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201414
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Subject: Plant Pathology × End date: 2014 × Start date: 2014 × Type: Thesis ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 14
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON LONGEVITY AND STORAGE OF PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENCE UNDER VARIOUS CONDITIONS.
    (JNKVV,JABALPUR, 2014) PATEL, SANJAY KUMAR; WASNIKAR, A.R.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on longevity and storage of pseudomonas fluorescence under vario conditions
    (JNKVV, Jabalpur, 2014) Patel, Sanjay Kumar; Wasnikar, A.R.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    Studies on alternaria cassiae (Juriar and khan) causing leaf blight of cowpea
    (JNKVV, 2014) Vighe, Chaitali; Nema, Sushma
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    Studies on components of partial resistance to blast caused by pyricularia grisea sacc. in finger millet (Eleusine coracana l. gaertn)
    (JNKVV, 2014) Gupta, Devendra Kumar; Jain, A.K.
    Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn.), commonly known as Ragi belongs to the family Poaceae (Graminae) is an important coarse cereal traditional crop widely grown in semi arid areas of African and Asian countries. In India, the crop is cultivated in 1.6 m ha area with a production of about 1.59 m t and productivity of 1428 kg ha -1 (Anon., 2013). The finger millet grains are rich source of protein fiber, minerals and amino acids, which are crucial to human health and growth. The nutritional quality of finger millet grain makes it an ideal food for expectant women, lactating mothers, children, the sick and diabetics. Blast caused by Pyricularia grisea (Cooke) Sacc. [ teleomorph: Magnaporthe grisea Barr.] is very prominent and affect the productivity, utilization and trade of finger millet. The disease affects the crop at all growth stages and cause average loss around 28-36% (Nagaraja et al. 2007). The most susceptible stage for leaf blast is seedling stage, whereas pre-flowering stage is for neck and finger blast. Growing cultivars with durable resistance is the best means of combating the blast disease of finger millet. But literature on slow blasting resistance or partial resistance in finger millet is meager in the literature. Several types of resistance have been recognized on the basis of their mode of inheritance, epidemiological terms, mechanism of resistance, and frequency of distribution and stages of growth at which disease occurs. Partial resistance has been defined as a reduced epidemic build up in the field despite a susceptible infection type. It is race non- specific polygenic, durable in some cultivars and has been described as slow blasting resistance (Parlevliet, 1979). Hence. the present investigation entitled “Studies on components of partial resistance to blast caused by Pyricularia grisea Sacc. in finger millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn.)” has been designed to identify components of partial or slow blasting resistance in finger millet with following investigation areas. 1. To study the field resistance in finger millet genotypes against blast caused by Pyricularia grisea. 2. To study the component characters of slow blasting resistance in finger millet. 3. To study the association among various components of resistance to Pyricularia grisea in finger millet.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    Studies on banded leaf and sheath blight of little millet (Panicum sumatrense) caused by rhizoctonia solani kuhn
    (JNKVV, 2014) Chouhan, Shailendra Singh; Jain, A.K.
    Abstract The present study entitled “Studies on banded leaf and sheath blight of little millet (Panicum sumatrense) caused by Rhizoctoniasolani Kuhn” was carried out at experimental area of all India coordinated small millets improvement Project and department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Rewa (M.P.) during 2012 with the objectives to study the cultural characteristic of the Rhizoctonia solani, antagonistic effect of local isolates of Trichoderma spp. against the pathogen, identification of host resistance, losses in yield traits and elicitation of resistance host plant with non-conventional chemicals. The findings of present study are under. Rhizoctonia solani, causal agent of banded leaf and sheath blight disease of little millet produced cottony, regular and fast growing whitish calony without pigmentation with maximum mycelial growth on PDA followed by medicate growth with light and dark pigmentation in Czapek’s dox agar and Richards medium. All the local isolates of Trichoderma species inhibited the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani varied from 9.09 to 40.26% and 23.89 to 33.63% often 48 hrs and 72hrs of incubation, respectively. The local isolate collected from Kuthulia, Rewa (T2) was found superior in inhibiting the growth followed by chakghat (T9), Indore (T4) and Khangone (T3) isolates. Aqueous bud extract of garlic and rhizome extract of ginger completely inhibited the radial growth followed by onion bulb extract (92.5%), neem leaf extract (76.7%) and dhatura leaf extract (75.3%) at 9% concentration after 144 hrs of incubation. Out of 21 released and pre-released genotypes of little millet, none was found completely perform banded leaf and sheath blight. However, five genotypes namely KRI 10-03, RLM 186, OLM 203, DLM 103 and BL 4 were found resistant with 0.082 to 0.119 cm per day infection rate under artificial inoculations. Agro-morphological characters of little millet were found affected by the incidence of Rhizoctonia solani. Average Reduction of 14.7%, 15.7%, 14.2%, 12.8%, 17.8%, 11.3% and 19.4% was recorded in plant height, number of productive tillers plant-1, panicles length, panicle weight, grain yield plant-1, test weight and fodder yield plant-1. Significant reduction in seed germination (3.5 to 20.0%) shoot length (4.8 to 23.1%) root length (5.2 to 24.4%) and seedling vigour index (9.2 to 39.5%) was recorded in seeds collected from healthy and banded leaf and sheath blight infected little millet plants. In general, reduction was more in susceptible genotypes as compared to resistant genotypes. Induction or elicitation of resistance in little millet plant due to faliar spray of salicylic acid and sodium fluoride at 100, 150 and 200 ppm against Rhizoctonia solani significantly reduced the banded leaf and sheath blight incidence from 21.2 to 45.7%. Foliar application of salicylic acid and sodium fluoride also reduced the infection rate from 0.084 to 0.151 cm with higher benefit cost ratio. The following conclusions could be drawn from the present findings. 1. Maximum mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani was recorded in Potato dexpose agar medium fallowed by Czapek’s dox agar and Richard’s medium. Cottony regular and fast growing whitish colony without pigmentation was recorded in above culture media. 2. Isolates of Trichoderme species collected from Kuthulia, Rewa (18.75%) was found superior to inhibit. The radial growth of Rhizoctonia Solani follwed by Chakghat (19.25%) Indore (19.50%) and Khangone (19.50%) isolates. 3. Aqueous extract of garlic bud and ginger rhizome completely inhibited the radial growth of Rhizoctonia solani at 9% concentration after 144 hrs of incubation. Onion & neem leaf extract were also found effective. 4. Five genotypes of little millet namely KRI 10-03, RLM 186, OLM 203, DLM 103 and Bl 4 were found resistant showing less than 20% disease severity and lower infection rate (0.082 to 0.119 cm day-1) agaist basded leaf and sheath blight disease. 5. Agro-morphological average reduction in characters like plant height (14.7%)productive tillers plant-1 (15.7%) panical length (14.2%) panicle weight (12.8%)grain yield plant -1 (17.8%) of little millet was recorded due to incidence of Rhizoctonia solani. 6. Foliar application of non- conventional chemicals namely salicylic acid and sodium floride @ 200 ppm was found to induce resistance in little millet against Rhizoctonia solani. Lower disease severity 18.9% and infection rate of 0.056 cm day-1 along with higher grain yield 1010 kg/ha and 973 kg/ha were recorded.