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2014 - 201627
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Subject: Agricultural Business Management × End date: 2016 × Start date: 2014 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Business Performance of Pacb’s in Dharwad District
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-06) Godkhindi, Sachin; Banakar, Basavaraj
    Farm credit is a strategic input and demand for it steadily increased with the advent of modern technology. Among the various financial institutions, the co-operatives have emerged as a major source of agricultural credit. A three- tier system of co-operative credit structure came into existence to meet short term and medium term credit requirements of the farmers. An enquiry into the performance of Primary Agriculture Co-operative Banks (PACB)’s in Dharwad district revealed interesting facts about the PACB’s performance according to agro-climatic variations. Fifteen PACB’s were selected for the study, which represented three different agro-climatic zones. The study was based on both primary and secondary data. The growth in the employees, membership and loan account was positive and significant in most of the PACB’s. Growth in financial variable like profit and loss showed positive for some of the PACB’s. The results showed only few are incurring losses. The recovery percentage for the selected PACB’s increased over the years. The principal component analysis revealed that almost all variables were closely associated with performance of the PACB’s in first dimension. Agricultural loan dominated among the loan amount advanced for different purposes followed by non-agricultural loan for small and large farmers. The opinion of policy makers, officials and borrowers were analyzed separately using cluster analysis. The opinion of officials revealed that out of 12 variables, ten variables were found in high aggregate cluster and another two variables were grouped in medium and low aggregate clusters. The opinion of policy makers depicted that out of 18 variables, 12 were grouped under high aggregate cluster, 3 variables each in medium and low aggregate cluster.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Export Performance of Maize from India: an Econometric Analysis
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-06) Muttur, Sneha; Yeledhalli, R.A.
    Maize (Zea mays L.) is important cereals of the world and provides major part of human food. Maize is the third most important cereal crop in India after rice and wheat. Maize is grown throughout the year. It is predominantly a kharif crop with 85 per cent of the area under cultivation in the season. This study was entirely based on secondary data. Data pertaining to export of maize was collected from UNCOMTRAD (United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database) for the period of 2000 to 2014. During the study period trends in area, production, productivity and exports of maize from India were showing increasing rate. Export performance of maize was analysed using Markov chain transition probability technique, it reveals that among the maize importing countries from India, Bangladesh was having highest retention share compared to other countries in which it gained 4 per cent share from Malaysia compared to previous year and lost 17 per cent and 4 per cent to Indonesia and Vietnam respectively. India’s maize export is having comparative advantage in the International market as indicated by the EPR values of more than one. Trends in prices of maize in the major markets of India viz., Dahod, Davangere, Udaipur and Ahmadabad were showing an increasing rate. Among all the four selected major markets in India, highest seasonal indices were found in Ahmadabad market followed by Davangere market. With respect to cyclical variations in the maize prices on an average for every four to five years one cycle was completed in all the selected market expect Ahmadabad market.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana in Rural Areas of North Karnataka – an Inquiry Into its Implementation and Impact
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-06) Jagruthi S.; Mahajanashetti, S.B.
    Financial inclusion is delivery of banking services at an affordable cost to the vast sections of disadvantaged and low income groups. To reduce the degree of “financial untouchability”, a big bang action plan popularly known as “Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana” was implemented. The present study was conducted in seven districts under the jurisdiction of University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Bagalkot, Belagavi, Dharwad, Gadag, Haveri, Uttara Kannada and Vijayapura). Totally, seven lead bank managers were selected from the seven districts. From each district, two commercial bank branches and two Regional Rural Bank branches were selected in consultation with the Lead bank officials. From the service area of each selected bank branch, ten PMJDY households were selected randomly. Primary data was collected from the households and from the managers of the bank branches of the study area. The secondary data was collected from the records of lead banks and the bank branches. The results revealed that under UAS Dharwad jurisdiction, the household coverage under PMJDY was 94.21 per cent and the proportion of Ru-Pay cards distribution to the PMJDY account holders was 74.94 per cent. The average age of respondents selected under UAS jurisdiction was 41.48 years and agriculture was the main occupation for a majority of the respondents (60.00 %). With reference to performance of PMJDY accounts, 19.53 per cent of saving bank accounts were PMJDY accounts, 61.83 per cent the PMJDY accounts were issued Ru-Pay cards. About 68.93 per cent of PMJDY accounts were opened with the sole expectation of availing overdraft. The major constraint experienced by the beneficiaries in implementation of PMJDY was lack of awareness on available services and for the bank mangers was multiple PMJDY accounts opened by the account holders. Hence, awareness should be created through training programmes by financial literacy and credit counseling centers.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Production and Marketing Management of Coffee Based Cropping Systems in Kodagu District
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-06) Kavya V.H.; Naik, A.D.
    The objective of the study was to analyse the production and marketing management of coffee based cropping systems in Kodagu district of Karnataka. A multi-stage random sampling procedure was adopted in selection of the sample coffee planters. The data was collected from 40 farmers and 80 middlemen involved in marketing of coffee and its associate crops. The collected data was analysed by Tabular analysis and Garrett ranking techniques. The study revealed that Karnataka state was found to be significant and has positive growth rate in area (0.99 %), production (1.74 %) and productivity (0.93 %). The establishment and maintenance cost of coffee per hectare was found to be Rs. 9,23,116.55 and Rs.1,07,217.10 in the cropping system-I (coffee + pepper) and Rs. 9,76,801.50 and Rs.1,08,461.00 for cropping system-II (coffee + cardamom) respectively. The total and net returns were Rs. 3,60,639.00 and Rs.2,57,972 for cropping system-I and Rs.2,53,177.00 and Rs.1,50,579.00 for cropping system-II respectively. Producers share in consumer’s rupee was high in channel-II (74.74%) in coffee, channel-II (94.31 %) in pepper and channel-II (90.17 %) in cardamom. Financial analysis of the study depicted that at the discount rate of 12 per cent, the coffee enterprises has NPV (Rs.7,76,230.56 and Rs. 7,75,936.98), BCR (3.51 % and 2.46 %), PBP (11.1 and 15.5 years) and IRR (27 % and 17 %) for cropping systems-I and II, respectively. Weather extremity, non-availability of skilled labour, high fluctuation of prices and lower price were the core problems faced by the coffee and its associative crop growers. Adoption of recommended cultivation practices, provision of adequate credit facilities and practice of cropping system-I over the cropping system-II helps to amplify the farm income and productivity of coffee growers.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Temporal and Spatial Market Variations in Agricultural Commodities Across Major Markets in Karnataka
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-06) Ndlovu, Charles C.; Naik, Balachandra K.
    Agriculture continues to play a critical role in India and getting agricultural markets right is still one of the priorities of the Government of India particularly in view of agricultural price fluctuations. As such the study was conducted to examine the temporal and spatial variations of prices and arrivals of agricultural commodities in Karnataka state. Nine agricultural commodities were purposively selected; paddy, maize, bengalgram, tur, groundnut, sunflower, cotton, potato and onion. Secondary data were collected from 45 Agricultural Produce Marketing Committees. The analytical techniques employed include descriptive statistics, trend analysis, VAR model, Nerlovian adjustment function, cointegration and ARIMA. The results indicated that prices of all selected commodities increased by 53.54 to 463.61 /q/annum. Annual increment in arrivals was higher, varying from 343 to 1,58,857 q/annum than annual decrement (80 to 20,999 q/annum). Moderate seasonal variation was observed in prices (78.32 to 120.33 %) compared to arrivals (76 to 550.84 %). There was significant association between current and lagged values of arrivals and prices. Positive correlation existed between current arrivals and current prices (r of 0.125 to 0.487) except for sunflower (r of -0.312). Lagged prices, current production and lagged arrivals were significant determinants of market arrivals. Short-run elasticities ranged from 0.155 to 0.705 while long-run elasticities ranged from 0.246 to 1.045. Pairwise cointegration revealed that some market pairs such Bengaluru and Malur markets were not integrated in case of potato. Majority of the markets were segmented as Granger causality was ascertained in 45 per cent of the market pairs. Vijayapura market led in formation and transmission of cotton prices. Speed of adjustment was slow across the markets, with majority of the markets adjusting less than 50 per cent within a month. The forecast prices indicated that upward and downward trends would be expected across the markets of all commodities.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Study of Market Structure, Conduct and Performance of Vegetable Seed Business in Karnataka
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-09) Swamidas, Stephan Raj; Naik, A.D.
    The study was carried out with three purposes and those were market structure, conduct and performance. The vegetables selected for the study were; tomato, cabbage, green chilli and brinjal. Multistage sampling technique was adopted for this study. CGR was calculated using the secondary data from 2004-05 to 2014-15. Study confirms that Haveri district recorded the highest growth rate in green chilli and cabbage in the case of Belagavi district. Hassan district had the highest growth in production of tomato crop. In Kolar district, all the selected vegetable crops indicated a declining trend in area. Herfindah index was used to know the market concentration and it showed that market were moderate to high degree of concentration in all the four districts. Which suggest that it is very difficult for new firms to enter in the selected vegetable seeds market in the study area. All the companies actively conducted the promotional activates in all districts for three vegetables crops except for brinjal because the turnover with respect to brinjal crop was relatively low as compared to other three crops. To know the market performance, sixteen parameters were devised during the study that ranged from product display to distributors depth. Each company was ranked on 1 to 5 scales. A comparison on individual parameter was done and the overall performance of each of the company was calculated with help of a grid. Standardized index was used to know the major factors which influenced the farmers in purchasing decision of different vegetable seeds and the most important factors were market price at the time of planting and suitability of soil. Study also indicated that competition with other dealers, poor credit recovery from farmers and competition from product development personnel were the major constraints with respect to dealers, nurserymen and distributors in vegetable seed distribution.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Performance and Impact of Regional Rural Banks – a Case Study of Karnataka Vikas Grameena Bank in Karnataka
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-09) Srikanth H.S.; Karnool, N.N.
    In recent years, several changes have taken place in the structure and operation of the Regional Rural Banks in the wake of financial sector reforms in India and various measures have been taken by the Government to improve the commercial viability of RRBs. With this background, an attempt was made during 2013-14 to evaluate the performance of Karnataka Vikas Grameena Bank. It is having head office in Dharwad and operations in nine districts of Karnataka. A multistage random sampling procedure was adopted to select the required samples. Primary data was collected from bank beneficiaries and bank officials. Secondary data were collected from KVG Bank. Study period was from 2005-06 to 2013-14. Results depicted that the current ratio was more than one in study period which indicated that the bank had maintained a reasonable level of liquidity. Substantial annual growth of 9.51 per cent in deposit accounts and 6.68 per cent in advance accounts were noticed. Profitability ratio was found to be positive in all the periods. It was due to lower burden ratio (1.05 %) compared to spread ratio (2.67 %). The pattern of credit flow to beneficiaries remained unchanged as indicated by significant Kendall’s co-efficient (0.77). Gini ratio (0.22) indicated a lower inequality in credit distribution among beneficiaries. KVG bank achieved break-even volume of business and was operating above the norms of capital adequacy. PCA revealed that deposit amount, average business amount per branch and total business were important variables influencing the performance. Discriminant function indicated that higher level of education and income level tended to increase the willful defaulters. Income and employment of beneficiaries increased after the bank finance by 22 to 89 per cent and 28 to 67 per cent respectively. The KVG Bank has been performing well in both quantitative and qualitative aspects.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Performance of Pledge Loan Scheme of Agricultural Produce of Regulated Markets of North Karnataka
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-06) Amaresh; Kerur, N.M.
    Agricultural sector has been one of the most important sectors of Indian economy. It is a well known fact that the prices of agricultural commodities immediately after harvest tend to be low compelling the farmers specially the small and marginal farmers with low or no holding capacity to resort to distress sale. To overcome, state government has implemented the pledge loan scheme for the benefit of the farmers when the prices crawl down. Performance, awareness, sales proceeds and constraints faced in availing the pledge loan was studied. Research was confined to seven districts coming under UAS, Dharwad jurisdiction. A total of 14 markets, with 15 farmers and 2 officials from each market was selected for the study. Compound growth rate analysis, descriptive statistics and Garret ranking was used in order to analyze the collected data. Results revealed that, there was no dearth of funds in APMC for providing the pledge loan scheme. In north Karnataka (Dharwad, Gadag, Uttara Kannada, Belagavi, Haveri, Bagalkote, Vijayapura), Dharwad with CAGR of 11.23 per cent was the successful market in implementing the scheme. Majority of the farmers got awareness about the scheme from APMC and ware house officials. Sales proceeds indicated that the farmers had a benefit of getting higher price for their produce whenever there is a glut in market. Farmers received on an average of more than twenty per cent of profit by availing the loan in some of the agricultural produce. Among the stored agricultural produce, farmers who stored arecanut were benefited the most. Farmers expressed their major constraint as procedure cumbersome in sanctioning of the loan, which was followed by delay in sanctioning of the loan. APMC officials expressed that the major problem in operating the pledge loan is lack of adequate staff. Government has to take much more initiatives in creating awareness about the scheme among the farmers so that large farming community is benefited.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Performance of Minimum Support Price Scheme for Agricultural Commodities in North Karnataka
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-06) Asharani K.N.; Murthy, C.
    The MSP is announced by the Government of India at the beginning of the sowing season for certain crops on the basis of the recommendations of the CACP. A multistage random sampling procedure has been adopted for the selection of the five districts, regulated markets and sample respondents. From each district two major markets were selected. From each market 60 farmers (20 marginal, 20 small and 20 medium farmers) were selected for the year 2015-16 for collection of primary data. Hence, the total sample size was 600. The secondary data were collected from the APMC from 2002-03 to 2015-16. Compound growth rate were computed in respect of MSP of agricultural commodities for the period from 2000-01 to 2015-16. It was revealed that the annual growth rate of MSP for all the commodities found to be positive and significant. The cost and returns per hectare were worked out for selected crops, it was found that the cost and returns in medium size farmers was higher compared to small and marginal farmers. The overall percentage of farmers having awareness about MSP scheme in all selected districts was low. All the farmers expressed dependence on monsoon, lack of labour as major production constraints. Hence, to overcome problems, mechanization in harvesting may be advocated and the extension agencies need to gear up their activities to train the farmers for diversified cropping system. In marketing of all crops, fluctuation in market price and lack of infrastructure facilities were found to be major marketing constraints faced by the farmers. Hence, the APMC’s should provide regular information on market price to the farmers and also government should provide infrastructure facilities to the farmers.