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Anand Agricultural University, Anand

Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.

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1986 - 198811
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Subject: Agricultural Entomology × End date: 1988 × Start date: 1986 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 11
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON CATOPSILIA PYRANTHE LINN. (LEPIDOPTERA: PIERIDAE) A PEST OF SENNA, CASSIA ANGUSTIFOLIA VAHL. IN ANAND (GUJARAT)
    (AAU, Anand, 1987) PATEL, H. M.; Yadav, D. N.
    Captopsilia pyranthe Linn. (Lepidoptera : Pieridae) has been reported as a serious defoliator of a medicinal crop, Senna, Cassia angustifolia Vahl. Studies on its biology, seasonal abundance, natural enemies and chemical control were carried out at Anand Campus of Gujarat Agricultural University during 1983-84 and 1984-85. Biological observations revealed that, the pest lays eggs singly on the foliage which hatch out in two days. It passed through five distinct larval instars to complete its development and duration of each instar was on an average 1.20, 1.12, 1.32, 1.68 and 2.83 days during June (when average minimum and maximum temperatures were 30.49 °C and 38.00 °C and relative humidity was 68.3 per cent and 1.73, 1.33, 1.60, 1.93 and 3.13 days during September and October (when average minimum amd maximum temperatures were 27.71 °C and 34.75 °C respectively and relative humidity was 59.09 per cent) respectively.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF ELECTROSTATIC SPRAYING SYSTEM (ELECTRODYN) IN COTTON PEST MANAGEMENT
    (AAU, Anand, 1987) MURALIDHARAN, C. M.; CHARI, M. S.
    The efficiency of Electrodyn sprayer in the management of sucking pests and bollworms of cotton v/as evaluated along with three conventional Knapsack, Mistblower and Heli sprayers during 1983, 1984 and 1985. ED and EC formulations of cypermethrin were used fur evaluation. The toxicity of these formulations on predators and also the quantity of spray fluid deposited per unit area by various sprayers were studied. A field experiment was conducted with six treatments for the Electrodyn sprayer viz. 3% ED-0.05 ml/sec, 3% ED-0.1 ml/sec, 2% ED-0.05 ml/sec, 2% ED-0.1 ml/sec, 1.5% ED-0.1 ml/sec and 4.5% ED-0.05 ml/sec and three for Knapsack (cypermethrin 100 ppm), Mistblower (cypermethrin 200 ppm) and Heli sprayers (cypermethrin 50 gm a.i./ha) (Total nine treatments were taken Efficiency of different sprayers in reducing the sucking pest population (Aphids, Jassids, Whiteflies and Thrips) indicated that all the sprayers are equally effective in suppressing the sucking pests.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON POPULATION DYNAMICS OF VARIOUS INSECT PESTS DAMAGING TO BRINJAL Solanum melongena L. AND THEIR CONTROL
    (AAU, Anand, 1986) THANKI, K. V.; Patel, J. R.
    The study on population dynamics of various insect posts damaging to brinjal Doli-S raised during different time I.e. July, September, November and January indicated that aphid, Aphis cossypii C. and Jassid, Amrasca biquttula Mguttula I. Incidence was for a longer period on kharif crop as compared to rabi crop. Thrip, Hercothrips indicus B., activity was very low and found during November to April.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFICACY OF SOME SYSTEMIC GRANULAR INSECTICIDES IN CONTROLLING YELLOW RICE BORER, TRYPORYZA INCERTULAS (WLK.) AND RICE LEAF ROLLER, CNAPHALOCROCIS MEDINALIS (GN.) AND THEIR EFFECTS ON PADDY CROP
    (AAU, Anand, 1986) Jyani, D. B.; Patel, R. C.
    The experiments were conducted in three cropping seasons during 1982 and 1983 for testing the efficacy of some systematic granular insecticides in controlling yellow rice borer, Tryporyza incertulas (Wlk.) and rice leaf roller, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Cn.) and the effects of these insecticides on the paddy crop. The treatments tried in experiment were carbofuran (@0.5 kg a.I./ha), carbofuran (@ 1.0 kg a.I./ha), phorate (@ 0.5 kg a.I./ha), phorate (@ 1.0 kg a.I./ha), endosulfan (@ 0.5 kg a.1./ha) endosulfan (@1.0 kg a.1./ha), Sevidol(@ 0.5 kg a.I./ha), Sevidol (@1.0 kg a.I./ha), quinalphos (@ 1.0 kg a.I./ha) and control (no insecticide). Granules were applied in 1 to 3 cm deep standing water at 25 and 50 days after transplanting. Among the insecticidal treatments carbofuran 1.0 kg a.I./ha was the best and significantly superior to all other insecticidal treatments for the control of yellow rice borer. This treatment was also the most effective treatment against rice leaf roller.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SOME STUDIES ON PREDATORY SPIDERS IN HYBRID COTTON-6 AT ANAND
    (AAU, Anand, 1988) DHULIA, F. K.; YADAV, D. N.
    Studies were made on various predatory spiders associated with insect pests of hybrid cotton-6 at Anand Campus of the Gujarat Agricultural University during 1986-87. In all thirteen species of predatory spiders belonging to nine different families were recorded. These included five species of hunting spiders viz., Oxyopes ratnae, Glubiona sp., Castianeira sp., Plexippus sp. and Hippasa sp., four species of web-building spiders viz., Neoscona theisl, Neoscona sp.,. Uloborus khasiensis and Argiope pulchella, three species of ambushing spiders viz., Thomisus sp., T. cherapunjeus and T. projectus and one species of Olios sp. Hunting spiders dominated over other species and accounted for 63.15 per cent of the total population. Amongst these O. ratnae was found to be most important and predominant. Seasonal activity of O.ratnae, Glubiona sp., A. pulchella, Castianeira sp.. Olios sp., N, theisi, Thomisus sp. and U. khasiensis was also studied and were found predatory on insect pests such as Heliothis armigera Hxibner,, Spodoptera litura Fab., Anomis flava F., Earias vittella F., Dysdercus cinqulatus Fb., Aphis qos sypii Glover,, Ainrasca biguttula biguttula Ishida, and Bemisia tabaci Gennadius, Observations on biology of O. ratnae show that, the spider laid on an average 2.8 egg-raasses during her life span. The incubation period was 9-11 days (the average being 10.1 days) and numbers of spiderlings emerged per egg-mass varied from 30-42, with an average of 35.6. Male and female pass through 10 and 11 instars respectively to reach maturity. Male spiderlings took 157-215 days (the average being 187.20 days) whereas the female took 221-295 days (the average being 259.50 days) to complete the development. Total life span from the emergence of the spiderlings to the death of the adult varied from 260-349 days in case of male (The average being 305.8 days) whereas it varied from 323-418 days in case of female (The average being 358.80 days). The male and female mated readily under laboratory conditions, the mating lasted for few seconds. Mortality during different instars varied from 4,00 to 17.64 per cent, it was more in the 12 instar spiderlings (17.64%), The female spins silken cocoon before laying eggs and then covers them with silken threads. It was also found to take care of the eggs by sitting over them. Just hatched spiderlings were able to survive for 9.6 days when starved. The residual toxicity of fenvalerate (0.015%), endosulfan (0.07%), phosphamidon (0.03%) and monocrotophos (0.04%) was found to be high to the second instar spiderlings of 0. ratnae. Amongst them endosulfan was found having greater residual toxicity. Thus, fairly rich fauna of predatory spiders occurred in hybrid cotton-6. In view of their abundance, longer activity, long longevity and predation on variety of insects, it is suggested that as far as possible the spiders should be conserved by minimizing the apolication of pesticides such as fenvalerate, endosulfan, phosphamidon and monocrotophos. It would also be worthwhile attempting mass rearing of species like Oxyopec ratnae and Clubiona and utilizing them against insect pests of cotton. It would be interesting to study their occurrence on other crops, to know wheather these species show some affinity for particular habitat.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON EUBLEMMA SCITULA RAMB. (LEPIDOPTERA : NOCTUIDAE) AN IMPORTANT PREDATOR OF BROWN SCALE, SAISSETIA COFFEAE WLK. (HOMOPTERA : COCCIDAE) INFESTING PARWAL
    (AAU, Anand, 1986) PATHAK, SUNIL KUMAR; YADAV, D. N.
    Studies on biology seasonal occurrence and mass rearing technique of Eublemma scitula Ramb. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) an important predator of Saissetia coffeae Wlk. (Homptera : Coccidae) infesting parwal, Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. were carried out at Anand Campus of Gujarat Agricultural University during 1985 and 1986. Biological observations revealed the E. scitula Ramb. lays eggs singly which hatches out 4-6 days. The larvae are predatory on brown scales, Saissetia coffeae Wlk. and complete their development after passing through three larval instars. The duration of first, second and third instar at 26.67 + 1.11 °C and 63.45 percent relative humidity 4.1, 4.4 and 11.7 days respectively, whereas at room temperatures during winter (average minimum, maximum temperatures and relative humidity being 20.9°C, 23.94°C and 58.90 percent respectively) and summer (average minimum, maximum, temperatures and relative humidity being 26.37°C, 29.83°C and 64.06 percent respectively), the durations were 4.5, 4.7, 11.8 and 3.2, 3.3, 9.1 days respectively.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON PREDATION OF HELIOTHIS ARMIGERA HUBNER AND SPODOPTERA LITURA FAB. BY INSECTIVOROUS BIRDS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ACRIDOTHERES TRISTIS L.
    (AAU, Anand, 1988) PATEL, MUKESH H.; YADAV, D. N.
    Studies on identification of avian predators H. armigera and S. litura, assessment of their predation and the breeding biology of chief predatory species, Acridotheres tristis L. were carried out at Anand Campus of Gujarat Agricultural University, during 1986-1987. Studies on identification of avian predators of the pests revealed that Acridotheres tristis, Acridotheres ginginianus, Passer domesticus, Dicrurus adsimilis, Bubulcusibis, Merops orientalis and Sturnus roseus were observed preying on H. armigera in different crops. Whereas, Corvus macrorhynchos and B. ibis found preying on S. litura in tobacco nursery. The studies revealed that birds are highly attracted when host density was high. Their predation resulted as much as 47.74 per cent reduction in the larval population of S.podoptera litura in tobacco nursery. The average being 40.33 per cent. As a result of effective predation, there was only 0.26 and 0.55 per cent increase in the seedling damage by the pest as compared to 13.31 and 10.57 per cent increase in control plots. The avian predation of S. litura showed their maximum activity between 0630 and 0900 hours and 1600 and 1800 hours. Their activity was not found between 1000 and 1400 hours. Jungle crow, C. macrorhynchoa and house crow, C. splendens were most voracious feeders of S. litura larvae consuming on an average 3.00and 3.01 larvae per minute respectively. The feeding rate of common myna, A. tristis; bank myna, A. ginginianus; cattle egret, B, ibis and house sparrow, P, domesticus averaged 1.94. 2.07. 0.88 and 0.83 larvae per minute respectively. Among the different bird species found preying on S. litura« jungle crow appeared in great number (27) than house crow (5), common myna (7) and bank myna (6). The avian predation of H. armigera in gram exerted very effective check on the pest. On an average large sized (1.31) larvae per m2 were recorded in experimental area as against 7.2 larvae per m2 in control area. Similarly greater number of pupae (46.78/m2) wag recorded from netted area than that in experimental area (3.0/m2). There was 38.75 per cent more pod damage in control area than that in experimental area. The experimental area recorded 939 kg/ha more yield than control. The birds J however, fed indiscriminately on healthy and parasitised larvae.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    VARIETAL SUSCEPTIBILITY AND EVALUATION OF INSECTICIDES AGAINST POD-BORER COMPLEX ON PIGEONPEA Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.
    (AAU, Anand, 1988) Patel, Pravin S.; Patel, J. R.
    The relative bio-efficacy of fenvalerate E. C. formulation at 0.005%, 0.01% and 0.02% concentrations and 0.4% dust @ 25 kg/ha along with other synthetic pyrethroids viz., cypermethrin 0. 006%, decamethrin 0.0015% and fenvalerate [Sumicidin (R)] 0.01% as well as conventional insecticides viz. , endosulfan 0.07%, monocrotophos 0.04%, quinalphos 0.05% and 1.5% dust @ 25 kg/ha was evaluated during 1986-87 and 1987-88 against the pod-borers viz., lepidopteran Heliothis armigera Hubner and dipterous podfly Melanagromyza obtusa Malloch on pigeonpea T-15-15. All the insecticides were applied twice at fortnight interval initiating at 50% pod formation stage. All the insecticides evaluated exhibited significant potentiality in protecting the pods and grains against the pod-borer complex. Fenvalerate 0.02% and 0.01% [Fenval (R) 20 E. c. ]as well as fenvalerate 0.4% dust were found most effective in checking Heliothls infestation to the pods. The dust formulations of fenvalerate (O.4%) and quinalphos (1.5%) were equally effective in checking the Heliothis infestation. Maximum protection against the podfly infestation to the pods and grains was offered by fenvalerate 0.02%, but being at par with its lower concentration 0.01% and systemic organophosphate monocrotophos 0.04%. Fenvalerate 0.02% treated plot gave maximum increase in pigeonpea grain yield over control. It was followed by monocrotophos 0.04%, fenvalerate 0.4% dust, decamethrin 0.0015%, cypermethrln 0.006%, fenvalerate 0.01%, endosulfan 0.07%, quinalphos 0.05%, quinalphos 1.5% dust, fenvalerate [Sumicidin(R)] 0.01% and fenvalerate 0.005%. The mean C.B.R. for the two experiments ranged from 1 : 5.17 (quinalphos 0.05%) to 1 : 12.16 (fenvalerate 0.02%). None of the insecticides evaluated at the given doses caused any phytotoxic effect on the pigeonpea crop during both the years of experimentation. The fenvalerate residues in pigeonpea grains from its different treatments after 40 and 60 days of their applications were below the tolerance limit. However, the residues were more than 1 ppm in the podshells without grains of all fenvalerate treatments except fenvalerate 0.005%. The highest ovicidal action on the eggs of H. armigera (Hb.) was .exhibited by fenvalerate 0.02% and quinalphos 0.05%, whereas, fenvalerate 0.01%, monocrotophos 0.04%, decamethrin 0.0015%, cypermethrin 0.006%, fenvalerate [Sumicidin (R) ] 0.01%, fenvalerate 0.005% and endosulfan 0.07% were in descending order of their toxicity. Preliminary screening of pigeonpea germplasm consisting of 26 genotypes/entries for their susceptibility to the complex of pod-borers comprising two lepidopterans H. armigera (Hb.) and plume moth ,E. atomosa W. and podfly, M. obtusa Mall. was carried out under natural incidence of these pests. Among 13 early maturing entries/genotypes GAUT 82-105 was very less susceptible to both the lepidopterans, while GAUI 82- 92 and GAUT 83-23 had minimum podfly infested pods and grains. The higher yield response together with less susceptibility to the Heliothis and podfly was expressed by GAUT 82-104. ICPL-332 one of the 13 mid-late maturing entries screened was relatively very less susceptible to the infestation of the both lepidopteran borers and podfly whereas, GAUT 82-58 was even less susceptible to both the lepidopterans but highly susceptible to podfly. Heliothis susceptible entries were BDN-2 and G-15 but at the same time they had less infestation of podfly. The yield responses of GAUT 82-90 and GAUT 83-17 were higher in spite of sustaining relatively moderate infestation of Heliothis and podfly to the pods and grains. There was significantly more incidence of H. armigera (Hb.) in early maturing entries than that in mid-late maturing entries.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ROLE OF ULTRA-VIOLET LIGHT TRAPS IN MANAGEMENT OF RICE PESTS
    (AAU, Anand, 1987) PATEL, M. G.; PATEL, R. C.
    The ultra-violet light trap units used in this study were manufactured and supplied by Pest Control India, Pvt. Ltd. Bombay, The experimental area was located at the outskirts of the Main Rice Research Station, Gujarat Agricultural University, Nawagam. A block of ten hectares of rice fields was selected, and the crop was planted during kharif seasons of 1981, 1982 and 1983 in the month of August. The traps were uniformly distributed in the area at the rate of one trap per hectare. An identical area was selected as control plot which was about a kilometer away from the fields where light traps were installed. Light traps were operated during the night hours beginning from 6 p.m. to 6 a.m. until the crop matured. The data of daily catches of different pest insects collected at the tracts were used to understand the effect of ultra-violet light traps on the rice pests. The results of the experiment revealed that the presence of the pests such as rice leaf folder, rice skipper, army worm, yellow rice borer, rice green leaf hopper, Thrown planthopper, white backed planthopper, white leaf hopper end rice grasshopper were attracted towards ultra-violet light trap. The population of brown planthopper, rice grasshopper, rice green leafhopper, white leafhopper, white backed planthopper was significantly lower in the light trapped area than that in the untrapped area. Moreover, the populations of larvas of rice leaf folder and yellow rice borer, the number of folded leaves and the number of dead hearts were significantly lower in light trapped area as compared to that in the untrapped area. Thus, ultra-violet light traps are helpful In reducing the population of rice pests under field conditions when adopted in larger areas. There was not much difference in the average yield of grain in the light trapped and untrapped areas. The monetary gain in light trapped area was not considerable. It would be worthwhile to mention here that if light trapping is adopted In large scale on co-operative basis, It will help in preserving some useful natural enemies and pollinators, reducing environmental pollution and health hazards arising out of pesticides used at the time of pest out-breaks.