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Author: Sharma, Divya ×

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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetic Diversity Analysis of Indian Mustard (Brassica junceaL.) with respect to its seed traits
    (Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, 2023-11-17) Sharma, Divya; Chauhan, D.K.
    Present study entitled, “Genetic Diversity Analysis of Indian Mustard (Brassica junceaL.) with respect to its seed traits” was carried out in the field of PBG, of SKUAST-Jammuduring Rabi season 2022-23. The investigation was carried out with an aim to discriminate the mustard genotypes using seed and plant characters and to determine the genetic diversity among Brassica genotypes.The experiment was sown on plot size of 7.2m2 using Randomised Complete Block Design with 3 replications. Each treatment was sown in rows with length of 4m. The ANOVA for all the different characters showed significant differences at 5% level of significance for all the 12 traits. This suggests that genetic variability is present in all the genotypes.The results based on the seed colours revealed that out of 25 genotypes maximum frequency is gained by black colour having 12 genotypes. Estimates of genetic parametersshowed that highest GCV and PCV data was recorded for all the 12 traits. This further certified that significant amount of variability is present in the traits.Mahalanobis' D2statistics revealed the genetic divergence of 25 genotypes where all genotypes were grouped into 6 clusters, the maximum number ofgenotypes were found in cluster one and cluster second with 16 and 5 genotypes respectively, The maximum intra cluster distance was found between cluster 2(68.4) followed by cluster 1(46.55), while the cluster 3, 4 5, and 6 having one genotype with cluster distance zero. Hence, this proofs that direct selection would be effective and these genotypes can be further used for hybridization program to create strains with high yields.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Study on the effect of management and genetic factors on parasitic burden in goats of Jammu district.
    (Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology-Jammu (J&K, 2022-09-19) Sharma, Divya; Brahma, Biswajit
    The present study was carried out to analyze the effect of management practices in beetal and bakarwali goat breeds of Jammu district. A survey of 250 farmer households was conducted to gather the information on the rearing system, feedingsystems, health management systems using a questionnaire. Faecal samples were collected from animals to analyze the egg count and blood samples were collected from animals having severe infection load. Tissue samples were also collected from animals having infestation of adult parasites. Gene expression for proinflammatory cytokines was also analyzed. A significant association of parasitic burden on hematological parameters like hemoglobin concentration, MCH, MCV, MCHC, TLC, monocytes and lymphocytes (p<.05) was observed and production systems was observed. The management parameters like rearing system, deworming schedule, farm disinfection, seasonal incidence show a significant effect(p<.05) on egg per gram and oocyst per gram of faeces.The study concluded that management parameters like housing deworming rearing system feeding systems seasonal management can significantly affect prevalence of parasitic diseases in these goats.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF CONSERVATION AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES ON SOIL CARBON AND NITROGEN LOSSES THROUGH EROSION
    (Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Jammu, Jammu, 2019-09) Sharma, Divya; Sharma, Dr. Vikas
    A study was carried to assess the impact of tillage and surface cover on temporal changes in the soil organic carbon and nitrogen pools and their losses through erosion under maize crop. Three tillage variations i.e. conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT) and zero tillage (ZT) were employed, and were combined with management practices such as intercropping (i), mulching (m) and residue retention (30%) (r). As a general trend among all the treatments, organic carbon (OC) slightly increased from before crop sowing to 30 DAS, then decreased at 60 DAS and then more or less levels of OC towards the harvesting stage. However, potassium permanganate oxidizable C (KOC) was highest at the beginning of the crop cycle and the values decreased towards 30 DAS and 60 DAS and then an increase in its content was observed as it progressed towards the harvesting. Labile fraction breaks down relatively quickly, and is an active source of nutrition. KOC, SMBC and OC ranged between 916-1082 mg kg-1, 25.8-34.5 mg kg-1 and 0.32-0.41 %, respectively. However, there was no significant difference between the treatments. The highest POC was observed in ZTr (329.7 g m-2) which was statistically at par with CTi, MT, MTm, MTi, MTr, ZT and ZTm whereas the least was observed in CT (204.7 g m-2) which was statistically at par with all the treatments except ZTr. Greater variability was observed in POC content than in SOC content due to tillage, indicating that this form of C was more sensitive to alterations in the soil than SOC and could serve as an early indicator of sustainability of adopted practices. Maximum nitrate content was observed at 30 DAS due to the higher decomposition rate. NH4-N was highest in the samples analyzed before the sowing of crop, decrease towards 30 DAS and then as it progress further, an increase in amount of NH4-N was observed in general. It was observed that the application of residue or mulches or intercropping with pulses effectively reduced the dissolved C losses. Overall OC losses through sediments ranged from 10.25 kg ha-1 (ZTm) to 48.31 kg ha-1 (CT), with significant differences among conventional and zero tilled plots. Significantly higher concentration of NO3-N were observed in runoff from zero tillage plots. NO3-N losses in runoff occurring throughout the growing season was maximum in ZT. Total ammonical N loss in runoff was maximum in CT (0.547 kg ha-1) while the minimum NH4-N loss occurred in ZTr (0.362 kg ha-1). Maximum Kjeldahl N loss was observed in CT while the minimum amount of N loss in sediments occurred in ZT treatments. Unlike runoff water, which was not affected by tillage practices in general, there were significant differences in the amount of sediments eroded, which translated into higher amounts of Kjeldahl N being lost under conventional tillage systems. Zero tillage with soil cover, either though mulching, residue retention or intercropping could be more effective option in reducing carbon and nitrogen losses, than zero tillage alone.