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Anand Agricultural University, Anand

Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.

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Subject: Nematology × Start date: 1995 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON NATIVE ISOLATES OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES AGAINST Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) AND Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)
    (DEPARTMENT OF NEMATOLOGY B. A. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ANAND, 2021) Prajapati Maitri Rajeshkumar; Dr. Ajay Kumar Maru
    The studies on native isolates of entomopathogenic nematodes against Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera frugiperda were carried out in the Department of Nematology, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand (Gujarat) during Kharif and Rabi 2020-21. A total, 103 soil samples were collected from different habitats, viz., fruit crops, field crops and fallow land of the AAU campus, Anand. Out of these, three were found positive and collected from three different locations, i.e., Horticultural farm (Mango), Veterinary College Garden and International Agri-Business Management College. The frequency of occurrence of these nematodes was 2.9 per cent and they belonged to the genus Steinernema. Nematode cultures from different locations were considered isolates and designated Steinernema sp. (AAU St-1), Steinernema sp. (AAU St-2) and Steinernema sp. (AAU St-3). Among three, Steinernema sp. (AAU St-1) was successfully maintained under laboratory conditions. Based on the morphometrics, Steinernema sp. (AAU St-1) was found similar to Steinernema ritteri.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES (Meloidogyne spp.) ON INDIAN BEAN (Lablab purpureus L.)
    (DEPARTMENT OF NEMATOLOGY B. A. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ANAND, 2021) Patel Himadri S.; Dr. Tulika Singh
    Studies pertaining to root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp. on Indian bean with respect to i) Pathogenicity of Meloidogyne spp. on Indian bean to determine economic threshold level, ii) Screening of Indian bean germplasm/varieties against Meloidogyne spp., iii) Management of root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp. in Indian bean using bio-agents under pot condition and iv) Management of root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp. in Indian bean using chemicals under field condition were carried out at Department of Nematology, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat during the year 2020-21.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON ROOT- KNOT NEMATODES (Meloidogyne spp.) IN PAPAYA (Carica papaya Linn.)
    (DEPARTMENT OF NEMATOLOGY B. A. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ANAND, 2019) NESALBEN ASHVINKUMAR PATEL; DR. BHAGABHAI A. PATEL
    Studies on root-knot nematodes in papaya with respect to i. Pathogenicity of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica on papaya to determine economic threshold level ii. Screening of papaya genotypes/varieties against Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica iii. Management of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) using different chemicals in papaya in nursery conditions and iv. Management of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) using different bio-agents in papaya in nursery conditions were carried out at Department of Nematology, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES (MELOIDOGYNE spp.) ON RUSTICA TOBACCO
    (Department of Nematology B. A. College of Agriculture Anand Agricultural University Anand, 2018) Tank Nomankhan Arshadhusen; Dr. H. R. Patel
    The present investigation entitled Effect of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) on rustica tobacco was carried out at Bidi Tobacco Research Station (BTRS), Anand Agricultural University, Anand 388 110, Gujarat, India with a view to generate the information on : 1. Pathogenicity of root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica on rustica tobacco 2. Screening of rustica tobacco varieties/germplasm/promising lines against root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) 3. Host range of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). The results obtained on different aspects are as under.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INVESTIGATIONS ON EFFECT OF ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES (Meloidogyne spp.) ON OKRA (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench)
    (Department of Nematology B. A. College of Agriculture Anand Agricultural University Anand, 2017) Bharat N. Chaudhary; Dr. Ashok D. Patel
    Investigations pertaining to the effect of root-knot nematodes on okra with respect to i. Survey of okra growing areas to know association of various nematodes ii. Screening of okra genotypes against Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogyne javanica iii. Yield loss in okra due to root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) iv. Pathogenicity of Meloidogyne incognita to determine threshold level and v. Management of root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp. using different bio-agents under field condition were carried out at Department of Nematology, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    IMPACT OF CROP ROTATIONS IN BIDI TOBACCO BASED CROPPING PATTERN ON CROP YIELD, NEMATODES AND SOIL MICROBES
    (Department of Nematology B. A. College of Agriculture Anand Agricultural University Anand, 2017) Panchal Riddhi M.; Dr. H. R. Patel
    The present investigation entitled Impact of Crop Rotations in Bidi Tobacco based Cropping Pattern on Crop Yield, Nematodes and Soil Microbes was conducted at Bidi Tobacco Research Station, Anand Agricultural University, Anand to study the effect of crop rotations on (1) crop yield, root-knot disease and nematodes (2) population dynamics of nematodes (3) community analysis of nematodes and (4) soil microbes. Impact of crop rotations in
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE, MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA, PATHOTYPE 2, ON FENNEL
    (AAU, Anand, 1995) Patel, Pankajkumar B.; Patel, D. J.
    Experiments on root-knot nematode,. Meloidogyne javanica , Pathotype 2 affecting fennel were conducted to study i, Pathogenicity of M. javanica , Pathotype 2 to determine threshold level in terms of plant growth characters and uptake of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S nutrients by plants, ii, biochemical changes induced by nematode infection in the crop, ill, histopathological studies to know host-parasite relationship and iv, effect of nematode infection on seed germination, plant growth and crop yield during 1994-95. The salient findings are : i, An inoculum level of 100 J2/plant and above was detrimental to the growth and development of fennel cv. PF 35. Root, soil and total nematode population/plant significantly increased progressively with an increase in nematode population from 10 to 10,000 J2/plant. Nematode reproduction rate was maximum (76.70) in the level of 10 J2/plant and minimum (3.22) in 10,000 J2/plant. ii, Biochemical changes induced by nematode feeding on fennel roots indicated that roots inoculated with 10, 100, 1,000, 5,000 and 10,000 J2/plant had significantly less peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase and total phenol content over control-uninoculated plant roots. ill, Histopathological studies revealed that after invasion, second stage larvae penetrated the epidermal cells and migrated both inter and intracellularly and anchored to the vascular tissues. Giant cells consisted of uneven thickened, unbroken walls, dense cytoplasm and clusters of nuclei. Pathological reaction included abnormal xylem located in the vascular tissues. All nematode stages were found inside the root tissues feeding on vascular region. The healthy tissue showed no change in epidermal cells and cortex region of roots, iv, Study on effect of M. .iavanica. Pathotype 2 on seed germination and plant growth development and root-knot index on fennel cv. PF 35 indicated that nematode infested soil significantly reduced fennel seed germination, plant height, fresh shoot and root weights by 12.30, 29.60, 3.98 and 17.09 % respectively over control-steam sterilized soil. Infested soil had 116.30 % increased root-knot index over control. V, Inoculation of M. javanica, Pathotype 2 at 2000 J2/kg soil significantly decreased plant height and grain yield of fennel cv. PF 35 by 19.83 and 26.51% respectively, while root-knot index and reproduction rate were significantly increased by 59.01 and 58.88 % respectively over control-steam sterilized soil. vi, Application of Dazoraet (Basamid 98 G @ 1 g/pot) significantly increased plant height and grain yield of fennel cv. PF 35 by 18.61 and 36.09 % respectively and root-knot index has significantly, reduced by 59.01 % due to Dazomet application over control-no nematicidal treatment.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE, Meloidogyne javanica (Pathotype 2) ON GROUNDNUT cv. GG 20
    (AAU, Anand, 1998) Patel, Somabhai Keshavlal; Patel, D. J.
    The experiments on root-knot nematode, MeloidoQ/ne javanica (Pathotype 2), attacking groundnut cv. GG 20 were conducted with respect to i. pathogenicity of root-knot nematode, M. javanicapt.2 on groundnut cv. GG 20 to determine threshold level in terms of plant growth character and nematode reproduction; ii. effect of M. javanica pt 2 on uptake of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S nutrients by plant; iii. effect of M. javanica pt. 2 infection on meteorological parameters viz., leaf temperature, diffusion resistance and transpiration rate in groundnut; iv. histopathological studies to know host-parasite relationship in groundnut; v. biochemical changes induced by M. javanica pt 2 infection in groundnut; vi, effect of interaction between M. javanica pt 2 and Aspergillus niger on groundnut; vii. effect of interaction between M. javanica pt.2 and Rhizobium sp. on groundnut and viii. determination of avoidable yield losses due to M. javanica pt2 on groundnut in pots as well as field, during kharif, 1996 through kharif 1997. The saHent findings are as under : i) An inoculiun level of 100 M. javanica pt2 J2 and above/plant proved detrimental to the growth and development of groundnut cv. GG 20. The nematode population significantly increased progressively with an increase in nematode inoculum levels from 10 to 10,000 M. javanica pt.2 J2 /plant. Nematode reproduction rate was maximum of 4801.0 times in the level of 10 J2 /plant while it was minimum of 10.7 times in the highest level of 10,000 J2 /plant. ii) Uptake of various nutrients viz., N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S by groundnut cv. GG 20 was significantly reduced with an increase in inoculum levels from 10 to 10,000 J2 /plant Control plants had significantly more uptake of all the nutrients over other treatments of various nutrients, uptake of N, K and Mg was much more reduced by M javanica pt.2 infection than P, Ca and S nutrients. iii) Infection of M. javanica pt 2 induced significant increase in leaf temperature and diffusion resistance with proportionately decrease in transpiration rate with an increase in nematode inoculum levels in groundnut cv. GG 20. iv) Histopathological and cytological studies revealed that after root invasion, nematodes penetrated epidermal cells and migrated both inter and intra cellularly reaching to cortex region and anchored adjacent to the vascular tissues resulting in rupturing and degeneration of epidermic cells and cortical layers of roots. All different nematode stages were found inside infected root tissues feeding on vascular portion, while no abnormalities of root tissues were observed in healthy roots. Infected tissues exhibited hypertrophy. uneven thickening of cell walls and granular protoplasm with enlarged nuclei and nucleoli. Multinucleate condition of giant cells was also observed. v) Studies on biochemical changes induced by M javanica pt.2 indicated that roots inoculated with 10, 100, 1,000 and 10,000 J2 /plant had progressively more peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities and total phenol contents. These activities increased progressively with an increase in nematode inoculum levels over uninoculated control roots. Chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll contents also decreased due to increase in M.javanica pt2 infection levels. vi) Study on interaction between M javanica pl2 and Aspergillus niger indicated neutral type of effects for plant growth diaracters. When both the pathogens inoculated simultaneously, there was more depressing effects on plant growth and development than that of fungus inoculation alone. Thus, nematode inoculation @ 1,000 and 2,000 J2 /plant played a vital role in predisposing host roots to the attack and aggravation of A. niger fungus on groundnut cv. GG 20. vii) Study conducted on interaction between M javanica pt 2 and Rhizobhun sp. revealed that the presence of M. javanica pt 2 significantly recfaiced number of nodules/plant over Rhizobiiun alone and control treatments. This clearly indicated that M. javanica pt.2 infection adversely affected N fixation by Rhizobium bacteria on groundnut cv. GG 20. viii) Application of Phenamiphos @ 2 kg/ha and Dazomet @ 400 kg/ha significantly increeised plant height, fresh and dry shoot weights over control in pots. Phenamiphos was more effective than Dazomet. However, fresh and dry root weights were more in control (untreated) plants due to heavy root galling and egg sac formation on roots. RKI was minimum in Phenamiphos followed by Dazomet treatment. Nematode reproduction rate was maximum of 37.1 times in control (untreated) plants while it was minimum of 2.2 times and 2.7 times in Phenamiprfios and Dazomet treatments, respectively. Thus, it is concluded that nematicides Phenamiphos and Dazomet proved very effective in management of M. javanica pt.2. ix) Under field condition, soil application of Phenamiphos @ 2 kg/ha under the crop row at the time of seeding effectively increased dry pod and fodder yields by 42.6 and 25.7% with reduction in RKI and final nematode population by 60.7 and 63.7% respectively, incurring 30.0 and 20.4% yield loss with monetary loss of Rs. 5025=00 and Rs. 1375=00 in dry pod and fodder yields of groundnut cv. GG 20 respectively over control.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUNT NEMATODE, Tylenchorhynchus vulgaris, UPADHYAY et al., 1972, ON MAIZE
    (AAU, Anand, 1997) Singh, Uma Shankar; PATEL, D. J.
    The experiments on stunt nematode, Tylenchorhynchus vulgaris, affecting maize were conducted to study i, pathogenicity of stunt nematode, T. vulgaris, on maize cv. Farm Sameri to determine threshold level in terms of plant growth characters, nematode reproduction and uptake of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S nutrients by plant; ii, biochemical changes induced by nematode infection in crop; iii, histopathological studies to know host-parasite relationship in crop; iv, effect of meteorological parameters viz. leaf temperature, diffusion resistance and transpiration rate due to stunt nematode, T.vulgaris, infection in maize cv. Farm Sameri; v, effect of stunt nematode, T.vulgaris, infection on seed germination, seedling emergence, plant growth development and nematode reproduction on maize cv. Farm Sameri in pots; vi, estimation of avoidable yield losses due to stunt nematode, T.vulgaris, in maize in pots as well as field; vii, interaction between stunt nematode, T. vulgaris and stalk rot fungus, Fusarium moniliforme, on maize cv. Farm Sameri and viii, evaluation of different maize varieties / hybrids for source (s) of resistance against stunt nematode, T. vulgaris, during 1994-95 and 1995-96. The salient findings are as under : i. An inoculum level of 1000 nematodes and above / plant proved detrimental to the growth and development of maize cv. Farm Sameri (FS). The nematode population / plant significantly increased progressively with an increase in nematode inoculum from 10 to 10,000 nematodes / plant. Nematode reproduction rate was maximum (61.7 times) in the level of 10 nematodes / plant and minimum (7.2 times) in 10,000 nematodes / plant. Uptake of various nutrients viz. N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S by maize cv. FS significantly reduced with an increase in inoculum levels from 100 to 10,000 nematodes / plant. Control plants had significantly more uptake of all the nutrients over other treatments. ii. Biochemical changes induced by stunt nematode feeding on maize roots indicated that roots inoculated with 10, 100, 1,000, 2,000, 5,000 and 10,000 nematodes / plant had progressively more peroxidase and total phenol contents, whereas polyphenol oxidase proportionately decreased with an increase in nematode inoculum levels over control (uninoculated) roots, Histopathological studies revealed that after root invasion, nematodes penetrated epidermal root cells. Due to migratory ectoparasitic feeding habit, the only apparent damage to roots due to nematode feeding was disarrangement of organisation of root cap cells. A collapse of some epidermal cells was also noticed. Roots attacked by nematodes generally appeared darken than roots from sterilized soil. No nematodes were observed inside root tissues. Observations recorded on meteorological parameters revealed that infection of T.vulgaris caused significant increase in leaf temperature and diffusion resistance with proportionately decrease in transpiration rate with an increase in nematode inoculum levels in maize cv. FS, Study on effect of stunt nematodes on seed germination, overall plant growth development, leaf chlorophyll contents and nematode reproduction on maize cv. FS indicated that there was no significant difference in seed germination at 15th day of seeding but sprouting of seeds was delayed in nematode infested soils over uninfested steam sterilized soils even after 7 days of seeding.