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Anand Agricultural University, Anand

Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.

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Subject: Soil Science and Agriculture Chemistry × End date: 2014 × Start date: 2012 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DEGRADATION AND DOWNWARD MOVEMENT OF VARIOUS AGROCHEMICALS IN CLAYEY, SANDY AND SANDY LOAM SOILS
    (AAU, Anand, 2014) LEKSHMI., S; SHAH, P. G.
    An experiment comprising of soil column study and microplot study were conducted based on degradation and downward movement of various agrochemicals in clayey, sandy and sandy loam soils was carried out in Pesticide Residue Laboratory at AINP on Pesticide Residues, Anand Agricultural University, Anand. The soil column study was conducted to see the leaching behavior and depth wise movement of agrochemicals in soil columns for duration of 15 days. The microplot study was carried out to know the dissipation of pesticides in clayey, sandy and sandy loam soils for duration of 60 days. Thi-ee types of soils viz., clayey collected from Navsari (T1), sandy from Dantiwada (T2) and sandy loam from Anand (T3) were used in this study. Soil columns were prepared to scmtinize the downward movement of agrochemicals in soil. Soil columns were wetted to their maximum water holding capacity by applying aqueous solution of 0.01 M CaCl2 and fortified with pesticides @ of 10µg g-1 on soil basis from the formulations on the top of the column. Each column was inigated @ 100 m L of aqueous solution of 0.01 M CaCl2 per day until the end of the experiment (15 days). Leachates collected after 5th, 10th and 15th day was analysed for agrochemical residues. The residue concentration in the leachate after leaching the soil column for 6 to 10 days was higher compared to the leachate collected during 0 to 5 and 11 to 15 days in clayey, sandy and sandy loam soils, The highest residue concentration was obtained in the leacliate collected from sandy soil which was followed by sandy loam and clayey soil. Soil columns were cut and soils at different depths Dl (0-6 cm), D2 (6-12 cm), D3 (12-18 cm), D4 (18-24 cm) and D5 (24-30 cm) were dried under shade and analyzed for agrochemical residues. The considerable amount of residue concentration of agrochemicals were obtained in all depths from Dl to D5 in clayey, sandy and sandy loam soil in the case of third and fourth group of agrochemicals. But for the first and second group of agrochemicals the depth wise distribution of residue concentration of agrochemicals in clayey, sandy and sandy loam soil was observed to be below determination level (BDL). The residue concentration of agrochemicals were mainly confirmed in the top soil layer in the case of clayey soil whereas in sandy and sandy loam soil, the depth wise distribution of agrochemicals found to be increasing as deptli increases. The depth wise residue retention found to be higher in clayey soil followed by sandy loam and sandy soil. This promotes the higher agrochemical residue concentration in the leachate obtained from sandy soil followed by sandy loam soil. The above results revealed the fact that the sandy soil possesses the highest leaching potential followed by sandy loam and clayey soil. In order to study the dissipation of applied pesticides from clayey, sandy and sandy loam soils a microplot study was conducted for duration of 60 days. Twelve microplots each of size 60x60 cm with a depth of 60 cm was considered in the experiment. A representative 300 kg bulk soil was taken and fortified at concerned level (10 times the recommended dose) by spraying of pesticide formulation. Samples taken at 0, 1,3,5,10,20, 30 and 60 days were analyzed for pesticide residues. The highest concentration of most of the pesticides was observed till 60 days in clayey soil. The samples of sandy loam soil indicated appreciable pesticide residue concentration up to 20 days whereas in sandy soil pesticide residue concentration was observed only up to 10 days. The lower content of organic matter might contribute to the faster rate of dissipation of pesticides from sandy soil thus resulting in lesser rate of adsorption of chemicals to sandy soil particles.