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Anand Agricultural University, Anand

Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.

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1980 - 198971990 - 199917
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Subject: Agricultural Entomology × End date: 1999 × Start date: 1980 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 24
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON CHEMICAL CONTROL OF THE PEST COMPLEX OF SORGHUM WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SHOOTFLY AND STEM BORER
    (AAU, Anand, 1981) PATEL, JITENDRA R.; JOTWANI, M. G.
    Abstract not Available
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ECOMOMIC THRESHOLD OF INSECTICIDAL SPRAYINGS AGAINST BOLLWORMS (Heliothis armigera (Hb.) and Earias spp.) ON HYBRID-4 COTTON AT ANAND. (Comparison of need-based and calendar-based treatments)
    (AAU, Anand, 1980) Mulchandani, Lachmandas Nassanand; Patel, H. K.
    In a split plot designed experiment carried out during the years 1977-78 and 1978-79 the three treatment levels (damage thresholds) of 10, 15 and 20 percent bollworm damage to fruiting bodies of selected size-group (from full grown squares to young bolls) were evaluated on calendar-based and need-based schedules for their effects on yield, number of undamaged bolls, bollworm damage to retained bolls and loculi, shedding of fruiting bodies, and earliness in maturity. The applications of carbaryl 0.25 percent + DDT 0.25 percent mixture at 10 and 15 percent treatment levels were found to be equally effective in giving a maximum yield of (good seed cotton) when they were continued on need basis (Average 3506 and 3117 kg/ha at 10 and 15 percent levels respectively) and weekly basis (Average 3852 and 3409 kg/ha at 10 and 15 percent levels respectively). Amongst three frequencies of application under fixed schedules, the weekly-based frequency of application was the best.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIOLOGY, POPULATION DYNAMICS AND CONTROL OF HELIOTHIS ARMIGERA HUBNER ON IMPORTANT HOST CROPS IN MIDDLE GUJARAT
    (AAU, Anand, 1993) Mehta, D. M.; Patel, J. R.
    Investigations on biology, population dynamics and control of H. armigera on important host crops were carried out during 1990-91 and 1991-92 at the Department of Entomology, Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand Campus, Anand. The effect of larval food was not observed on egg period but larval period was affected. The larval period was shortest on lucerne (Medicaso sativa L.) leaves and longest on chickpea (Cicer arientinum L.) leaves. The maximum and minimum larval survival for both the sexes was . on chickpea pods and chickpea leaves respectively. it was reflected on growth index. The pupal duration on chickpea pods was short. The pupae obtained by rearing the H. armigera larvae on lucerne leaves and chickpea pods were big in size and pupation was very shallow. The adults obtained from lucerne leaves had long oviposition period and high fecundity. The life span for both the sexes was longest onchickpea leaves followed by tomato fruits, pigeonpea pods, tomato leaves, chickpea pods and lucerne leaves. The studies on population dynamics of H. armigera on various crops, weeds, medicinal and ornamental plants revealed ovipositional and larval activity during July to April. The correlation of various abiotic factors with U- armigera activity on pigeonpea showed negative correlation between egg density and soil temperature. Negative and positive association of minimum temperature, vapour pressure and soil temperature was observed with oviposition on tomato and lucerne, respectivly. On pigeonpea and chickpea larval activity was more influenced by soil temperature, whereas, on lucerne minimum temperature, vapour pressure, and soil temperature influence was observed. Considerable activity of an egg parasitoid Trichogramma spp. was found in the fields of tomato, tobacco and pigeonpea in middle Gujarat during October to December. Preliminary studies on resistance in 21 genotypes and 3 local cultivars of tomato to H. armigera revealed low damage to unriped fruits of Karnataka and Mangala and riped fruits of SL 120, F24C8 and Piersol. Karnataka and Mangala had higher marketable fruit yield than others. The degree of fruit damage by H. armigera was positively related with total soluble sugar and negatively with ascorbic acid. Low ovicidal and high ovipositional deterrent effect of neem seed kernel suspension and margoside was found against H. armigera. The spray application of these two botanicals alone as well as combinations with endosulfan at lower concentration gave effective protection to tomato fruits by preventing the larval activity of H. armigera and gave considerably higher marketable fruit yield. The spray application of neem seed kernel suspension with endosulfan had highest increase in yield and avoided 69.33% loss in marketable fruit yield. The residue of endosulfan in/on tomato fruits was quite below the tolerance limit prescribed by FAO/WHO when tomato crop was sprayed with a mixture of endosulfan 0.035% and neem seed kernel suspension (3%). Among the various recommended insecticides, fenvalerate (0.01%) showed quick and high toxicity to H. armigera larvae. The larvae fed on lucerne had higher susceptibility to all the recommended insecticides than the larvae fed on pigeonpea and chickpea.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIOLOGY AND CONTROL MEASURES OF BROWN SCALE, SAISSETIA COFFEAE WALKER ( HOMOPTERA : COCCIDAE) ON POINTED GOURD (TRICHOSANTHES DIOICA ROXB.)
    (AAU, Anand, 1986) VALAND, VITTHALBHAI M.; Patel, R. C.
    The biology and control measures of brown scale, Saissatia coffeae Wlk. (Homoptera : Coccidae) on pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.) were studied. This scale is recorded for the first time as pest on pointed gourd on vines, leaves and at times on fruits in Gujarat State. It reproduces partnenogenetically and completes development through three instars. The eggs measured 0.212 ± 0.0096 mm. In length and 0.119 ± 0.006 mm. In breadth. The first, second and third instar measured on an average 0.31 ± 0.02, 1.521 ± 0.091 and 3.021 ± 0.144 mm. In length and 0.18 ± 0.1, 1.126 ± 0.101 and 2.427 ± 0.225 mm. in length and 2.093 ± 0.187 mm. In breadth. Maximum incubation period of eggs at 60% relative humidity and 24°C was 12.91 days.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON BIOMETRICAL ANALYSIS, GROWTH AND LIFE TABLES OF Heliothis armigera Hubner (LEPIDOPTERA : NOCTUIDAE) ON DIFFERENT HOSTS
    (AAU, Anand, 1984) Koshiya, Durlabhbhai Jivrajbhai; Patel, H. K.
    Investigations on biometrical analysis, growth and life tables of Heliothis armigera Hubner on different hosts via,, chickpea, cotton, groundnut, tobacco and wheat were carried out during 1980 to 1983 at the Department of Entomology, B.A.College of Agriculture, Anand either in Laboratory or under field conditions, Studies on biometrical analysis were carried out to test the applicability of Dyar's law to the larvae of H. arimigera, when reared on different hosts. The measurements of head capsule width (mm) of the larvae fall into five well defined groups, when the larvae were fed on chickpea, cotton, tobacco and wheat,whereas six distinct groups were recognised on groundnut at a constant temperature of 26 ± 1°c.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Bioecological studies on Geocoris ochropterus Fieber (Hemiptera : Lygaeidae) , an important predator in cotton ecosystem
    (AAU, Anand, 1996) SHARMA, URMILA; Yadav, D. N.
    Bioecological studies on the big eyed bug, Geocoris ochropterus Fieber, an drnportant predator in the cotton ecosystem, were made during 1994-95 and 1995-96 seasons at the Anand Campus of Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand. Biological observations revealed that the predator laid yellowish white eggs singly on the plant parts which took 8.33 ± 0.27 days at varying temperature of 29.62 ± 0.38 to 30.36 ± 0.12°C, RH 84.26 + 1.25 % and L : D, 12:12 to hatch. Maximum hatching (82 %) was observed when the temperature tanged between 21.61 ± 0.23 to 23.5 + 0.76°C and RH 71.03 + 2.38 %. The predator passed through five nyraphal instars. The duration of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth instar was 5.5 + ©.22, 5.6 ± 0 . 20 , 5.6 + 0.20, 5.9 + 0.33 and 9.25 ± 0.23 days respectively. Total nymphal duration was 29.7 + 1.43 days. Nymphal mortality was high in the fifth instar (39.21 % ). Sexes can be differentiated from their size. Males are usually smaller. The sex ratio in the laboratory population and field population was 1:1.10 (male : female) and 1.29 :1 (male : female) respectively. Mating accomplished easily and lasted for 15m to 4h in the laboratory. The preoviposition, oviposition and postoviposition periods averaged 3.4 ± 0.47, 19.2 ± 2.84 and 3.6 ± 0.69 days respectively of the mated female. Fecundity, when reared on A. gossypii averaged 42.4 + 5.09 eggs. The daily rate of oviposition of laboratory reared female was 1.21 eggs/day and that of field collected female was 0.91 eggs/day. Daily rate of oviposition was greatly affected (6.2 eggs/day) when the females were fed on eggs of Earias vitirella + cotton leaf. Longevity of male and female was 19.9 ±3.68 and 29.5 ± 3.55 days respectively. The female lived longer when fed on eggs of Spodoptera litura + fresh cotton leaves and A. gossypii nymphs + fresh cotton leaves studies on predatory potential showed that maximum consumption was observed during fifth instar. The nymphs consumed an average 1 05 + 4.33 aphid nymphs before reaching maturity. The male and female consumed on an average 530.28 ± 61.74 and 634.14 ± 71.02 nymphs of A. gossypii respectively in their life span. Further, female of G. ochropterus consumed on an average 32.60 and 19.80 eggs of H. armigera and E. vitiella respectively per day. The predator was found to prey on twenty one species of pests occurring on thirteen crops and two weeds but there were about eight species of plants with which it was not found associated. Cannibalism, phytophagy and necrophagy was also observed. G. ochropterus was found fairly well distributed in cotton growing areas of Gujarat. The predator was found relatively free from natural enemies. Only in one case, egg parasitisation by an unidentified eulophid was recorded. The adult was predated upon by an unidentified reduviid bug and a spider. Insecticides such as Methyl-o-demeton, endosulfan, quinalphos, monocrotophos, fenvalerate and cypermethrin, normally used in cotton were found to have detrimental affect on the natural population of the bug. A large population of G. ochropterus survived and flourished on relay crops like maize and sunnhemp and was able to shift to cotton crop which was sown early. The predator appeared to exhibit habitat preference. In nature the predator occurred in the first fortnight of September during 1994-95 and in the second fortnight of August during 1995-96. The predator population reached its peak during the first fortnight of December. The activity of G. ochropterus was found negatively correlated with relative humidity. They remained active until the crop was removed. Off season survival of the predator was recorded on crops ajid weeds like ratoon cotton, maize, sunnhemp, mungbean, okra, brinjal, potato, summer groundnut, cowpea, Chenopodium album and Gyanandropsis spp. Greater population was observed on ratoon cotton, maize, sunnhemp, okra, brinjal, cowpea and lucerne. Developing effective mass rearing techniques and efficient relay cropping system and other methods to conserve the predator in nature are suggested.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIOECOLOGY, BIOEFFICACY AND RESIDUAL STATUS OF SOME READY MIX INSECTICIDES IN RELATION TO PEST COMPLEX OF OKRA [ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS (LINNAEUS) MOENCH]
    (AAU, Anand, 1997) Shah, Bharat R.; Vyas, H. N.
    Investigations were carried out on the bioecology, bioefficacy and residual status of ready to use insecticides on okra at B.A. College of Agriculture, Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand, during 1995 and 1996. The population dynamics of insect pests viz., aphids, jassids, shoot arid fruit borer as well as the coccinellid predator were studied in relation to abiotic and biotic factors. The aphid count ranged from 0.48 to 63.51 and 0.91 to 49.28 per leaf during 1995 and 1996, respectively. The correlation and regression studies revealed nonsignificant correlations of abiotic factors with aphid population, however the latter showed highly positive correlation with the biotic factor viz., coccinellid predator, M.sexmaculatus during 1995. The activity of the predator increased with the increase in aphid population.The population of coccinellid predators was absent during 1996.The correlation coefficient analysis revealed that the predator population was negatively correlated with morning and evening vapour pressure as well as with mean vapour pressure.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT IN COTTON HYBRID 6
    (AAU, Anand, 1992) Patel, Jagadishchandra Ramchandra; Yadav, D. N.
    Studies were conducted to develop integrated pest management in cotton Hybrid 6 in Middle Gujarat conditions at Anand Campus, of Gujarat Agricultural University during the years 1989-90 and 1990-91. Experiment was laid out in Exploided Block Design with fifteen observations in each treatments. The IPM treatment consists of integration of application of phorate 10 G in soil @ 1 kg a.i. ha, planting of maize/sorghum on the border of cotton plot, spot application of monocrotophos 0.036 per cent against sucking pests of cotton, releases of Trichogramma chilonis Ishii @ 200000/ha and Chrysopa scelestes Bank @ 100000/ha at weekly interval alternately and need base application of triazophos 0.05 per cent were tested and compared with recommended insecticidal control measures and control. The results indicated that the insecticidal treatment on need base had the lowest number of sucking pests viz.. Aphis gossypii, Amrasca biguttulla biguttulla, Thrips tabaci arid Bemisia tabaci throughout the season as compared to IPM and control. In IPM treatment, soil application of phorote 10 G was effective in checking the population of A. gossypli and A. biguttulla biquttulla in early part of the season. Moreover, due to inundative five releases of Chrysopa, these pest could not build up pestiferous population as the mean population of A. gossypii and B. tabaci were 5.72 and 3.58 per lesf in IPM as against 7.22 and 4.77 adult per leaf in control treatment respectively. In IPM treatment, releases of Trichoqramma, Chrysopa and other naturally occurring bioagents viz., Roqas aliqarhensis were effective in checking the population of Earlas vittella as mean damage in square, green bolls, openbolls, locules and shed material was recorded 6.04, 9.05, 16.66, 20,97 and 14,51 per cent as against 12.74, 19.33, 22.83, 30.17 and 27.05 per cent in control treatment respectively. Heliothis population was too meagre to cause any serious damage during both the years. Six species of predators viz., Menochilus sexmaculatus, Brumus sutaralis, Coccinella septempunctata (all coccinellids), Chrysopa scelestes (Chrysopidae) Geocoris bicolor (Lygeidae), Paederus fuscipes (staphylinid) syrphidfly and piredatory spiders were encountered on maize, whereas coccinellids, Chrysopa and predatory spiders were encountered on sorghum planted on the periphary of cotton plots which indicated that a large number of natural enemies was found on the maize than sorghum and most of them happen to be the common predators pests in the cotton ecosystem, the maize served as reservoir for the natural enemies. Therefore, maize surrounding cotton plots is recommended for the conservation of the naturally occurring parasites and predators, thereby allowing them to exert natural control of the cotton pests. From the pooled data, it could be seen that the insecticidal treatment had recorded the highest yield (2063 kg/ha) and was at par with IPM treatment (1648 kg/ha), whereas control treatment had recorded significantly lowest yield (1107 kg/ha). The highest incremental cost benefit ratio (ICBR) was obtained (1:4.07) in IPF: treatment as against (1:2,40) in insecticidal treatment on the basis of pooled data of two years. The correlation coefficient studies indicated highly significant negative correlation between incidence of A. gossypii, A. biguttulla binuttulla, T. tabaci , B. tabaci percentage damage to squares by E. vittella and Meliothis, percentage damage to green bolls , openbolls, locules by E. vittella was yield of seed cotton. This indicated perfect relationship between yield of seed cotton with pest incidence. The pest population has significant effect on reduction of yield. Thus, from the yield, expenditure, conservation of natural enemies and I.C.B,R. view points,it could be concluded that IPM is the realistic approach for better management of the cotton pests and its adoption in large areas will go a longway in reducing pesticidal use in the environment and will help preserving ecology.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON WHITE GRUBS (HOLOTRICHIA SPP.) AND THEIR NATURAL ENEMIES IN GUJARAT
    (AAU, Anand, 1988) PATEL, VIRENDRA G.; Yadav, D. N.
    The studies on biology of three species of white grub viz./ Holotrichia consanguinea Blanch., H. serrata P. and H. fregei Mittel were made at average temperatures of 22.15 to 35.26°C and 58 to 87 per cent RH. In addition to this, their population density and natural enemies were also studied during 1985, 1986 and 1987. The pest was observed to aestivate in its adult stage and emerge during June between 7.45 to 8.00 p.m. after first heavy showers. Their emergence was largely governed by the amount of rainfall. Rainfall of 5 to 50 mm was sufficient to trigger emergence of the adults. The most emergence took place during first fifteen days of the monsoon showers. The adults after emergence fly to the near by host trees such as neem, drumstick and ber, where they mate, feed on leaves and then return to soil before dawn for oviposition. The emerging pattern, feeding, mating and ovipositing behaviour of all the three species was observed to be similar. The difference was only in respect to fecundity, larval duration and adult longevity.