizobium + PSB (Seed treatment (ST)) and three inorganic treatments viz. T4: NPK as per soil test value (STV), T5: RDF + 5 t FYM ha-1, T6: RDF + ZnSO4/Gypsum, which were applied to both the crops under factorial randomized block design keeping four replications.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF ZnO NANOPARTICLES ON GERMINATION, GROWTH AND YIELD OF GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.)
    (AAU, Anand, 2016-12) PARMAR SNEHALBHAI J.; Dr. K. P. Patel
    The present investigation was undertaken to study the effect of ZnO nanoparticles on germination, growth and yield of groundnut. The study was carried out with total eight treatments of zinc using two different methods of Zn application as a source of fertilizer such as, seed treatment and foliar application. The treatments consist of three levels of ZnO nanoparticles and ZnO bulk @ 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm, respectively; with a recommended dose of Zn (30% Zn) along with control was repeated thrice under completely randomized design. The study included four experiments in a sequence. The first experiment was on synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanoparticles while their effect at different concentrations on germination of groundnut seeds was evaluated in second experiment. In another two experiments, the effects of seed treatment with ZnO nanoparticles and foliar application of ZnO nanoparticles were studied in separate microplots. Abstract ii In first experiment, nanoparticles of ZnO were synthesized, using oxalate decomposition method and confirmation of mean particle size was estimated by different microscopic analysis viz, XRD, TEM, SEM, DLS, TGA and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Accordingly, in second experiment, the groundnut seeds were separately treated with 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm of nanoscale zinc oxide (nZnO) and bulk zinc oxide (ZnO) suspensions, respectively and the effect of these treatments on seed germination, root length and seedling vigour were studied. Consequently, a field experiment (microplot study) was conducted during summer and kharif seasons of the year 2013–2014 in which two different studies were carried out viz, seed treatment and foliar application of nano ZnO and bulk ZnO suspension. In which, the effect of these treatments on plant growth, chlorophyll content, pod yield and Zn content and uptake by different plant parts were studied. The results of nanoparticles characterization revealed that nanoparticles with mean particle size of 70 nm were synthesized successfully. The particle size estimated by XRD and DLS were in good agreement with TEM, SEM and UV-Vis spectroscopy results. In seed germination study, the treated seed with 500 ppm concentration promoted seed germination, root length and seedling vigour index. However, higher concentration of ZnO nanoparticles reduced the root length and seed vigour. Foliar application of ZnO nanoparticles (500 ppm) proved beneficial in increasing plant height and leaf chlorophyll content beside the seed treatment with the same particles concentration. Likewise, the foliar application of ZnO nanoparticles (500 ppm) proved beneficial in increasing the Abstract iii pod and kernel yield over its seed treatment with the same particle concentration. Seed treatment with 500 ppm ZnO nanoparticles as a source of Zn significantly increased zinc content and uptake in roots. However, foliar application with the same concentration of ZnO nanoparticles significantly increased zinc content and uptake in leaves. Seed treatment and foliar application of ZnO nanoparticles did not show any significant change in the soil properties such as EC, pH, OC and DTPA-Zn over its initial value. The overall finding suggested that nanoparticles of ZnO proved effective in increasing seed germination, seedling vigour, plant growth, chlorophyll content, pod yield, stem and root growth. In present experiment the pod yield and kernel yield were recorded higher in case of 500 ppm nano ZnO as compared to 1000 ppm and 2000 ppm nano ZnO. The inhibitory effect with higher nanoparticle concentration (2000 ppm) reveals the need for judicious usage of these particles in such applications.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES ON GERMINATION, GROWTH AND YIELD OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.)
    (AAU, Anand, 2017) PANKAJ KUMAR TIWARI; Dr. K. P. Patel
    The present investigation was undertaken to investigate the effect of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on seed germination, growth and yield of maize. The study included four sequential experiments: (1) synthesis and characterization of ZnO NPs; (2) effect of different concentrations of ZnO NPs on germination of maize seeds; (3) effect of seed treatment with ZnO NPs on growth and yield of maize; and (4) effect of foliar application of ZnO NPs on growth and yield of maize under microplot conditions. In first experiment, ZnO NPs were synthesized, using oxalate decomposition method and characterized by XRD, TEM, SEM, DLS, TGA and UV-vis spectroscopy analysis. The instrumental analysis results clearly indicated that synthesized ZnO NPs were of 65 nm particle size, nanorods, monodispersed, highly pure, and stable. The particle size estimated by XRD and DLS were in good agreement with TEM, SEM and UV-Vis spectroscopy results. Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) results confirmed the calcination temperature as more than 400 °C. Synthesized ZnO NPs were tested for their efficacy for seed treatment of maize in second experiment where in 3 levels each of ZnO NPs and bulk ZnO concentration (500 ppm, 1000 ppm and 2000 ppm) along with ZnO slurry were repeated thrice in completely randomized design (CRD). Seed germination test was carried out by paper towel method of seed incubation for 9 days following standard protocol. Soaking time for maize seeds with different Zn treatment was optimized at 2 hrs as there was no significant difference from 4 hrs soaking with respect to seed vigour. Results revealed that ZnO NPs at 1000 ppm concentration significantly increased seed germination, root length and seedling vigour index over no Zn. However, higher concentration of ZnO nanoparticles i.e. 2000 ppm reduced the root length and seed vigour. Abstract ii Consequently, microplot study was conducted during Rabi and repeated during summer seasons of the year 2015–2016 with 8 seed Zn treatments: no Zn; 500, 1000, 2000 ppm concentrations each of ZnO NPs and bulk ZnO, and ZnO slurry replicated three times in CRD. Results of this experiment indicated that seed treatment with ZnO NPs at 1000 ppm registered the highest grain, stover, and dry matter yield of maize. Further, seed treatment with ZnO NPs either at 1000 and 2000 ppm recorded the highest and statistically at par enhancement in grain, stover and root Zn concentrations. Zinc uptake, partitioning and accumulation factor results corroborated the higher Zn accumulation in grain. However, higher concentration of ZnO NPs caused detrimental effect on germination and yield of maize. Important soil properties viz. pH, EC, OC (%) and DTPA-extractable micronutrients contents were not affected significantly by any of seed Zn treatments. The effect of foliar application of three levels ZnO NPs (500, 1000, 2000 ppm) along with corresponding concentrations of bulk ZnO and 0.5% ZnSO4 on maize was investigated under microplot conditions for two consecutive seasons. Results suggested that two foliar application of ZnO NPs to maize at 30 and 45 days of sowing proved to be significantly superior in enhancing grain, stover and dry matter yield of maize, grain, stover and root Zn concentration and uptake by maize, however, the results were at par with 2000 ppm ZnO NPs. Like seed treatment experiment, ZnO NPs application did not show any significant change in soil properties like pH, EC, OC (%) and DTPA-Zn. The overall finding suggested that seed treatment with ZnO NPs at 1000 ppm proved effective in increasing seed germination, seedling length, seedling vigour, plant growth, grain, stover, dry matter yield, grain Zn concentration of maize. yield, stem and root growth. If applied foliarly, ZnO NPs at 1000 ppm registered significantly enhanced grain yield, Zn content and uptake by maize crop however, higher dose i.e. 2000 ppm proved statistically at par. Thus, use of ZnO NPs at 1000 ppm was found beneficial in increasing growth parameters and yield of maize over traditional application through ZnSO4. However, the delivery mechanism may be improved upon to avoid health hazards, if any due to the use of nanoparticles.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDY ON NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS AS INFLUENCED BY DIFFERENT ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS UNDER GROUNDNUT-WHEAT CROPPING SEQUENCE ON TYPIC USTOCHREPTS
    (AAU, Anand, 2016) KULKARNI MANOJ VINAY; Dr. K. C. Patel
    The experiment was undertaken to study the effect of organic and inorganic treatments on yield, nutrients removal by crops and distribution of N, P and K fractions in soil under groundnut (cv. GG-20)-wheat (cv. GW-496) cropping sequence. In all, six treatments were studied comprising of three organics treatments viz. T1: 75% N (FYM) + 25% N (Vermicompost), T2: 50% N (FYM) + 50% N (Castor Cake),T3: 50% N (FYM) + 25% N (VC.) + Azotobactor/Rhizobium + PSB (Seed treatment (ST)) and three inorganic treatments viz. T4: NPK as per soil test value (STV), T5: RDF + 5 t FYM ha-1, T6: RDF + ZnSO4/Gypsum, which were applied to both the crops under factorial randomized block design keeping four replications. The study was undertaken by utilizing on-going long term experiment on continuous cropping at AAU, Anand which commenced in 2006. The soil, plant and grain samples of year 2013 and 2014 were analysed for major nutrients and micronutrients concentration besides distribution of fractions of major nutrients in soil and their uptake were worked out. However, the data and related information of the year 2006 were utilized for comparison from the reports in the study. The application of 50 % N (FYM) + 25 % N (V.C.) + Rhizobium + PSB (ST) (T3) had significant effect on haulm yield of groundnut whereas wheat grain yield was significantly increased due to application of RDF-NPK as per STV (T4) over organic treatments viz., 75 % N (FYM) + 25 % N (V.C.) (T1) and 50 % N (FYM) + 25 % N (V.C.) + Azatobacter + PSB (ST) (T3) and it was increased by 21.44 and 13.11 per cent, respectively. The increase in growth and yield attributes in groundnut were due to organic treatments though they were not significant, whereas in wheat, the increase was due to inorganic treatments and application of RDF-NPK as per STV (T4) was found to significantly increase test weight, whereas the continuous application of organics improved quality parameters like oil content in groundnut kernel and protein content in wheat grain. There was no enhancement in major and micronutrient content in groundnut pod and haulm except N content in pod which was significantly higher due to application of 50% N (FYM) + 25% N (VC.) + Azotobactor/Rhizobium + PSB (Seed treatment (ST)) (T3) and P, Fe and Zn content in haulm which were significantly higher due to T1, T5 and T6 treatments, respectively. Similar results were found in wheat grain and straw content, where N content in wheat grain was the highest due to 75 % N (FYM) + 25 % N (V.C.) (T1), and S content due to RDF + 5 t FYM ha-1 (T5) treatments. Application of 50% N (FYM) + 25% N (VC.) + Azotobactor/Rhizobium + PSB (Seed treatment (ST)) (T3) treatment significantly increased N uptake in groundnut pod but N uptake in groundnut haulm was significantly higher due to RDF + ZnSO4/Gypsum (T6) treatment than 75 % N (FYM) + 25 % N (V.C.) (T1) and RDF-NPK as per STV (T4) treatments. The inorganic fertilizer application significantly increased Fe uptake by haulm to the tune of 9.8 per cent over organics and 6.8 per cent increase was observed due to organics treatments in case of Zn uptake by haulm over inorganic treatments. The inorganic treatments significantly increased P, K, S, Mn and Cu uptake by wheat grain to the tune of 9.7, 12.0, 10.5, 11.5 and 14 per cent, respectively and only S and Cu uptake by wheat straw was 9.0 and 25.0 per cent, over organics. The RDF + ZnSO4/Gypsum (T6) treatment significantly increased P and S uptake by wheat grain, RDF-NPK as per STV (T4) treatment significantly increase Mn uptake by both grain and straw. The application of RDF + 5 t FYM ha-1 (T5) treatment increased available N in soil after wheat, but 50% N (FYM) + 50% N (Castor Cake) (T2) treatment significantly increased Fe in soil after groundnut and organic carbon content of soil after wheat harvest. The application of organics proved to be significantly higher than inorganic fertilizer application in case of available N, P2O5, K2O, Fe, Mn and organic carbon in soil, it also decreased EC and BD of soil and increased WHC. Amongst different fractions, the application of 50% N (FYM) + 50% N (Castor Cake) (T2) proved significanlty higher in the fractions of N viz. NO3-N and NH4-N, fractions of P viz. Al-P, Ca-P, reductant-P, inorganic-P, organic P and total-P and fractions of K viz. exch.-K and tota-K. There was positive depletion in available-N, Fe-P, Al-P and all K fractions except exchangeable-K. Maximum depletion of 12.58 per cent was observed in WS-K followed by total-K (9.64 %) due to application of RDF + ZnSO4/Gypsum (T6) treatment. Organic application not only improved nutrient availability but also stabilized there soil dynamics except in K fractions. The study indicated that application of 50% N (FYM) + 50% N (Castor Cake) (T2) proved to be better in balancing soil fractions. The use of organics improved groundnut haulm yield and availability of nutrients in soil. From the forgoing results, it could be concluded that to get the higher yields under groundnut – wheat sequence, nutrient supply through organics source alone not proved better over inorganics source but integrated nutrient source recorded higher yield. But the application of organics improved the nutrients uptake, quality of both crops; and physical properties, organic C status and also enriched organic-N & P and residual-K in soil which might help in maintaining soil health in sustainable manner.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF MANURIAL QUALITIES OF WATER HYACINTH COMPOST ON YIELD AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) AND IT’S RESIDUAL EFFECT ON FODDER SORGHUM (Sorghum bicolor L.)
    (AAU, Anand, 2016) KARAD GAURAV UTTAMRAO; Dr. V. R. Bhatt
    The experiment was conducted during kharif and summer season of the years 2014-15 and 2015-16 in Net house, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, B.A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat. The present investigation was under taken to study the “Comparative evaluation of manurial qualities of water hyacinth compost on yield and chemical composition of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its residual effect on fodder sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)”. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design with twenty treatments of water hyacinth composts, FYM and vermicompost ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………………………..Abstract ii combinations of RDF with and without zinc and multi-micronutrient mixture grade-V (MMMG-V) which were replicated three times. Application of RDF + Water hyacinth compost with saw dust @ 5 t ha-1 + Zn @ 5 ppm increase grain (20.82 g pot-1), straw (23.48 g pot-1) and total yield (44.30 g pot-1), which was at par with application of RDF + Water hyacinth compost with saw dust @ 5 t ha-1 + MMMG-V @ 25 kg ha-1, RDF + Water hyacinth compost @ 5 t ha-1 + Zn @ 5 ppm and RDF + FYM @ 10 t ha-1 + Zn @ 5 ppm, these four treatments clearly indicated that the efficiency of water hyacinth composts with and without saw dust in combination with 5 ppm Zn and recommended dose of fertilizers was proved as good as FYM 10t ha-1 with Zn and recommended dose of fertilizers, it could also be inferred that treatments comprised of water hyacinth composts, FYM, Zn and MMMG-V gave response, this could be because of deficient level of available zinc and lower organic carbon content of the soil. The highest fodder sorghum green (194.5 g pot-1) and dry (44.73 g pot-1) matter yield were recorded under RDF + Water hyacinth compost with saw dust @ 5 t ha-1 + MMMG-V @ 25 kg ha-1, Due to the decomposition of organic manure, an additional nitrogen as and micronutrients added to the soil which could have increased the green and dry matter yield of fodder sorghum. So, water hyacinth composts and FYM application showed residual effects on the green dry matter yield of sorghum while vermicompost application did not show residual effect on the sorghum dry matter yield.