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    Influence of organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen on growth, yield and quality of Radish (Raphanus sativus L.)
    (COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE ANANTHARAJUPETA - 516 105, Y.S.R KADAPA DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH, 2018-07-29) B. NAVEEN YADAV; Dr. P. SYAM SUNDAR REDDY
    A field experiment was conducted during rabi 2017-18 to study the “Influence of organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen on growth, yield and quality of radish (Raphanus sativus L.)” at College of Horticulture, Dr. Y.S.R Horticultural University, Anantharajupeta, Y.S.R Kadapa Dist. of Andhra Pradesh. The experiment consists of 14 treatments in a Randomized Block Design with three replications. Treatments include T1- RDF (100:80:50 Kg NPK/ha), T2- 100% RDN through FYM, T3-100% RDN through Vermicompost, T4-100% RDN through Neem cake, T5-75% RDN + 25% N through FYM, T6-75% RDN + 25% N through Vermicompost, T7-75% RDN + 25% N through Neem cake, T8-50% RDN + 50% N through FYM, T9-50% RDN + 50% N through Vermicompost, T10- 50% RDN + 50% N through Neem cake, T11-25% RDN + 75% N through FYM, T12-25% RDN + 75% N through Vermicompost, T13- 25% RDN + 75% N through Neem cake and T14-Absolute Control. Nitrogen was applied in two equal splits at basal and 25 DAS as per the treatments. All the plots except absolute control received uniform doses of 80 kg P2O5 and 50 kg K2O ha-1 through SSP and MOP. FYM, vermicompost and neem cake were incorporated as per the treatments to respective plots prior to sowing on the basis of nitrogen percentage. The results of the present investigation revealed that among the different traits, plant height (42.38 cm), number of leaves plant-1 (20.27) were recorded highest with the application of 75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake (T7) which was significantly superior to all other treatments and it was statistically on par with T10- 50% RDN + 50 % N through neem cake (42.14 cm and 19.59). Leaf length (36.97 cm), leaf area plant-1 (2463.15 cm2 ) were recorded maximum in 75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake (T7) which was significantly superior to all other treatments and it was statistically on par with T1 (RDF) (36.62 cm and 2386.17 cm2 ). Fresh weight of shoot (23457 g), dry weight of shoot (17.45 g) were recorded highest with the application 75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake (T7) which was significantly superior to all other treatments and it was statistically on par with T10 - 50% RDN + 50 % N through neem cake (227.59 g and 17.31 g). The highest SCMR value (33.64) was recorded with the application 75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake (T7) which was however comparable with T1 - RDF (32.63) Name of the author : B. Naveen Yadav Title of the thesis : Influence of organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen on growth, yield and quality of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Degree to which it is submitted : M.Sc. (Horticulture) Faculty Department : : HORTICULTURE Vegetable Science Major Advisor : Dr. P. SYAM SUNDAR REDDY University : Dr.Y.S.R HORTICULTURAL UNIVERSITY Year of submission : 2018 The yield parameters like root length (31.17 cm), root diameter (3.84 cm), root shoot ratio (1.32), total biomass (541.11 g plant -1 ) and harvest index (56.75%) were recorded maximum in treatment T7- 75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake which was statistically on par with T1 -RDF (29.5 cm, 3.76 cm, 1.22, 503.88 g and 54.80%). Fresh and dry weight of roots (306.54 g plant-1 and 16.89 g plant-1 ) and root yield (22.83 kg plot-1 and 38.06 t ha-1 ) were recorded maximum with the application of 75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake (T7) followed by T1- RDF (277.17 g, 15.28 g and 20.50 kg plot-1 and 34.17 t ha-1 ) and both of them were significantly superior to all other treatments. Minimum days to harvest (46.39 days) was recorded with T1- RDF (100:80:50 Kg NPK/ha) followed by T7 - 75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake (46.57 days). With respect to quality parameters, fibre content, total soluble solids and ascorbic acid were recorded maximum (1.95 mg 100g-1 , 5.20 0Brix and 17.91 mg 100g-1 ) with the application of 75% RDN + 25 % N through neem cake which was on par with T1- RDF (100:80:50 Kg/ha NPK) (1.91 mg/100g, 4.82mg/100g and 17.19 mg 100g-1 ). Titrable acidity was lowest (0.13%) with T5 (75% RDN + 25% N through FYM), which was statistically in parity with T7 (75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake) (0.15%). Moisture content in radish roots was non-significant. The highest nutrient uptake of N (82.51 kg ha-1 ), P (18.50 kg ha-1 ) and K (89.51 kg ha-1 ) at harvest were recorded with T7 (75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake) followed by T1-RDF (70.24 kg ha-1, 16.95 kg ha-1 and 80.24 kg ha- 1 and T10 -50%RDN +50 % N through neem cake (68.57 kg ha-1 , 15.93 kg ha-1 and 76.57 kg ha-1 ). The highest post-harvest soil NPK availability was recorded in T3-100 % N through vermicompost (292.76 N kg ha-1 , 38.87 P kg ha-1 and 396.13 K kg ha-1 ). The highest benefit cost ratio (1:4.53) and net returns (Rs. 159699.50) were obtained with T1-RDF. While, the lowest benefit cost ratio of 1:0.88 was observed in T4 -100% N through neem cake. Among the different organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen and their combinations tried, 75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake (T7) followed by 100% RDF (T1) can be considered as the best treatment for obtaining better growth and yield in radish. Though, RDF treatment recorded the highest benefit: cost ratio due to cheaper price of inorganic fertilizers, it is not advisable to apply inorganic fertilizers alone considering its adverse effects on soil health and environment. Organic sources of nutrients may be costly, but in the long run organic sources of nutrients helps to improve the soil physical properties and helps in sustaining the yields.
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    ThesisItemUnknown
    Influence of organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen on growth, yield and quality of Radish (Raphanus sativus L.)
    (COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE ANANTHARAJUPETA - 516 105, Y.S.R KADAPA DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH, 2018-07-29) B. NAVEEN YADAV; Dr. P. SYAM SUNDAR REDDY
    A field experiment was conducted during rabi 2017-18 to study the “Influence of organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen on growth, yield and quality of radish (Raphanus sativus L.)” at College of Horticulture, Dr. Y.S.R Horticultural University, Anantharajupeta, Y.S.R Kadapa Dist. of Andhra Pradesh. The experiment consists of 14 treatments in a Randomized Block Design with three replications. Treatments include T1- RDF (100:80:50 Kg NPK/ha), T2- 100% RDN through FYM, T3-100% RDN through Vermicompost, T4-100% RDN through Neem cake, T5-75% RDN + 25% N through FYM, T6-75% RDN + 25% N through Vermicompost, T7-75% RDN + 25% N through Neem cake, T8-50% RDN + 50% N through FYM, T9-50% RDN + 50% N through Vermicompost, T10- 50% RDN + 50% N through Neem cake, T11-25% RDN + 75% N through FYM, T12-25% RDN + 75% N through Vermicompost, T13- 25% RDN + 75% N through Neem cake and T14-Absolute Control. Nitrogen was applied in two equal splits at basal and 25 DAS as per the treatments. All the plots except absolute control received uniform doses of 80 kg P2O5 and 50 kg K2O ha-1 through SSP and MOP. FYM, vermicompost and neem cake were incorporated as per the treatments to respective plots prior to sowing on the basis of nitrogen percentage. The results of the present investigation revealed that among the different traits, plant height (42.38 cm), number of leaves plant-1 (20.27) were recorded highest with the application of 75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake (T7) which was significantly superior to all other treatments and it was statistically on par with T10- 50% RDN + 50 % N through neem cake (42.14 cm and 19.59). Leaf length (36.97 cm), leaf area plant-1 (2463.15 cm2 ) were recorded maximum in 75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake (T7) which was significantly superior to all other treatments and it was statistically on par with T1 (RDF) (36.62 cm and 2386.17 cm2 ). Fresh weight of shoot (23457 g), dry weight of shoot (17.45 g) were recorded highest with the application 75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake (T7) which was significantly superior to all other treatments and it was statistically on par with T10 - 50% RDN + 50 % N through neem cake (227.59 g and 17.31 g). The highest SCMR value (33.64) was recorded with the application 75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake (T7) which was however comparable with T1 - RDF (32.63) Name of the author : B. Naveen Yadav Title of the thesis : Influence of organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen on growth, yield and quality of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Degree to which it is submitted : M.Sc. (Horticulture) Faculty Department : : HORTICULTURE Vegetable Science Major Advisor : Dr. P. SYAM SUNDAR REDDY University : Dr.Y.S.R HORTICULTURAL UNIVERSITY Year of submission : 2018 The yield parameters like root length (31.17 cm), root diameter (3.84 cm), root shoot ratio (1.32), total biomass (541.11 g plant -1 ) and harvest index (56.75%) were recorded maximum in treatment T7- 75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake which was statistically on par with T1 -RDF (29.5 cm, 3.76 cm, 1.22, 503.88 g and 54.80%). Fresh and dry weight of roots (306.54 g plant-1 and 16.89 g plant-1 ) and root yield (22.83 kg plot-1 and 38.06 t ha-1 ) were recorded maximum with the application of 75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake (T7) followed by T1- RDF (277.17 g, 15.28 g and 20.50 kg plot-1 and 34.17 t ha-1 ) and both of them were significantly superior to all other treatments. Minimum days to harvest (46.39 days) was recorded with T1- RDF (100:80:50 Kg NPK/ha) followed by T7 - 75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake (46.57 days). With respect to quality parameters, fibre content, total soluble solids and ascorbic acid were recorded maximum (1.95 mg 100g-1 , 5.20 0Brix and 17.91 mg 100g-1 ) with the application of 75% RDN + 25 % N through neem cake which was on par with T1- RDF (100:80:50 Kg/ha NPK) (1.91 mg/100g, 4.82mg/100g and 17.19 mg 100g-1 ). Titrable acidity was lowest (0.13%) with T5 (75% RDN + 25% N through FYM), which was statistically in parity with T7 (75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake) (0.15%). Moisture content in radish roots was non-significant. The highest nutrient uptake of N (82.51 kg ha-1 ), P (18.50 kg ha-1 ) and K (89.51 kg ha-1 ) at harvest were recorded with T7 (75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake) followed by T1-RDF (70.24 kg ha-1, 16.95 kg ha-1 and 80.24 kg ha- 1 and T10 -50%RDN +50 % N through neem cake (68.57 kg ha-1 , 15.93 kg ha-1 and 76.57 kg ha-1 ). The highest post-harvest soil NPK availability was recorded in T3-100 % N through vermicompost (292.76 N kg ha-1 , 38.87 P kg ha-1 and 396.13 K kg ha-1 ). The highest benefit cost ratio (1:4.53) and net returns (Rs. 159699.50) were obtained with T1-RDF. While, the lowest benefit cost ratio of 1:0.88 was observed in T4 -100% N through neem cake. Among the different organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen and their combinations tried, 75% RDN + 25% N through neem cake (T7) followed by 100% RDF (T1) can be considered as the best treatment for obtaining better growth and yield in radish. Though, RDF treatment recorded the highest benefit: cost ratio due to cheaper price of inorganic fertilizers, it is not advisable to apply inorganic fertilizers alone considering its adverse effects on soil health and environment. Organic sources of nutrients may be costly, but in the long run organic sources of nutrients helps to improve the soil physical properties and helps in sustaining the yields.