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ThesisItem Open Access Seed dormancy in rice: distribution, inheritance and effect on storability of seeds(Department of Seed Science and Technology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2021-12-28) Kulkarni, Chiranjeevi C; Lenka, Devraj; Mohanty, S.; Bastia, D.N.; Samal, K.C.There is need for incorporating seed dormancy and improving storability of seed in rice crop for which information on the nature of variation and inheritance of these characters would be useful. The present study was undertaken to analyse the nature of variation of seed dormancy in different maturity groups (early, medium and late), study the inheritance of the character and examine the relationship between seed dormancy and storability. The material consisted of 54 rice varieties for screening in kharif season and later 30 varieties were selected and evaluated for seed dormancy and storability in kharif and summer seasons. A number of plants, panicle, seed and biochemical parameters like carbohydrate content, protein content, dehydrogenase activity and alpha amylase activity were also studied to examine the relationship of these characters with seed dormancy. Inheritance of seed dormancy was studied in 6 crosses involving 5 varieties. The efficacy of chemical treatment with maleic hydrazide (MH) in different concentrations for inducing seed dormancy was also studied to find out the most effective concentration for inducing dormancy in this crop. Dormancy periods (DG80) of the varieties ranged from 3 to 13 days in summer and 5 to 39 days in kharif seasons. Dormancy intensity (NGH0) ranged from 4% to 83.67% in summer and 9.67% to 95% in kharif seasons. These ranges indicated presence of varietal and seasonal differences for dormancy period and intensity. Most of the early varieties showed minimum dormancy period and weak intensity while most of the medium to late varieties possessed maximum dormancy with strong intensity of dormancy. Seeds of kharif season showed the highest degree of dormancy compared to summer grown seeds. Dormancy period and intensity showed high positive correlation between them and both showed strong positive association with days to flowering and maturity. Seed dormancy was found to have a digenic epistatic control with dormant nature is dominant over non-dormant. There were significant differences and wide range of variation among the varieties for different measures of storability of seed indicating presence of varietal differences for this trait. PG80 and PG50 were estimated by probit analysis which showed that seeds of different varieties in different seasons would maintain germinability above the minimum certification standard for periods of 8 and 9 months in summer and kharif seasons, respectively. All measures of storability showed that kharif seeds stored best than summer seeds. Storability of seed showed strong positive correlation with seed dormancy. The treatment with 15000 ppm maleic hydrazide (MH) was the most effective dormancy inducing dosage followed by 10000 ppm and 5000 ppm for rice varieties to prevent pre-harvest sprouting during monsoon seasons. This same trend was observed in these treatments for seed vigour parameters. The study brought out the existence of varietal and seasonal differences for seed dormancy and storability between and within different maturity groups and a strong positive relationship between the seed dormancy and storability traits. Several of the late varieties were found to have maximum seed dormancy, which can be used as such or as donors for transfer of dormancy to other early varieties to prevent yield losses due to viviparous germination. Seed dormancy was found to have a digenic epistatic control (complementary and inhibitory gene action) with dormant nature is dominant over non-dormant, which means that breeding manipulation of the character would be quite difficult. By incorporating seed dormancy into early varieties, the storability of the varieties can also be improved. The information obtained as the most effective dormancy inducing treatment is valuable for avoiding pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) and useful for preventing yield losses due to PHS during monsoon seasons.ThesisItem Open Access DUS characterization and assessment of seed dormancy and storage behaviour of aromatic short grain rice varieties(Department of Seed Science and Technology, OUAT, Bhubabneswar, 2021-08-26) M C, Muthu; Lenka, Devraj; Bastia, D.N.; Samal, K C; Mohanty, SAromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties are preferred world-wide since ages because of the excellent aroma and palatability. More than hundreds of traditional land races of aromatic rice with pleasant aroma are being cultivated in different parts of Odisha. But the farmers are not growing these varieties because of low yield and lack of marketing facilities. Now, realising the demand in the market, to improve the economy of farmers, an investigation was carried out DUS characterization and assessment of seed dormancy and storage behaviour of aromatic short grain rice varieties for documentation and crop improvement. Thirty aromatic short grain rice varieties were selected from the rice germplasm of Rice Research Station, O.U.A.T, Bhubaneswar and were grown there during kharif 2016 and 2017 in RBD with three replications. The varieties were characterized by 57 (43qualitative+14quantitative) morphological descriptors adopted from the DUS guidelines of PPV and FR Authority, Govt. of India. Among the 43 qualitative traits the spectrum of variability in 30 aromatic short grain rice varieties indicated that traits were 22 monomorphic, 9 dimorphic and 12 polymorphic indicating their potential for varietal characterization and distinctiveness. No intra-varietal variation was observed for any of the visual characteristics. Among the 14 quantitative traits used for characterization 9 exhibited dimorphic and 5 polymorphic patterns of variation. Among the rapid chemical tests standard phenol test and modified phenol test with copper sulphate was found effective in differentiating aromatic short grain rice varieties. Further KOH and NaOH test were useful in identification of aromatic short grain rice varieties. However, not much significant response has been noticed due to added chemicals like GA3 and 2,4-D. Intensity of dormancy varied from 46 % (Dhanaprasad) to 96% (Dulhabhog) of non-germinated seeds on the day of harvest. The duration of dormancy in 30 aromatic short grain rice varieties ranged from 14 to 42 days with an initial germination percentage of 46 to 96, when they were tested immediately after harvest. Based on, this dormancy was classified as weak (7-14 days) 2 varieties (Dhanaprasad and Kanak champa), moderate(14-21days) 11 varieties, strong (21-28 days) 10 varieties, very strong (28-35 days) 6 varieties and extremely strong (35-42days) 1 variety (Dulahabhog). In storage studies among 30 aromatic short grain rice varieties Dulahabhog and Nua Kalajeera was showed highest seed quality parameters after 12 months of storage with minimum 82 per cent of germination up to seven months of storage.ThesisItem Open Access Assessment of seed yield and quality traits of zinc biofortified advanced breeding lines of Rice(Department of Seed Science and Technology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2021) Barik, Yashobanta; Tripathy, Swapan Kumar; Lenka, D.; Sahu, S.; Mohanty, S.A set of 76 zinc biofotrified advanced breeding lines of rice are collected from the Central Research Farm, Regional Research and Technology Transfer Station, Coastal Zone, OUAT. The grounded seed samples of each genotype were estimated for grain Zn content at Central Instrumentation Facility (CIF), OUAT, Bhubaneswar after digestion with di-acid mixture followed by filtration. The Zn- dense genotypes showing more than 30 ppm zinc content were sorted out for field trial in Kharif, 2021 with a standard check variety (Swarna). The field experiment was conducted at Central Research Farm, Regional Research and Technology Transfer Station, Coastal Zone, OUAT. The selected zinc biofortified advanced breeding lines were laid out in RBD with three replications and the following 15 genotypes served as treatments viz., T0- Swarna (check), T1- ORCZ 98, T2 - ORCZ 181, T3 - ORCZ 114, T4- ORCZ 176, T5- ORCZ 135, T6- ORCZ 175, T7 - ORCZ 148, T8 - ORCZ 174, T9 - ORCZ 156, T10 - ORCZ 169, T11- ORCZ 161, T12- ORCZ 167, T13- ORCZ 162 and T14- ORCZ 165. During the course of investigation, each treatment (genotype) was studied with respect to plant growth and seed yield. The treatment ORCZ 135(T5) shows the earliest maturity among all the selected zinc biofortified advanced breeding lines and check variety Swarna. Yield components were shown to be positively influenced by grain zinc content except some characters. EBT/m2 was recorded maximum in Swarna as a check variety followed by ORCZ 161, ORCZ 181, ORCZ 162. ORCZ135. These breeding lines also showed compact panicle feature (with 158.0 number of grains/panicle) as compared to the check cv. Swarna (135.8 number of grains/panicle). All the varieties except ORCZ 167 recorded 1000-seed weight more than 22.0g. ORCZ 135 and ORCZ 114 recorded better seed yield potential (47 -50q/ha) attributable to higher tiller number, grains/panicle, grain weight and higher Zn content(>30ppm) compared to Swarna (40q/ha, 11.30ppm Zn). Seed quality parameters including storability of seeds of the above advanced zinc biofortified breeding lines were tested at Seed Physiology Laboratory, Dept. of Seed Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, OUAT, Bhubaneswar and Dr. G. V. Chalam Seed Testing & Research Laboratory, AICRP on Seed Technology Research, NSP (Crops), OUAT, Bhubaneswar. Most of the seed quality parameters, such as germination, field emergence, final count, root length, shoot length, dry weight and both vigour indices (SVI- I & II) were shown to be influenced by seed zinc content. However, grain Zn content revealed significant negative association with EC indicating that Zn is incredably helpful for initial growth and development starting from germination process. Further, the negative relationship of Zn with EC signifies that, Zn content has improved the seed quality leading to lower amount of seed leachate, in the present set of variety as compared to Swarna (high leachate) in the solution. Among the test genotypes ORCZ 148, ORCZ 181 and ORCZ 135 retained high Zn content along with high yield potential. However, ORCS 135 emerged as the best test entry with excellent seed and seedling quality parameters (germination percentage, field emergence, first count, seedling growth, seedling dry weight as well as both vigour indices:SVI-I and SVI-II).ThesisItem Open Access Impact of variety, seed type and chemical treatments on growth, vigour and yield of potato(Department of Seed Science and Technology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2021) Kabi, Pragati; Mishra, A.; Lenka, D.; Das, Swarnalata; Mohanty, S.The experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2020-21at the research farm of AICRP on Potato under Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with eight treatments and three replications. Net area of each plot in different treatments was 7.2 sq m (3.0m × 2.4m). The eight treatments of this investigation comprised of two promising varieties of the state, namely Kufri Pukhraj and Kufri Surya; two seed types viz. whole and cut; and two fungicides for chemical treatments viz. copper oxychloride and mancozeb. Standard agronomic practices were followed to raise the crop. Data on characters like plant height, shoots/plant, leaves/ plant, shoot dry weight per plant and root dry weight / plant were recorded from five randomly selected plants in each plot. The total and marketable tuber yield/ ha (number and weight) were estimated from the plot yield data. The gradual weight loss during storage was calculated from the weight of tubers at different dates of storage. Analysis of variance revealed significant difference between the two varieties with respect to all observed characters except shoots/plant. The variation between seed types was found to be non-significant with respect to plant height (at 45 and 60 DAP), leaves/plant, total and marketable tuber yield/ ha (number and weight). There was also a non significant variation due to chemical treatments on emergence, shoots/plant, leaves/ plant and dry shoot weight/ plant. No significant interaction was found among all the three factors variety, seed type and chemical treatment. By observing the yield performance, Kufri Surya was found to be better yielding variety than Kufri Pukhraj for agro- climatic condition of Odisha. It has also been found that, mancozeb treatment to whole seed tubers give better result than copper oxychloride treatment and use of cut seed tubers.ThesisItem Open Access Inducing staminate flowers through application of chemicals for seed production in parthenocarpic cucumber(Department of Seed Science and Technology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2021) Barik, Pooja; Das, Swarnalata; Lenka, Devraj; Mohanty, S.; Das, ManasiParthenocarpy in cucumber provides maximum profit to farmers as plant bears female flowers and produces fruits without fertilization. As the fruits from parthenocarpic plant are free from seeds it becomes a major bottleneck for crop production for next generation. Therefore, in present investigation an attempt has been made to induce staminate flowers through application of chemicals for seed production in parthenocarpic cucumber. The investigation was carried out at AICRP on Vegetable Crops, OUAT, Bhubaneswar in RBD with three replications under poly house condition during the year 2021. The experiment consists of three chemicals (silver nitrate, GA3 and silver thiosulphate) at different concentrations i.e., AgNO3 250 ppm (T1), AgNO3 500 ppm (T2) and AgNO3 750 ppm (T3), GA3 50 ppm (T4),GA3 100 ppm (T5), GA3 150 ppm (T6) and Ag2S2O3 1 mM ( T7) and Ag2S2O3 3 mM (T8). Chemicals were sprayed as foliar application at 2-4 true leaf stage on cultivar Cu3. Pollen sterility, fertility count was taken through acetocarmine test. Observations were recorded on seventeen characters. Experiment for effect of chemicals on seed quality was conducted in GV Chalam laboratory, Dept of Seed Science and Technology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar and design of experiment was CRD. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) version 9.3. At early vegetative stage (30 DAS) plants treated with GA3 (150 ppm) showed maximum plant height (100.08 cm) and plant treated with 750 ppm silver nitrate recorded minimum plant height (51.36 cm). The highest number of branches per plant (26.58) was recorded in GA3 150 ppm and lowest (17.11) was recorded in silver nitrate 750 ppm. Female flowers appeared earlier than male flowers and GA3 100 ppm took least number of days (26.0) for appearance of female flower. Male flower appeared first in T3 (AgNO3, 750 ppm). Number of male flowers was found to be the maximum (59.0) in plants treated with AgNO3 (500 ppm) and it was at par with 250 and 750 ppm AgNO3 but significantly higher than the plants treated with silver thiosulphate (1 mM and 3 mM) and GA3 (50 ppm) recorded the lowest number of male flowers at peak flowering stage (40 DAS). At 40 days after sowing, foliar spray of GA3 at a concentration of 150 ppm (T6) recorded the highest number of female flowers (49.00) followed by control (41.05). Female to male ratio was found to be the highest in 50 ppm GA3 (5.61) and the lowest in 750 ppm AgNO3 (0.17) at 40 DAS. Effect of chemicals on pollen fertility percentage was found to be the highest (98.26) in T3 (AgNO3 -750 ppm) and the lowest (90.07) in T4 (GA3- 50ppm) at peak flowering stage, whereas at later period of flowering T3 (AgNO3- 750 ppm) recorded the highest pollen fertility percentage (79.0) and T6 (GA3-150 ppm) was found to be the lowest.Seed parents of different treatments showed significant differences in case of number of seeds per fruit. Number of seeds per fruit was the highest in plants treated with 500 ppm of AgNO3 (84.12) and the lowest in 50 ppm GA3 (51.22). The highest seed yield (428.40 kg/ha) was recorded in T2 (500 ppm AgNO3) and the lowest in 50 ppm GA3 (277.76 kg/ha). The highest (3.33) benefit cost ratio (B-C ratio) was observed in case of 500ppm AgNO3 and lowest (2.16) in GA3 (50ppm). This study reveals that silver nitrate at a concentration of 500 ppm may be recommended for seed production in parthenocarpic cucumber.ThesisItem Open Access Evaluation of seed quality parameters of farmer’s saved Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) seeds of western Odisha(Department of Seed Science and Technology College of agriculture ,OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2021) Pradhan, Neeha; Moharana, R.L.; Lenka, Devraj; Ransingh, N.; Mohanty, SimantaAn investigation entitled ‘Evaluation of seed quality parameters of farmer’s saved Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) seeds of western Odisha’ was under taken during 2020-21 in the Department of Seed Science and Technology and Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Bhawanipatna, OUAT. The experiment was designed in the simple and factorial CRD of fourteen seed priming treatments with four replications to examine the seed quality parameters and seed health status and seed quality enhancement through different priming agents in cowpea seeds. A total of ten seed samples of cowpea were collected from farmers of different districts of western Odisha. Significant differences of mean in physically pure seed ranged from (90.5-97.1%), seed germination (52-84%), seed moisture (9.1-12.3%), viability (90.5-97.1%), seedling vigour index-I (241.8-515.76), seedling vigour index-II (65-156.24), speed of germination (11.37-21.84), seed length (8.3-12.1 mm) and width (3.2-4.5 mm), 100-seed weight (9.9-19.7 g), electrical conductivity value (22.15-28.62 μS/cm.g), seedling dry weight (1.15-1.86 g) were recorded in farmers saved cowpea seed. Different microbes like Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium equiseti, Rhizopus sp., Macrophomina phaseolina, Pseudomonas sp. and Xanthomonas sp. were identified by using both the methods i.e., Blotter paper and PDA method. In Blotter paper methods, the infection by microbes ranges from 2.07-4.85% observed in different seed lot. Highest infection was observed by Aspergillus niger (4.85%) followed by Aspergillus flavus (4.47%), Pseudomonas sp. (4.37%), Fusarium equiseti (3.55%), Rhizopus sp. (2.52%) and Xanthomonas sp. (2.07%) infecting seed lot in the blotter paper method. Identification of seed mycoflora ranged from 5.75 – 11.25 (%) and 12.75–30.25 (%) in PDA and Blotter paper method respectively. More number of seed mycoflora was recorded in Blotter paper methods as compared to PDA methods. The lowest seed germination (54.0%) was recorded in Ankur Gomati due to highest seed moisture percentage 11.30 (%) and highest seed mycoflora association 20.75 (%). Similarly highest germination i.e., 84.0 (%) was recorded in variety Swarna due to lowest seed moisture (9.30%) and seed mycoflora i.e., (9.35%). Ankur Gomati seeds performed better with different priming treatments followed by Shreema 1655 and Utkal Manika of farmer saved seed. Seed priming treatments with KCl @ 1%, KNO3 @ 1% & Trichoderma viridae @ 10g/kg seeds were found superior to seed germination percentage as met to the minimum seed certification standards specified for the cowpea seed and also the treatments with GA3 @ 50ppm (hormonal priming) and ammonium molybdate @ 10-3 M (nutri-priming) enhanced seed germination and seedling growth in farmer saved cowpea seed.ThesisItem Open Access Efficacy of seed protectants against common seedling diseases in tomato(Department of Seed Science and Technology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2021) Padhiary, Jayanta Kumar; Priyadarsini, Anita; Lenka, Devraj; Mohanty, Simanta; Das, SwarnalataTomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is one of the most widely grown vegetable in the world. It is the most preferred vegetable for its richness in antioxidants, lycopene, vitamin A, C and E. Tomato crop is generally affected by many diseases and pests. So to maintain the crop stand and increase the yield, the seeds have to be protected so that they can perform well in the field. A study of health status of ten seed samples were collected from different sources indicated that, seed germination was varied from 60 to 90% out of which 4 seeds samples had below IMSCS i.e. 70%. Seed discolouration varies from 5% to 25% carrying 7% to 22% fungal infection. Alternaria sp., Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium sp. are the predominant fungi causing 16%, 45%, 41%, and 24% reduction in germination by rotting the seeds and seedlings. Under invitro condition different fungicides, insecticides, biocontrol agents, biofertilizers and their combinations were tested. Trichoderma viride + Azospirillum + PSB + KSB had recorded highest germination i.e. 97% followed by T. viride + Pseudomonas fluorescence + Mycorhiza and Imidacloprid + T. viride + P. fluorescence + Mycorhiza i.e. 94%. Maximum seed rot along with fungal colonies was found in control i.e. 44% and minimum was in Carboxin + Thiram, Tebuconazole + Imidacloprid and Imidacloprid + T. viride +P. fluorescence + Mycorhiza i.e 2.7%, 3.0% and 3.3% respectively. Seedling blight was lowest in Carboxin + Thiram, Carbendazim + Mancozeb, Imidacloprid + Carboxin + Thiram, T. viride + Azospirillum + PSB + KSB and Carbendazim + Mancozeb + Imidacloprid i.e. 3%, 3.33%, 4.7%, 5%and 5.3% respectively followed by T. viride + P. fluorescence + Mycorhiza, Imidacloprid + T. viride +P. fluorescence + Mycorhiza and Tebuconazole i.e. 6.3%,6.3% and 8.3% respectively. The seedling vigour index –I and Seedling vigour index - II are highest in T. viride + Azospirillum + PSB + KSB i.e. 896.4 and 48.8 respectively. The dry weight of seedlings is highest for Carboxin + Thiram and T. viride + P. fluorescence + Mycorhiza i.e. 0.507. Under field condition Imidacloprid + Carboxin + Thiram, Carboxin + Thiram, T. viride + Azospirillum + PSB+ KSB, Carbendazim + Mancozeb and Carbendazim + Mancozeb + Imidacloprid had lower seedling blight i.e. 11%, 12.3%, 13.7%, 14% and 14.7% respectively after 15 days of sowing. After 30 days of sowing lowest PDI was recorded in Imidacloprid + Carboxin + Thiram i.e. 12% followed by Carboxin + Thiram i.e. 16.7%.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of radiation on germination and management of pulse beetles (Callosobruchus chinensis Linn.) infesting green gram (Vigna radiata)(Department of Seed Science and Technology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2021) Behera, Biswajit; Tripathy, Manoj Kumar; Lenka, Debraj; Mohanty, Simanta; Pal, U. S.The experiment on effect of radiation on germination and management of pulse beetle Callosobruchus chinensis. (Linn) infesting green gram (Vigna radiata) has been conducted in the laboratory of Department of Seed Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, OUAT Bhubaneswar where different doses of X-ray and Microwaves were given. The trial was conducted using completely randomized design with three replications. The 9 treatments were T1-Radiation of X ray at dose of 4000rad,T2-Radiation of X ray at dose of 3000rad, T3-Radiation of X ray at dose of 2500 rad, T4-Radiation of X ray at dose of 2000 rad,T5-Radiation of Microwave ray at dose of 320watt ,T6-Radiation of Microwave ray at dose of 480watt, T7-Radiation of Microwave ray at dose of 640watt, T8-Radiation of Microwave ray at dose of 800watt and T9-Control.Hundred seeds were taken under observation to measure germination percentage along with other seed parameters. Final instar larvae and adults were collected from those treatments and properly placed under scanning electron microscope, in central laboratory, OUAT to identify the changes in biology, and morphological characters of pulse beetle. The anatomical characters were studied under research microscope in central laboratory, OUAT. Each 10 irradiated seeds from each treatment were taken in test tubes to mark the adult emergence and adult longevity.The results revealed that the effect of different doses of radiation on infested green gram seeds had not any significant difference in germination percentage. Increasing radiation doses in both X ray and Microwave ray has less impact on germination percentages the lowest germination percentage was 86.17 against 95% in controlled condition which was not differing significantly. But other seed quality parameters like root length, shoot length and seedling vigor index have some significant difference like 2.9 in T6 as compared to 9.96 in controlled condition, like that in case of shoot length it was 0.26 in T2 to 16.05 in T9. The result clearly showed that the no. of single egg on green gram was found to be higher than double eggs followed by no. of more than two eggs, which indicated that egg laying capacity had been reduced. it was found that the adult lifespan was decreasing as we were increasing doses of irradiation i.e 10.00 in 2000 rad X ray and 9.31 in 4000 rad X ray. Microwave ray exposure also followed the same trend. Final instar larvae emerged out of eggs laid in seeds without exposure to any irradiation recorded highest value in all morphometric characters but after exposure those are found to be different from control. All the morphological characters in case of adults had changed a little from control. Elytra length and pygidium length and width were recorded significant changes along with all those previously discussed morphological characters. After critical observation thickened fat bodies and pale yellow colored body fluid that of hemolymph were found as an anatomical change.ThesisItem Open Access Variability study in greengram genotypes(Department of Seed Science and Technology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2021) Nayak, Archana; Lenka, Devraj; Tripathy, S.K.; Mohanty, SimantaA field experiment entitled “Variability study in greengram genotypes” was conducted in the field unit of EB-II Section of Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics of OUAT, Bhubaneswar during Rabi 2020 with twenty genotypes based on morphological and physiological characteristics. The experiment was laid down in the Factorial RBD and CRD of 20 genotypes with two replications to study the morphological and yield contributing characteristics and to know the effect of seed physiological parameters on seed quality. The mean value of morphological and yield contributing characteristics ranged from plant height (40.40-58.00 cm), number of branches per plant (0-1.80), number of clusters per plant (3.40-8.40), number of pods per plant (7.60-25.60), pod length (4.20-7.16 cm), number of seeds per pod (6.00-11.60), 100 seed weight (2.17-4.94 g) and seed yield per plant (1.62-9.64 g). Further, a study was conducted in the Seed Science & Department laboratory to characterize the genotypes based on seed physiological parameters and to know the effect of seed physiological parameters on seed quality. Seed physiological parameters i.e., germination percentage, shoot length (cm), root length (cm), seedling dry weight (g), SVI-I, SVI-II, speed of germination and viability percentage ranges from 62-93%, 17.89-25.46 cm, 13.48-18.06 cm, 0.59-0.85 g, 1971.60 - 3940.60, 40.32-76.50, 24.33-49.66 and 76-100% respectively. Along with seed physiological parameters, seed physical characters like seed colour, seed luster, seed shape and seed size were also studied. The Analysis of Variance for the replicated data of the morphological and yield attributes were subjected to estimate variance for 8 characters which revealed there were significant differences among 20 green gram genotypes for plant height, clusters per plant, pods per plant, seeds per pod and seed yield per plant at both 5% and 1% probability. A correlation study was carried out between the seed morphological and yield contributing characters of the greengram genotypes. Seed yield per plant was found to be highly, positively and significantly correlated with number of pods per plant followed by number of clusters per plant. The correlation study among five seed quality parameters viz., germination percentage, root length, shoot length, dry weight and speed of germination revealed positive association among each other.
