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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Biofloc technology: A Startagy for improvement of growth and immunity in Ostreobrama belangeri
    (Department of Microbiology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2020) Sethi, Jyoti Prava; Chaudhary, Pushpa; Sarkar, Subhas
    Biofloc culture technology is a technique of improving water quality by the addition of extra carbon source in a limited water exchange system. When the ratio of carbon and nitrogen well balanced in biofloc system, heterotrophic bacterial production will be promoted, and nitrogen uptake takes place through the production of microbial proteins (including bacteria, microalgae, protozoa and other organic debris), which can be further consumed by aquatic animals. Bioflocs are rich in various probiotics and bioactive compounds, which play an important role in improving growth and health status of aquatic organisms. A 30-days experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of biofloc on growth performance and innate immunity of Ostreobrama belangeri. The experiment carried out with two biofloc treatments (BFT) and a control group with no or less water exchange. Molasses and Wheat flour were added to the BFT treatments to establish a carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio of 15 and it was designated as molasses biofloc as BFTM and wheat flour biofloc as BFTW. The stocking density was 15 fishes in 80-L of water in each 100-L FRP outdoor tanks. Ammonia, Nitrite and nitrate concentrations were significantly lower in the BFT treatment tanks than in the control tank. Fish survival was 100% at harvest. Compared with the control group, the individual fish weigh gain % in the BFTM and BFTW were significantly higher. The individual fish weight gain % in BFTM, BFTW and control were 36.54%, 42.13% and 24.79% respectively. The crude protein, moisture, and fat contents of the BFTW were 24%, 8.2% and 2.5% respectively, and BFTM were 22%, 9.5% and 1.9% respectively. The crude protein content of BFTM and BFTW treatment fish exhibited an increasing trend compared to the control group. The crude protein contents in BFTM, BFTW and control were 16.76%, 18.83% and 15.99% respectively. Furthermore, there was highly significant difference in innate immune parameters such as myeloperoxidase activity, respiratory burst activity and lysozyme activity in the BFTM and BFTW treatments than in the control fish. The results of this 40-days study indicate that BFT can improve the growth and immune response of O. belangeri by using the molasses and wheat flour as carbon.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Role of protein phosphorylation in bacteria
    (Department of Microbiology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2020) Patra, Harekrushna; Mohapatra, Harapriya; Mohapatra, Ashis Kumar; Samantaray, S. M.
    Bacteria possess various types of post-translational modifications of proteins. Among those modifications, protein phosphorylation is the most ubiquitous mechanism seen in bacteria. Protein phosphorylation occurs, that need to rewire bacterial cellular signalling under various stress conditions. This process consists of the addition of the phosphate groups to specific amino acids residue on protein, Which has potential to alter the stability, enzymatic activities of proteins with diverse roles in cells.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Acute Chikungunya infection among patients presenting Dengue Symptoms-A Retrospective study
    (Department of Microbiology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2020) Mishra, Anshu; Sahoo, Prakash Kumar; Mohanty, Ashish Kumar; Samantaray, Deviprasad
    Dengue and Chikungunya are viral infections and appears to be increasing all parts of India.They are both spread by Aedes mosquito; however they are caused by different types of virus. Chikungunya is caused by Togaviridae alphavirus where Dengue is caused by Flavivirideae flavivirus DENV and CHIKV are viral infections increasing around the world and to be considered as an emerging threat with an important public health concern. Both the disease have some Dengue and Chikungunya are viral infections and appears to be increasing all parts of India. They are both spread. In Asia, the CHIKV affected areas overlap with DENV endemic area and provide mosquito to become infected with both viruses. Though, two different viruses are responsible for both of the disease but vector is common. Due to one vector and similar habitat, co-infection can happen in many cases. Evidence of Chikungunya and Dengue co-infection has been found in many regions such as Srilanka, Angola, Gabon, India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand etc. Both Chikungunya and Dengue epidemic/endemic transmission have been reported in these areas. Co-circulation common signs and symptoms including fever with chills, Swelling of major and minor joints with pain, difficulty in moving limbs, Nausea, headache, vomiting and sometimes appearance of rashes. The researcher says that understanding the true extent of Chikungunya-dengue co-infection is current diagnosis largely based on their similar symptoms. So serology test plays an important role for diagnosis and differentiate both of diseases. There have been various studies from India describing the acute presentation and long term sequel of both infections. However there are very few studies about the dengue – chikungunya infection and molecular characterization with co-relation. The present project was undertaken to study the cases of Chikungunya among Patient presenting with Dengue like symptoms from a period of 3 Months (January 2020-March 2020).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Mutational study of F plasmid partitioning protein SopA
    (Department of Microbiology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2020) Pradhan, Abhishek; Srinivasan, Ramanujam; Mohanty, Ashis Kumar; Samantaray, S. M.
    The low-copy-number plasmids ensure a stable inheritance of the plasmids to the future generation by employing a certain segregation mechanism. The F-plasmids stability in bacteria is ensured by the SopABC machinery. SopA protein being a member of Walker type P-loop ATPase binds to SopBC complex and helps in segregation of plasmid to daughter cells. Thus, understanding the role of protein SopA is important to comprehend F-plasmid stability. The function of the motor protein SopA in segregation can be measured by using mutants of the protein in context of plasmid stability assays.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Generation of bone marrow specific Chimeric Knockout Mice
    (Department of Microbiology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2020) Swetalika, Swati; Raghav, Sunil K.; Mohanty, Ashis K.; Ray, Pratima
    The functional aspect of a gene can be known when it is either silenced, knockdown (KD) or knockout (KO). It is very difficult to construct a whole body knockout mice since it involves the complex Cre-lox system along with several generations of breeding. Moreover, a susbstantial number of genes are essential for the developmental process of an organism and their loss may cause lethality. Hematopoietic stem cells are multipotent in nature that differentiate and gives rise to different blood cell lineages, characterized by the expression of surface markers like c-Kit, Sca-1, CD27 etc. Any genetic mutation or manipulation in HSCs gets along in the subsequent cell lineages arising from it. The genes and the proteins they code are crucial for the development of an organism. HOX genes are conserved family of transcription factors that play an important role in differentiation and self-renewal of HSCs. HOXB4 from HOX family of genes enhances the self-renewal capacity of murine and human HSCs and thus maintains stemness for a prolong period of time. Here, in this study, HOXB4 plasmid (Nup9) was transduced into murine BM HSCs via retro-viral method of gene delivery. This is an efficient method to increase the proliferation and stemness of the HSCs in vitro. Further, with the help of a gene specific expression vector cells were manipulated (KO/KD) for generation of a specialized cell type. These specialized cells are used for generating chimeric mice.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Determinants of DOTS adherence among CBNAAT positive TB patients referred by private health facilities of Bhubaneswar
    (Department of Microbiology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2020) Panigrahi, Sumita; Turuk, Jyotirmayee; Mohanty, Ashish Kumar; Samantray, D.P.
    TB is an airborne infectious disease however it is curable and preventable. According to WHO, Directly Observed Treatment, Short Course(DOTS) is the most effective way to cure it to stop the transmission of TB in communities. It helps patients to finish the course of TB as quickly as possible without unnecessary gaps or treatment failure. Healthcare workers observe the patients timely in the programme. But still adherence to DOTS is a challenge in many countries due to various factors such as improper follow up, treatment in private sector, alcoholism, lack of awareness. As in India 56% of the TB patients visit the private health sector which is very unstructured and unregulated and there is no mechanism to follow up the patient till they are declared cured. Failure and default in treatment leads to relapse of the disease which leads to multidrug resistant (MDR) TB. So, National TB Elimination Program (NTEP) sensitized the private sector to notify the patient to the program and refer the patient for Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (CBNAAT) testing under Universal DST (UDST) for all the notified TB patients. The aim of the current study is to do a questionnaire-based data collection and follow up the patients referred by different private health facilities of Bhubaneswar to know about their current treatment facility, health status and its outcome. On account of that, samples referred by the private healthcare facilities to National Reference Laboratory were tested by CBNAAT. The TB positive patient’s details were collected from the lab register to call the patient with a set of questionnaires to know their DOTS adherence status and its determinants.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Isolation Identification and Molecular Characterization of Efline Panleukopaenia Virus From Wild Felids in Nandankanan Zoo Odisha.
    (Orissa Univesrity of Agriculture and Technology; Bhubaneswar, 2010) Sahu, Sarat Kumar; Panda, H. K.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Microbial activity and bacterial diversity under different tillage and irrigation practices in tropical lowland rice-rice system
    (MB, OUAT, 2018) Patra, Pravamayee; Tripathi, Dr. Rahul; Mohanty, Dr. Ashis Kumar
    Rice is the world’s most prominent food crop and a staple food source for more than a third of the world’s population. Rice is a high water requiring crop and Water demand for lowland rice is approximately four times greater than for other cereals. Much water could be saved if zero or minimum tillage and direct seeded method of crop establishment practices were adopted in rice. This study is conducted to understand the distribution of different enzymes, microbial properties and bacterial diversity under different tillage and irrigation treatments established in ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack. This study was planned with following objectives: (1) To study soil microbial biomass carbon, different carbon fractions and enzymatic activities in different treatments (2)To isolate bacterial strains in different tillage and irrigation treatments having different PGP traits (3) To differentiate isolated bacterial strains based on morphological and biochemical characterization (4) To assess microbial diversity using Polymerase Chain Reaction. The experiment was conducted in ICAR National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack with rice variety ‘Naveen’. The experiment is conducted in 9 combinations of tillage and irrigation practices. The three tillage treatments i.e. dry tillage, puddling and zero tillage got implemented with three irrigation treatments i.e. flooding, alternate wet and drying(15cm) and alternate wet and drying(saturation) conditions were led in randomized block design. Soil organic carbon and its fractions, enzymatic activities in soil was assessed. Population of phosphate solublising bacteria, morphological and biochemical characterization of the isolates were done. The results revealed that SOC (7.9gm/kg), POSC (498.7 μgCg-1), MBC (671.26 μgCg-1) were maximum under ZT-FD treatment where as WSC was found to be maximum (163.9 μgCg-1 ) in ZT-AWD (SS) whereas RMC was found to be maximum (162.5 μgCg-1) in PD-FD. Significantly higher dehydrogenase (564.8μg TPF g-1d-1) and β-glucosidase (240.21 μg PNG g-1d-1) activities were found in DT-AWD (15cm) where as urease activity was found to be highest (206.25μg urea g-1d-1 ) in ZT-FD. Maximum acid Phosphatase activity (217.96 μg g-1d-1) was found to be in DT-FD whereas highest activity of alkaline phosphatise (187.20 μg g-1d-1) was recorded under PD-FD. Phosphate solubilising bacteria had minimum population in PD-AWD (SS) whereas Nitrifying bacterial population was found to be less in DT-AWD (SS). Denitrifying bacteria was found to be less in ZT-AWD(15cm). Phosphate Solubilising Bacteria and denitrifying bacterial population count was found to be maximum in ZT-FD where as the nitrifying population count was found to be maximum in DT-AWD(15cm). The abundance of nitrogen fixing bacteria (6106368copy no/gm soil) was identified by using nif-H gene by RT-PCR and it revealed the highest no of copies in ZT-AWD (15cm). The nitrogen fixing bacteria abundance was found to be minimum in ZT-AWD(SS) i.e. 2740748 copy no/gm soil. This study gives an insight into the microbial properties which help in plant growth promoting activities by changing the different microbial properties of soil.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access